<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu: Makaleler]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gelenekli Türk musikisi nazariyesi üzerine makaleler.]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/s/makaleler</link><image><url>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/img/substack.png</url><title>Emrah Hatipoğlu: Makaleler</title><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/s/makaleler</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 19:21:23 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[tr]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[akademik@emrahhatipoglu.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[akademik@emrahhatipoglu.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[akademik@emrahhatipoglu.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[akademik@emrahhatipoglu.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[H.S. Arel'in “Mürekkeb Makamların Tasnifi-Tahlili-Tenkidi” Başlıklı Yazısına Eleştirel Yaklaşım]]></title><description><![CDATA[Akademik Sosyal Ara&#351;t&#305;rmalar Dergisi, Y&#305;l: 12, Say&#305;: 158, Kas&#305;m 2024, s. 43-58 ISSN: 2148-2489 Doi Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/ASOS.78243]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/hs-arelin-murekkeb-makamlarn-tasnifi</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/hs-arelin-murekkeb-makamlarn-tasnifi</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 01 Nov 2024 06:19:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PUHR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5533b14e-6930-4b8a-9fe1-af7c24ea998f_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>&#214;zet</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Bilindi&#287;i gibi Arel-Ezgi nazariyesi, g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;z T&#252;rk musikisi e&#287;itim-&#246;&#287;retiminde a&#287;&#305;rl&#305;kl&#305; bir yere sahiptir. Elinde yeterince yay&#305;n ve ara&#351;t&#305;rma bulunmayan, T&#252;rk musikisi nazariyat&#305;na ilgi duyan &#231;evrelerin nazari bo&#351;lu&#287;unu doldurulmas&#305;nda olduk&#231;a ba&#351;ar&#305;l&#305; olmu&#351;tur. T&#252;rk musikisi i&#231;in yap&#305;lan bu ve benzeri &#231;al&#305;&#351;malar her ne kadar kendi d&#252;&#351;&#252;nce sahas&#305; i&#231;inde de&#287;erli kabul edilse de gelene&#287;e ait makam ve terkib anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305; de&#287;i&#351;tirmesi bak&#305;m&#305;ndan ele al&#305;nmas&#305; gereken bir mesele haline gelmi&#351;tir. H.S. Arel (v. 1955), T&#252;rk musikisi nazariyat&#305; ve tarihi &#252;zerine &#231;al&#305;&#351;malar&#305; olan ara&#351;t&#305;rmac&#305;lardan biridir. Bu &#231;al&#305;&#351;malar aras&#305;nda &#246;nemli bir yere sahip olan ve 1948&#8217;de Musiki Mecmuas&#305;nda yaz&#305;lmaya ba&#351;lanan &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#251;sikisi Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri&#8221; ba&#351;l&#305;kl&#305; yaz&#305; dizisi, Onur Akdo&#287;u taraf&#305;ndan kitap haline getirilmi&#351;tir. Rauf Yekta Bey&#8217;in erken vefat&#305;yla kendisine ait &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305;&#8221; kitab&#305;n&#305;n tamamlanamam&#305;&#351; olmas&#305;; nazariyatla ilgili eserlerin eski harflerle yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; olmas&#305;; yay&#305;nland&#305;&#287;&#305; y&#305;llarda Musiki Mecmuas&#305;na kolayca ula&#351;&#305;labilmesi, nazariyenin basit bir yakla&#351;&#305;mla ele al&#305;nmas&#305; gibi sebeplerden &#246;t&#252;r&#252; Arel&#8217;in yaz&#305;lar&#305;ndan olu&#351;an bu kitap, temel kaynak olarak tercih edilmi&#351;tir. Kitab&#305;n &#8220;M&#252;rekkeb Makamlar&#305;n Tasnifi-Tahlili-Tenkidi&#8221; b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;nde yer verilen bilgiler, Arel&#8217;in m&#252;rekkeb makamlara bak&#305;&#351; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;n&#305; g&#246;stermesi bak&#305;m&#305;ndan &#246;nem ta&#351;&#305;maktad&#305;r. &#199;al&#305;&#351;mada H.S. Arel&#8217;in M&#252;rekkeb Makam anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na de&#287;inilecek, Kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k M&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ald&#305;&#287;&#305;; Seg&#226;h, Ir&#226;k, Sab&#226; ve Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r makamlar&#305;n&#305;n, makam ile terkib/m&#252;rekkeb makam aras&#305;nda hangi s&#305;n&#305;ftan say&#305;lmas&#305; gerekti&#287;i konusunda tariflerle a&#231;&#305;klamal&#305; bilgi sunulacak ve gelene&#287;e ait bestelerin hangi nazariyeyle a&#231;&#305;klanmas&#305; gerekti&#287;i hususunda g&#246;r&#252;&#351; bildirilecektir.</p><h2><strong>Giri&#351;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;in anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na g&#246;re T&#252;rk musikisi, &#231;okseslilikle &#351;ekillenebilmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> Bu temel anlay&#305;&#351;, nazariyesine de b&#252;t&#252;n&#252;yle yans&#305;m&#305;&#351; durumdad&#305;r. Her ne kadar Arel, T&#252;rk musikisi aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n, perdelerinin, makamlar&#305;n&#305;n, usullerinin, icap eden formlar&#305;n&#305;n ve &#231;alg&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n bu yeni olu&#351;umda mutlaka kullan&#305;lmas&#305; gerekti&#287;ini (Arel, 1993, s. 85) savunsa da gelene&#287;e ait musiki nazariyesi anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;ndan farkl&#305; bir d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncenin ortaya &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305; a&#351;ik&#226;rd&#305;r. Burada &#246;nemli olan ve &#252;zerinde d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmesi gereken husus, bu nazariyenin hangi musiki ortamlar&#305;nda kullan&#305;lmas&#305; gerekti&#287;idir Arel nazariyesi, gelene&#287;e ait T&#252;rk musikisi eserlerini nazari a&#231;&#305;dan ifade etmede yeterli midir? Yoksa ba&#351;ka bir amaca m&#305; hizmet etmektedir?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel nazariyesinde bilindi&#287;i gibi, alt&#305; tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;linin bir araya gelerek olu&#351;turdu&#287;u ve birle&#351;im yerinde g&#252;&#231;l&#252;n&#252;n meydana geldi&#287;i her dizi, Basit makam dizisi olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Bunlar&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kalan dizilerin t&#252;m&#252; ise &#8220;m&#252;rekkeb&#8221; say&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. (Arel, 1993, s. 40, 125) &#199;arg&#226;h, B&#251;selik, K&#252;rd&#238;, Hic&#226;z, Rast, U&#351;&#351;&#226;k &#8220;d&#246;rtl&#252;leri&#8221; ile &#199;arg&#226;h, B&#251;selik, K&#252;rd&#238;, Hic&#226;z, Rast ve H&#252;seyn&#238; &#8220;be&#351;lileri&#8221; bir araya gelerek &#8220;basit makam dizisi&#8221; olu&#351;turabilmektedir. Bu dizilerde, d&#246;rtl&#252; ile be&#351;linin veya be&#351;li ile d&#246;rtl&#252;n&#252;n birle&#351;im yerinde mutlaka &#8220;g&#252;&#231;l&#252;&#8221; perdesi olmak zorundad&#305;r. T&#252;rk musikisi gelene&#287;inde &#8220;makam&#8221; teriminin Arel&#8217;de &#8220;Basit Makam&#8221;, &#8220;Terkib&#8221; teriminin ise &#8220;Birle&#351;ik Makam&#8221; veya &#8220;M&#252;rekkeb Makam&#8221; ad&#305;yla kar&#351;&#305;land&#305;&#287;&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;nde; makam anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;e u&#287;rad&#305;&#287;&#305; ve &#8220;m&#252;rekkeb makam&#8221; olu&#351;umunun da buna g&#246;re &#351;ekillendi&#287;i g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk musikisi nazariyat gelene&#287;i i&#231;inde, &#246;zellikle 17. as&#305;rdan bu yana makamlar; az say&#305;da perdeyle, belli seyre sahip hususi na&#287;me olu&#351;turma &#231;abas&#305;n&#305; ta&#351;&#305;rken, Arel nazariyesinde &#8220;seyir&#8221;, ikinci plana al&#305;narak karakteristik hususi na&#287;meler g&#246;z ard&#305; edilmi&#351;; makam&#305;n veya terkibin kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; esas ve s&#252;sleyen/m&#252;zeyyin<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> perdeler bir arada verilerek makam ve terkibler, d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;li veya diziler halinde ifade edilir olmu&#351;tur.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> &#214;zellikle 19. as&#305;r anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;nda makam; her &#351;eyden &#246;nce birbirlerinden ay&#305;rt edilebilen, b&#252;t&#252;nl&#252;k &#246;zelli&#287;i ta&#351;&#305;y&#305;p par&#231;alara b&#246;l&#252;nemeyen, az say&#305;da perdeyle kendini ifade etme kudretine sahip olan ve belli seyre ait hususi na&#287;melerdir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a> Bu &#246;zelli&#287;e sahip olan na&#287;meler, her zaman &#8220;makam&#8221; olarak kabul edilmektedir. Arel nazariyesinde ise bu anlay&#305;&#351; de&#287;i&#351;tirilerek as&#305;rlard&#305;r makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan Sab&#226;, Seg&#226;h gibi na&#287;meler, s&#305;rf dizileri, tam d&#246;rtl&#252; veya be&#351;lilerle olu&#351;turulamamas&#305; ve birle&#351;im yerlerine g&#252;&#231;l&#252; perdesi isabet etmemesi sebebiyle birle&#351;ik makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na dahil edilmi&#351;tir.</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Arel Nazariyesinde M&#252;rekkeb (Birle&#351;ik) Makam Anlay&#305;&#351;&#305; ve S&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;in ifadelerinden anla&#351;&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; &#252;zere m&#252;rekkeb makam; genel anlamda bir makamdan ba&#351;ka bir makama yap&#305;lan &#8220;ge&#231;ki&#8221;nin isimlendirilmesidir. Ge&#231;kiler, dizide ya perdelerin vazifesini (&#246;nemli dereceler, g&#252;&#231;l&#252;) ya da h&#252;viyetini (tam-nim, nim-tam perde) de&#287;i&#351;tirmekle yap&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Ayn&#305; diziye sahip olan ya da olmayan makamlar, dizi i&#231;inde perdelerin vazife ve h&#252;viyet de&#287;i&#351;tirmesiyle ge&#231;kiyi olu&#351;turmaktad&#305;r (Arel, 1993, s. 129, 130, 309) Bunun yan&#305;nda tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liyle olu&#351;turulmayan her dizi, m&#252;rekkeb makama ait olmak zorundad&#305;r. Yani di&#287;er d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;lilerin (Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;, Seg&#226;h, H&#252;zz&#226;m, Pencg&#226;h, Ferahn&#226;k ve Nikr&#238;z be&#351;lisi) d&#226;hil olmas&#305;yla ancak m&#252;rekkeb makam dizileri olu&#351;turulabilmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">M&#252;rekkeb makamlar, Arel&#8217;de; &#8220;kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k&#8221;, &#8220;birle&#351;imli&#8221; ve &#8220;ekli&#8221; olmak &#252;zere &#252;&#231; s&#305;n&#305;fa ayr&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k makamlar, bir sekizli i&#231;indeki ge&#231;kiden veya ge&#231;kilerden do&#287;an ve dizileri bir sekizli halinde g&#246;sterilebilen m&#252;rekkeb makamlard&#305;r. Her biri bir dizinin i&#231;ine yabanc&#305; unsur kat&#305;lmak suretiyle v&#252;cuda getirilmi&#351;tir. Arel, bu s&#305;n&#305;fa &#246;rnek olarak; Ir&#226;k, Evc, Sab&#226;, Isfah&#226;n, Seg&#226;h, H&#252;zz&#226;m, M&#252;ste&#226;r, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r ve Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;rek isimlerini vermi&#351;tir. Birle&#351;imli makamlar, bir sekizliden daha geni&#351; saha i&#231;indeki ge&#231;kiden veya ge&#231;kilerden do&#287;an ve dizileri bir sekizliye s&#305;&#287;mayan m&#252;rekkeb makamlard&#305;r. Her biri muhtelif makamlara ait par&#231;alar&#305;n bir araya toplanmas&#305; suretiyle v&#252;cuda getirilmi&#351;tir. Arel, bu s&#305;n&#305;fa &#246;rnek olarak; Ferahfez&#226;, L&#226;leg&#252;l, Zirefkend, Sultan&#238; Seg&#226;h ve Bestenig&#226;r isimlerini vermi&#351;tir. Ekli makamlar ise herhangi bir makam dizisinin sonuna, sadece K&#252;rd&#238; veya B&#251;selik ge&#231;kisinin eklenmesinden do&#287;mu&#351;lard&#305;r. Dizilerinin sonuna yabanc&#305; birer unsur eklenmek suretiyle meydana gelmi&#351;lerdir. Arel, bu s&#305;n&#305;fa &#246;rnek olarak da Bay&#226;t&#238;-B&#251;selik, Bay&#226;t&#238;-Araban-B&#251;selik, Sab&#226;-B&#251;selik, Sab&#226;-Zemzeme, Acem- K&#252;rd&#238; ve Nev&#226;-K&#252;rd&#238; isimlerini vermi&#351;tir. (Arel, 1993, s. 273)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rma, 19. as&#305;r nazariyecisi Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin &#8220;Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k&#8221; risalesindeki bilgilerle kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda birbirinden farkl&#305; baz&#305; fikirler ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede, terkibler i&#231;in iki ya da daha fazla makamdan veya bir makama ek na&#287;me ya da perde eklenmesiyle olu&#351;an l&#226;hin oldu&#287;unu yazmaktad&#305;r. Terkibleri, &#8220;izaf&#238;&#8221; ve &#8220;mezc&#238;&#8221; olmak &#252;zere iki nev&#238;ye ay&#305;rmaktad&#305;r. &#304;zaf&#238; terkib, kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; perdeler a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan birbirinden farkl&#305; olan iki ya da daha fazla makam&#305;n, biri &#246;nde di&#287;eri sonda, geri kalan&#305; da ortada kullan&#305;lmak &#252;zere seyrin eklemeli olarak d&#252;zenlenmesidir. Ba&#351;ka bir ifadeyle bir makam &#252;zerine na&#287;me eklenerek olu&#351;turulmu&#351; &#246;zel bir seyir par&#231;as&#305;n&#305;n ayn&#305; yolla d&#252;zenlenmesidir. Mezc&#238; terkib ise, ayn&#305; perde d&#252;zenine sahip iki veya daha fazla makam ya da terkibin birbirleriyle karma hale gelerek seyirde birle&#351;mesiyle ortaya &#231;&#305;kan seyirdir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Burada iki d&#252;&#351;&#252;nce aras&#305;ndaki en &#246;nemli farklardan biri, Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de terkibin, bir makama yabanc&#305; bir unsur kat&#305;lmaks&#305;z&#305;n yeni bir isimle olu&#351;turulabilmesidir. Mesela Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n Nev&#226; makam&#305; gibi nev&#226;dan, H&#252;seyn&#238; gibi h&#252;seyn&#238;den, Evc gibi evcden ba&#351;lamas&#305; da bir terkib olu&#351;turmaktad&#305;r ki bu terkiblerin isimleri Arel nazariyesinde verilmemi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a> &#199;&#252;nk&#252; hepsi Rast makam&#305; dizisine aittir ve tariflerine gerek g&#246;r&#252;lmemi&#351;tir. Di&#287;er fark ise; Arel&#8217;de di&#287;er d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;lilerin kullan&#305;lmas&#305;yla olu&#351;turulan dizilerin m&#252;rekkeb say&#305;lmas&#305;d&#305;r. 19. as&#305;r nazari anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda; bir terkibin/m&#252;rekkeb makam&#305;n bir dizi i&#231;inde veya d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda olu&#351;mas&#305; ya da Arel nazariyesinde &#8220;Di&#287;er D&#246;rtl&#252; ve Be&#351;liler&#8221; ad&#305; alt&#305;nda bulunan kal&#305;plar&#305;n dahil edilmesi, &#246;nemli de&#287;ildir. Burada &#246;nemli olan; duygu farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;, bir makama has &#246;zelliklerde yap&#305;lan de&#287;i&#351;iklikler, birle&#351;imler ve bunun sonucu olarak ezgilerde ortaya &#231;&#305;kan yeni ifadelerdir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, tarifini vermeye lay&#305;k buldu&#287;u m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n, -karar yeri olarak- sekiz perdeye da&#287;&#305;ld&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; belirtmi&#351;tir. Bunlar; yeg&#226;h, a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, &#305;r&#226;k, rast, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h ve b&#251;seliktir. T&#252;rk musikisi &#226;s&#226;r&#305; ve nazariyat&#305; incelendi&#287;inde bunlara; &#231;arg&#226;h, n&#238;m hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z, nev&#226; perdeleri de eklenebilmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a> Hatta Abd&#252;lb&#226;ki Dede&#8217;de ayr&#305;ca h&#252;seyn&#238;, acem, gerd&#226;niyye perdelerinde karar veren terkibler bile bulunmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a> Arel, bu olu&#351;umlar&#305; dikkate almayarak, yukar&#305;da say&#305;lan perdeler aras&#305;nda sadece nim hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z perdesinde karar veren bir makam&#305; ele alm&#305;&#351;, onu da &#351;ed makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda tan&#305;tm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a></p><h2><strong>Kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k M&#252;rekkeb (Birle&#351;ik) Makam S&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda Bulunan Baz&#305; &#304;simler Hakk&#305;nda</strong></h2><p>Arel&#8217;in m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rmas&#305;nda dikkat &#231;ekici durum, kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k m&#252;rekkeb makamlar s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda verdi&#287;i &#246;rnek isimlerdir. Bu isimler aras&#305;nda; Seg&#226;h, Ir&#226;k, Sab&#226; ve Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r bulunmaktad&#305;r. Bunlar, bir sekizli i&#231;ine yabanc&#305; unsur kat&#305;lmas&#305;yla meydana getirilmi&#351;tir. &#304;smi verilen olu&#351;umlar&#305;n, bir dizi i&#231;inde meydana gelip gelmedi&#287;ini ve yabanc&#305; denilen unsuru b&#252;nyesinde bar&#305;nd&#305;r&#305;p bar&#305;nd&#305;rmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; veya hangi sebeple m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; ortaya &#231;&#305;karmak, konunun daha iyi anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305;na yard&#305;mc&#305; olacakt&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk musikisi tarihi s&#252;recinde makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda kabul g&#246;ren isimler daha sonra terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ya da terkib kabul edilen isimler, makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nabilmi&#351;tir. Bu durum, d&#246;nemlerin kendine has d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncelerin farkl&#305; olabilmesi sonucu ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#214;rnek verilecek olursa; Isfah&#226;n, 18. y&#252;zy&#305;lda terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndayken 19. y&#252;zy&#305;lda makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r. Ayn&#305; bi&#231;imde Hic&#226;z, Uzz&#226;l gibi isimler i&#231;in de bu ge&#231;erlidir. Fakat baz&#305; isimler vard&#305;r ki 17.-19. as&#305;rlarda makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda varl&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; korumu&#351;tur. Bunlar: Ir&#226;k, Sab&#226; ve Seg&#226;h&#8217;d&#305;r. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r, Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de makam, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r ki her ne kadar Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun m&#252;rekkeb makam tarifi Arel&#8217;in tarifiyle benzerlik g&#246;sterse de anlay&#305;&#351; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan baz&#305; farkl&#305;l&#305;klar ta&#351;&#305;maktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a> Kantemiro&#287;lu, seyirleri pek &#231;ok s&#305;n&#305;fa ay&#305;rm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a> M&#252;rekkeb makamlar da bunlardan biridir ve makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r fakat terkib de&#287;ildir. Bir makam&#305;n a&#231;&#305;klanmas&#305;nda ba&#351;ka makamlar&#305;n perdelerine ihtiya&#231; duymas&#305; veya bir makam&#305; ancak &#246;nemli birka&#231; perdeyi vermesi gerekti&#287;i durumlarda bu yola ba&#351;vurmu&#351; ve bunu &#8220;be&#351;&#8221; isimle s&#305;n&#305;rlam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede d&#246;neminde ise ana s&#305;n&#305;flar ikiye indirilerek esas na&#287;melere &#8220;makam&#8221;, bunlar&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kalan her olu&#351;uma &#8220;terkib&#8221; ismi verilmi&#351;tir. Burada Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r, makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da ad&#305; ge&#231;en Seg&#226;h makam&#305;, Arel&#8217;de m&#252;rekkeb makamd&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; be&#351;lisi ve d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; her ne kadar tam g&#246;r&#252;nse de<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a> d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; veya be&#351;inci perdesinde g&#252;&#231;l&#252; olu&#351;mad&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in &#8220;basit makam&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;namamaktad&#305;r. Tarifi a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir:</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Seg&#226;h (Arel):</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinin tiz taraf&#305;na bir hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n kat&#305;lmas&#305;ndan do&#287;mu&#351;tur. &#199;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;d&#305;r. G&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252; &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derece (yani nev&#226; perdesi)dir. Notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma koma bemoll&#252; &#8220;si&#8221; ile koma bemoll&#252; &#8220;mi&#8221; be bak&#305;yye diyezli &#8220;fa&#8221; i&#351;aretleri konulur.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png" width="437" height="138" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:138,&quot;width&quot;:437,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:30380,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3hbC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F678d00b9-1457-48b4-a8a4-983cd36e575c_437x138.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisine kat&#305;lan Hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; en ziyade duraktan daha a&#351;a&#287;&#305;ya do&#287;ru y&#252;r&#252;nd&#252;&#287;&#252; zaman meydana &#231;&#305;kar:</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png" width="444" height="68" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:68,&quot;width&quot;:444,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:21286,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0XhE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4317105-6128-4fc8-a139-fc33694fd059_444x68.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Bu vaziyete bak&#305;nca Hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252; Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinin tiz taraf&#305;na de&#287;il, pest taraf&#305;na eklenmi&#351; saymak hat&#305;r&#305;m&#305;za gelebilirse de makam&#305;n sonu ve dura&#287;&#305; seg&#226;h perdesi oldu&#287;u i&#231;in hakikatte ekleni&#351; tiz tarafad&#305;r. Zaten ayn&#305; aral&#305;klarla &#305;rak perdesine inip orada karar verdi&#287;imiz zaman R&#251;y-i Irak makam&#305;n&#305; yapm&#305;&#351; oluruz.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Seg&#226;h Mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Seyri: Durak veya g&#252;&#231;l&#252;den ba&#351;lan&#305;larak dizinin her taraf&#305;nda dola&#351;&#305;ld&#305;ktan sonra seg&#226;h perdesinde karar verilir. Arada ba&#351;ka ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kilerin yap&#305;lmas&#305;na m&#226;ni yoktur. Nitekim dizinin Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinden daha tiz taraflar&#305;na &#231;&#305;k&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; vakit Hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n yerine bir&#231;ok kere b&#251;selik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n veya be&#351;lisinin getirildi&#287;i g&#246;r&#252;l&#252;r:</em> (Arel, 1993, s. 293)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png" width="442" height="78" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:78,&quot;width&quot;:442,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:22251,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sa50!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b82ff11-b362-4afa-9173-f9b7f499a84f_442x78.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, tarifinde, Seg&#226;h&#8217;a ait bir dizi olu&#351;turmaktad&#305;r. Seg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisine, evc &#252;zerinde Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; eklenmi&#351;tir. Fakat bu Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;, evc yerine &#305;r&#226;k perdesinde olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. Karar yeri seg&#226;h perdesi oldu&#287;u i&#231;in evc &#252;zerindeki Hic&#226;z, hayalidir. Seyre durak (seg&#226;h) veya g&#252;&#231;l&#252;den (nev&#226;) ba&#351;lanmaktad&#305;r. Tiz taraflara &#231;&#305;k&#305;l&#305;rken evc &#252;zerindeki s&#246;zde Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; yerine, bir&#231;ok kez gerdaniyye &#252;zerinde B&#251;selik d&#246;rtl&#252; veya be&#351;lisi kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Seg&#226;h (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede):</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Perde-i seg&#226;hdan </em>[Seg&#226;h perdesinden]<em> &#257;g&#257;z id&#252;b </em>[ba&#351;lay&#305;p]<em>, d&#252;g&#226;h ve r&#257;st perdesi yine avded id&#252;b </em>[geri d&#246;n&#252;p]<em>, d&#252;g&#226;h ve seg&#226;h ve &#231;arg&#226;h ve nev&#257; perdesine su&#8217;&#363;d </em>[&#231;&#305;kar]<em>, ba&#8217;dehu </em>[daha sonra]<em> nev&#257;dan &#231;arg&#226;h ve seg&#226;h ve k&#252;rd&#238; perdesine h&#252;b&#363;t id&#252;b </em>[inip]<em>, k&#252;rd&#238; perdesinden d&#246;ner. Seg&#226;h perdesi g&#246;ster&#252;b anda </em>[orada]<em> kar&#257;r ider. Amm&#257; nev&#257; perdesinden yukaru h&#252;seyn&#238; ve evc ve gerd&#257;niyye ve muhayyer ve t&#238;z seg&#226;h perdesine dek ve r&#257;st perdesinden a&#351;a&#287;&#305; &#305;r&#257;k ve a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve yeg&#226;h perdesine dek seyri vard&#305;r.</em> (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 115)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin tarifinden Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n seg&#226;h perdesinden ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;; rast-nev&#226; perdeleri aras&#305;nda dola&#351;t&#305;ktan sonra k&#252;rd&#238; perdesi (tamamlayan perde, bug&#252;nk&#252; anlay&#305;&#351;la yeden<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a>) kullanarak seg&#226;hda karar verdi&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Bunun d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda seyirde s&#252;sleyenler olarak <em>tizde, </em>h&#252;seyn&#238;, evc, gerd&#226;niyye, muhayyer ve tiz seg&#226;h; <em>nermde</em>,<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a> &#305;rak, a&#351;&#238;ran ve yeg&#226;h perdeleri kullan&#305;labilmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png" width="427" height="76" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:76,&quot;width&quot;:427,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:19866,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8Yy0!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F21b92f57-85c0-427a-ac97-38f4b69e67ca_427x76.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Tarifinde Verilen Seg&#226;h Makam&#305;na Ait Perdeler ve G&#246;revleri</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki tarifler incelendi&#287;inde; Arel tarifinde Seg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n bir dizi haline getirilmeye &#231;al&#305;&#351;&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Makam&#305;n k&#252;rd&#238; tamamlayan perdesini kullanmas&#305; ve Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinde son tiz perdenin evc olmas&#305; sebebiyle evc &#252;zerinde hayali bir Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; olu&#351;turulmu&#351;tur. Makamda karar yerinin seg&#226;h olmas&#305; ve seg&#226;hdan nerme dizinin tamamlanamayaca&#287;&#305; a&#231;&#305;klamas&#305;yla, k&#252;rdi yedeni; &#305;rak &#252;zerinde olu&#351;an Hic&#226;z&#8217;&#305;n bir par&#231;as&#305; olarak g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede tarifi ve besteler incelendi&#287;inde, Arel tarifi aras&#305;nda &#252;&#231; &#246;nemli fark&#305;n ortaya &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Birincisi; makama ait esas seyrin a&#231;&#305;klanmamas&#305;d&#305;r. Gelene&#287;e g&#246;re son derece &#246;nemli olan &#8220;esas seyir alan&#305;&#8221;, tarifte verilmemi&#351;tir. &#304;kincisi; S-T-K-T aral&#305;klar&#305;ndan olu&#351;an be&#351;liye &#8220;Seg&#226;h&#8221; denilmesidir. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde Seg&#226;h makam&#305; tariflerinde ve notalarda, &#8220;K&#8221; aral&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; olu&#351;turan &#8220;dik his&#226;r&#8221; (pest h&#252;seyn&#238;)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a> perdesi kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">As&#305;rlard&#305;r Seg&#226;h makam&#305;nda kullan&#305;lan h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesinin neden dik his&#226;ra/pest h&#252;seyn&#238;ye d&#246;n&#252;&#351;t&#252;&#287;&#252; ise yeterince ele al&#305;nmayan konular aras&#305;ndad&#305;r. 17.-19. y&#252;zy&#305;llar aras&#305;nda yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ve g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze kadar ula&#351;m&#305;&#351; Seg&#226;h besteler notaya al&#305;n&#305;rken, o d&#246;nemlere ait nazari tarifler dikkate al&#305;nmaks&#305;z&#305;n h&#252;seyni perdesi pestletilmi&#351;tir. Asl&#305;nda Ir&#226;k makam&#305;na ait olan bu d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; perdedeki pestleme, Seg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n perdeleri aras&#305;nda kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-18" href="#footnote-18" target="_self">18</a> &#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252;s&#252; ise evc veya &#305;r&#226;k &#252;zerinde Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n kullan&#305;lmas&#305;d&#305;r. Seg&#226;h makam&#305;nda s&#305;k&#231;a kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; g&#246;r&#252;len ve hatta makam&#305;n as&#305;l perdeleri aras&#305;nda kabul edilen &#8220;k&#252;rd&#238;&#8221; tamamlayan&#305;, Arel&#8217;e g&#246;re evc veya &#305;r&#226;k &#252;zerinde Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;yle a&#231;&#305;klanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Seg&#226;h makam&#305;nda &#246;nemli bir yere sahip olan k&#252;rd&#238; perdesini &#305;r&#226;k &#252;zerindeki Hic&#226;z d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;yle a&#231;&#305;klamak, nazariyat ve icra ad&#305;na Seg&#226;h makam&#305; i&#231;in uygun g&#246;r&#252;nmemektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;de m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nan di&#287;er bir isim Ir&#226;k&#8217;t&#305;r. Makam&#305;n, m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nma sebebi hem b&#252;nyesinde Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305; bulundurmas&#305; hem de g&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derecede yer almas&#305;d&#305;r. Ir&#226;k makam&#305; hakk&#305;nda &#351;unlar&#305; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r:</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Ir&#226;k (Arel):</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Irak perdesindeki Seg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; ile d&#252;g&#226;h perdesindeki U&#351;&#351;ak d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n birle&#351;tirilmesinden has&#305;l olmu&#351;tur. Bazen bunlara nev&#226; perdesindeki B&#251;selik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; de ilave edilir. Irak mak&#226;m&#305; &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;d&#305;r. Notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma &#8220;si&#8221; koma bemol&#252; ile &#8220;fa&#8221; bak&#305;yye diyezi i&#351;aretleri konulur.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png" width="405" height="62" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:62,&quot;width&quot;:405,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:18153,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dA-8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8eb79969-2c56-4e4f-a5f7-35aa581e1032_405x62.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Irak Mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Seyri: Irak perdesindeki Seg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; ile d&#252;g&#226;h perdesindeki U&#351;&#351;ak d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;nde gezinildikten ve e&#287;er istenilirse bu araya nev&#226; perdesindeki B&#251;selik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; de kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;ld&#305;ktan sonra &#305;rak perdesindeki Seg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;ne avdet edilerek </em>[geri d&#246;n&#252;lerek]<em> o perdede karar verilir. Irak perdesindeki Seg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;nde dola&#351;&#305;l&#305;rken, bilhassa &#305;rak perdesinde karar verilirken yeden olarak ekseriya acema&#351;iran perdesinin kullan&#305;lmas&#305; &#226;dettendir. Bu &#231;er&#231;eve i&#231;inde ba&#351;ka ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kiler yap&#305;labilir.</em> (Arel, 1993, s. 179-180)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, makam&#305;, Seg&#226;h ve U&#351;&#351;&#226;k olmak &#252;zere iki adet d&#246;rtl&#252;yle olu&#351;turmu&#351;tur. Bazen bunlara, nev&#226; &#252;zerinde B&#251;selik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; de eklenmektedir. Di&#287;er d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liler s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda be&#351;li olarak verilen Seg&#226;h, burada d&#246;rtl&#252; olarak kar&#351;&#305;m&#305;za &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;ki Dede&#8217;deki tan&#305;m a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir:</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ir&#226;k (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede):</strong> </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>D&#252;g&#226;h perdesinden &#257;g&#257;z </em>[ba&#351;lar]<em> ve r&#257;st ve &#305;r&#257;k perdesine h&#252;b&#363;t id&#252;b </em>[inerek]<em> anda </em>[orada]<em> kar&#257;r ider. Amm&#257; d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinden yukaru seg&#226;h ve &#231;arg&#226;h ve nev&#257; ve h&#252;seyn&#238; ve evc perdesine dek ve &#305;r&#257;k perdesinden a&#351;a&#287;&#305; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve yeg&#226;h perdesine dek seyri vard&#305;r&#8230;</em> (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s.127)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de makam&#305;n as&#305;l seyrinde d&#252;g&#226;h, rast ve &#305;r&#226;k perdelerinin kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;, tize ve nerme geni&#351;lemede yeg&#226;h, a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, seg&#226;h, &#231;arg&#226;h, nev&#226;, h&#252;seyn&#238; ve evcin kullan&#305;labilece&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png" width="456" height="88" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:88,&quot;width&quot;:456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:19322,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EeDl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9f488e6a-3882-4d0b-a905-f5123c4cc4f4_456x88.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Tarifinde Verilen Ir&#226;k Makam&#305;na Ait Perdeler ve G&#246;revleri</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, S-T-K aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n olu&#351;turdu&#287;u d&#246;rtl&#252;ye her ne kadar Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinden yard&#305;m alarak Seg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; ad&#305;n&#305; verse de Bestenig&#226;r, Beste-Isfah&#226;n ve H&#252;zz&#226;m-&#305; Ced&#238;d m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n&#305;n tarifinde ayn&#305; aral&#305;klara sahip d&#246;rtl&#252;y&#252; bu defa Ir&#226;k d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; olarak ifadelendirmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-19" href="#footnote-19" target="_self">19</a> Tarifte e&#287;er Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n be&#351;lisi kullan&#305;lsayd&#305; nim hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z perdesi de bu olu&#351;uma dahil edilmek zorunda kal&#305;n&#305;rd&#305; ki Ir&#226;k seyri i&#231;inde bu perde kullan&#305;lmamaktad&#305;r. Yukar&#305;da Seg&#226;h makam&#305; bahsinde de a&#231;&#305;kland&#305;&#287;&#305; gibi Ir&#226;k makam&#305; i&#231;in &#305;r&#226;k &#252;zerinde Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n oldu&#287;unu ifade etmek hem Seg&#226;h hem de Ir&#226;k makam&#305; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan tutarl&#305;l&#305;k ve ge&#231;erlilik ta&#351;&#305;mamaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ir&#226;k makam&#305;, m&#252;stakil olarak kullan&#305;lmas&#305; pek tercih edilmese de terkib olu&#351;turmada &#246;nemli bir role sahiptir ve pek &#231;ok makam veya terkibden yeni terkib olu&#351;umunu sa&#287;lamaktad&#305;r. Bununla birlikte Ir&#226;k makam&#305;n&#305;n tam olarak bilinmemesi, ister istemez kendisine ait olan na&#287;melerin Seg&#226;h ad&#305;yla an&#305;lmas&#305;na neden olmu&#351;tur.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-20" href="#footnote-20" target="_self">20</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan fakat Arel&#8217;de birle&#351;ik makamdan say&#305;lan di&#287;er bir isim de Sab&#226;&#8217;d&#305;r. Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n eksik d&#246;rtl&#252; ve makama ait g&#252;&#231;l&#252;n&#252;n &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derecede olmas&#305; sebebiyle m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Sab&#226; (Arel)</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>&#199;arg&#226;h perdesinde Hicaz-Zirg&#252;le dizisiyle Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n birbirine kat&#305;lmas&#305;ndan has&#305;l olmu&#351;tur</em>.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-21" href="#footnote-21" target="_self">21</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png" width="417" height="131" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:131,&quot;width&quot;:417,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:28629,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0vMT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa7337c7-badb-4472-856b-38babceb579f_417x131.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Sab&#226; Mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Seyri: G&#252;&#231;l&#252; olan &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinde ehemmiyet verilmek suretiyle dizinin her taraf&#305;nda dola&#351;&#305;larak nihayet d&#252;g&#226;hda karar verilir. Arada ba&#351;ka ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kilerin yap&#305;lmas&#305;na m&#226;ni yoktur.</em> (Arel, 1993, s. 247)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;in tarifinde di&#287;er d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liler aras&#305;nda bulunan ve K-S-S aral&#305;klar&#305;ndan olu&#351;an d&#246;rtl&#252;, Sab&#226; ad&#305;yla an&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Buna bir de &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde kendi olu&#351;turdu&#287;u Zeng&#251;le dizisini (S-A-S-T + S-A-S) eklemi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-22" href="#footnote-22" target="_self">22</a></p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Sab&#226; (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede)</strong>: </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Perde-i &#231;arg&#226;hdan &#257;g&#257;z id&#252;b </em>[ba&#351;lay&#305;p]<em>, fevkinde </em>[&#252;st&#252;nde]<em> sab&#257; perdesine su&#8217;&#363;d </em>[&#231;&#305;kar]<em> andan yine &#231;arg&#226;h ve seg&#226;h ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdesine h&#252;b&#363;t id&#252;b </em>[inip]<em> anda </em>[orada]<em> kar&#257;r ider. Amm&#257; sab&#257; perdesinden yukaru h&#252;seyn&#238; ve acem ve gerd&#257;niyye ve muhayyer perdesine dek ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinden a&#351;a&#287;&#305; r&#257;st perdesine seyri vard&#305;r</em>. (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 123)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede, makam&#305; &#231;arg&#226;hdan ba&#351;latarak sab&#226;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdelerinden olu&#351;turuldu&#287;unu, seyrinde tize do&#287;ru h&#252;seyn&#238;, acem, gerd&#226;niyye ve muhayyer; nerme do&#287;ru ise rast perdesini kullanabilece&#287;ini yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png" width="454" height="90" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:90,&quot;width&quot;:454,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:17725,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gCzm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F09bab8bc-813b-4996-ba5e-8acf23dbfe18_454x90.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Tarifinde Verilen Sab&#226; Makam&#305;na Ait Perdeler ve G&#246;revleri</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Asl&#305;nda Arel&#8217;de verilen Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;, Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de esas alanda kullan&#305;lan perdelerden olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. Sab&#226;&#8217;n&#305;n as&#305;l na&#287;mesinin bu d&#246;rtl&#252; i&#231;inde bulundu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Fakat Arel nazariyesinde, Sab&#226; dizisi i&#231;inde Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n tam d&#246;rtl&#252; olmamas&#305;, makam&#305; &#8220;birle&#351;ik&#8221; yapmaktad&#305;r. Arel ayr&#305;ca, makam&#305;n tize do&#287;ru geni&#351;lemesinde 19. y&#252;zy&#305;ldan sonra kullan&#305;lan &#351;ehn&#226;z/tiz dik &#351;&#251;r&#238; perdesini dizi i&#231;ine alarak kendi olu&#351;turdu&#287;u Zeng&#251;le (Zirg&#252;le) dizisini &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine ta&#351;&#305;m&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Besteler incelendi&#287;inde asl&#305;nda hic&#226;z/dik sab&#226;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-23" href="#footnote-23" target="_self">23</a> perdesinin &#231;arg&#226;h &#252;zerindeki Zeng&#251;le dizisinden ziyade &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdeleriyle bir b&#252;t&#252;n olarak d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lerek kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Tize do&#287;ru geni&#351;lemelerde ise her ne kadar &#351;ehn&#226;z/tiz dik &#351;&#251;r&#238; perdesiyle &#231;arg&#226;h &#252;zerinde Arel&#8217;in Zeng&#251;le dizisi ortaya &#231;&#305;ksa da 19. y&#252;zy&#305;l &#246;ncesi yap&#305;lan Sab&#226; bestelerde asl&#305;nda muhayyer perdesinin tercih edildi&#287;i de unutulmamal&#305;d&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-24" href="#footnote-24" target="_self">24</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;de makam, Arel&#8217;de m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan bir di&#287;er isim ise Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r&#8217;dur. Makamda kullan&#305;lan d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liler tam olmas&#305;na ra&#287;men g&#252;&#231;l&#252;, &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; perdedeki nev&#226;d&#305;r.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p><strong>Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r (Arel)</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>B&#251;selik perdesinde U&#351;&#351;ak d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n tiz taraf&#305;na bir k&#252;rdi d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n eklenmesiyle beraber bu k&#252;rdi d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n tize do&#287;ru ikinci perdesinden itibaren bir de &#231;arg&#226;h be&#351;lisinin araya s&#305;k&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;ndan do&#287;mu&#351;tur. Fazla olarak nev&#226; perdesindeki B&#251;selik sekizlisi dahi dizinin i&#231;inde meydana gelir. Ni&#351;&#226;bur mak&#226;m&#305; &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;d&#305;r. G&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252; &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derece olan nevad&#305;r. Notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma yaln&#305;z do bak&#305;yye diyezi i&#351;areti konulur.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png" width="414" height="186" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:186,&quot;width&quot;:414,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:50080,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!skmZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4e4e8fe5-2691-4f9e-89f4-7b19c4ab95d7_414x186.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Ni&#351;&#226;bur Mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Seyri: G&#252;&#231;l&#252; ile ba&#351;lan&#305;larak Ni&#351;&#226;bur m&#252;rekkep dizisinin her taraf&#305;nda dola&#351;&#305;ld&#305;ktan sonra d&#246;n&#252;l&#252;p b&#251;selik perdesinde karar verilir. Arada ba&#351;ka ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kilerin yap&#305;lmas&#305;na m&#226;ni yoktur</em>. (Arel, 1993, s. 305)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r&#8217;un, b&#251;selik &#252;zerindeki U&#351;&#351;&#226;k d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;ne (K-S-T), h&#252;seyn&#238; &#252;zerinde K&#252;rd&#238; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n (B-T-T) eklenmesiyle olu&#351;tu&#287;unu; bunun yan&#305;nda, acem &#252;zerindeki &#199;arg&#226;h be&#351;lisinin (T-T-B-T), nev&#226; &#252;zerindeki B&#251;selik sekizlisinin (T-B-T-T + S-A-S) de d&#226;hil oldu&#287;unu belirtmi&#351;tir.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede)</strong>:</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Perde-i nev&#257;dan &#257;g&#257;z id&#252;b </em>[ba&#351;lay&#305;p]<em>, h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesi andan </em>[oradan]<em> yine nev&#257; ve hic&#257;z perdesi ile b&#363;selik perdesine gel&#252;b anda </em>[orada]<em> kar&#257;r ider. Amm&#257; h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesinden yukaru acem ve gerd&#257;niyye ve muhayyer ve t&#238;z seg&#226;h ve t&#238;z b&#363;selik perdesine dek ve b&#363;selik perdesinden a&#351;a&#287;&#305; d&#252;g&#226;h perdesine seyri vard&#305;r</em>. (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 117)</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede i&#231;in Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r, nev&#226;dan ba&#351;layan h&#252;seyn&#238;, nev&#226;, hic&#226;z ve b&#251;selik perdeleriyle na&#287;mesi olu&#351;turulan, en sonunda b&#251;selikte karar veren bir makamd&#305;r. Seyrinde tize do&#287;ru acem, gerd&#226;niyye, muhayyer, tiz seg&#226;h ve tiz b&#251;selik perdelerini; nerme do&#287;ru da d&#252;g&#226;h perdesini kullanabilmektedir:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png" width="466" height="88" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:88,&quot;width&quot;:466,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:19417,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LCQl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22816023-b46e-442b-a280-193114fcc489_466x88.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Tarifinde Verilen Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r Makam&#305;na Ait Perdeler ve G&#246;revleri</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r seyrini olu&#351;turulabilecek d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;lileri bir araya getirmi&#351;, hatta buna bir de dizi eklemi&#351;tir. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r tarifinde her ne kadar tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;li kullan&#305;lsa da g&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; perde olmas&#305;, makam&#305;n m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ta&#351;&#305;nmas&#305;na sebep olmu&#351;tur. Tan&#305;mda ilk verilen d&#246;rtl&#252;, b&#251;selik &#252;zerindeki &#8220;U&#351;&#351;&#226;k&#8221; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;d&#252;r. &#304;lk duyu&#351;ta son derece tuhaf ve Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r karakterine ters gelen bu isimlendirme, asl&#305;nda Arel nazariyesine ayk&#305;r&#305; bir durum de&#287;ildir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; Arel&#8217;de -di&#287;er d&#246;rtl&#252;lerin olu&#351;umu gibi- U&#351;&#351;&#226;k d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;, sadece K, S ve T aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n yan yana gelerek olu&#351;turdu&#287;u bir d&#246;rtl&#252;den ibarettir. U&#351;&#351;&#226;k na&#287;mesiyle ilgisi yoktur. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r dizisinde nim hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-25" href="#footnote-25" target="_self">25</a> perdesi tercih edildi&#287;i i&#231;in b&#251;selik &#252;zerinde K-S-T aral&#305;klar&#305; meydana gelmektedir. Fakat daha &#246;nce de belirtildi&#287;i gibi bu aral&#305;klar, orada U&#351;&#351;&#226;k yap&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; anlam&#305;n&#305; ta&#351;&#305;mamaktad&#305;r. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r na&#287;meleri dikkatle dinlenildi&#287;inde ve 17.-19. y&#252;zy&#305;l tarifleri incelendi&#287;inde, seyirde, nim hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z&#305;n de&#287;il &#8220;hic&#226;z&#8221; perdesinin kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; ve hatta b&#251;selik perdesinin de biraz dikletildi&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-26" href="#footnote-26" target="_self">26</a> Bu durum g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;nde bulunduruldu&#287;unda b&#251;selik &#252;zerinde U&#351;&#351;&#226;k&#8217;tan ziyade B&#251;selik (T-B-T) d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. H&#252;seyn&#238; &#252;zerinde K&#252;rd&#238; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; ve acem &#252;zerinde de &#199;arg&#226;h d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;nden ziyade nev&#226; &#252;zerinde B&#251;selik be&#351;lisi ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Fakat burada Arel&#8217;in verdi&#287;i B&#251;selik dizisi yoktur. Kendisi de zaten her ne kadar nev&#226; &#252;zerinde B&#251;selik sekizlisi oldu&#287;unu yazsa da portede sesleri s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesine kadar vermi&#351;tir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; tiz nim hic&#226;z/tiz pest hic&#226;z perdesinin de d&#226;hil edilmesi, ortaya Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r&#8217;dan bamba&#351;ka bir olu&#351;um &#231;&#305;karacakt&#305;r.</p><h2><strong>Arel&#8217;e G&#246;re M&#252;rekkeb (Birle&#351;ik) Makamlar&#305;n Mahzurlar&#305;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, yaz&#305;s&#305;nda, m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n -b&#252;nyelerindeki gedikten dolay&#305;- mahzurlar&#305; oldu&#287;unu belirtmi&#351;tir. B&#252;nyedeki gedik, m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n ge&#231;kiden do&#287;mas&#305;, ge&#231;kide ise hududun bulunmamas&#305;d&#305;r. Buna g&#246;re her bir ge&#231;kiyi farkl&#305; bir makam ismiyle ay&#305;r&#305;p isimlendirmenin sonu gelmeyecektir. Arel, m&#252;rekkeb makam fikrinin do&#287;mas&#305;na basit makamlardan baz&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n yap&#305;l&#305;&#351;&#305;ndaki d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;li farklar&#305;n&#305;n sebep olabilece&#287;inden bahsetmi&#351; ve bu halin ilham&#305;yla dizilere ge&#231;kilerin sokulabilece&#287;i d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesinin &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; ve i&#351;in ifrata giderek bug&#252;nk&#252; halini ald&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Yeni makam (asl&#305;nda terkib) icat etmede, &#231;o&#287;unlukla padi&#351;ahlardan ihsan almaya ve mucitlik &#351;erefini kazanmaya vesile olu&#351;unun da bestek&#226;rlar&#305; bu yola itmi&#351; olabilece&#287;inden bahsetmektedir. Bu fikirlere ilk nazarda hakl&#305;l&#305;k pay&#305; verilse de gelenekte terkiblerin nas&#305;l ve hangi sebeple olu&#351;turuldu&#287;unun hat&#305;rlanmas&#305;, bu nazara ait ba&#351;ka a&#231;&#305;lar&#305;n da olabilece&#287;ini g&#246;sterecektir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk musikisinde makamlar, temel na&#287;melere verilen isimlerden olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. (Rast, U&#351;&#351;&#226;k, Seg&#226;h, H&#252;seyn&#238;, Hic&#226;z, Sab&#226;, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r, Nih&#226;vend vb.) Bu na&#287;melerin asl&#305;nda s&#252;sleyen perdelere veya diziye ihtiyac&#305; yoktur. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; makamlar, az say&#305;da perdeyle kendilerini rahatl&#305;kla ifade edebilmekte ve duyulduklar&#305;nda, birbirlerinden kolayl&#305;kla ay&#305;rt edilebilmektedir. Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin <em>Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k</em> isimli risalesi incelendi&#287;inde makamlar&#305;n bir c&#252;mleyle a&#231;&#305;klanabilir oldu&#287;u ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Terkibler ise makamlara ilave edilen perde/perdeler veya na&#287;me/na&#287;melerle veya birden fazla makam/terkibin birle&#351;mesiyle olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. Kudema a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan makama veya olu&#351;turulan terkibe ayk&#305;r&#305; her durum, yeni bir terkibi meydana getirmekte ve yeni bir ismi beraberinde getirmektedir. Asl&#305;nda &#8220;yeni terkib&#8221;, &#8220;yeni ezgi &#231;e&#351;itlemesi&#8221; anlam&#305;na gelmektedir. Ge&#231;mi&#351;ten g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze her y&#252;zy&#305;lda farkl&#305; terkibler icat edilmi&#351;tir. 19. y&#252;zy&#305;l da bunlardan biridir. Yeni terkib isimleri; o d&#246;nemin icatlar&#305;ndan, eski terkiplerin yeniden isimlendirilmesinden ve baz&#305; bestelerde kullan&#305;lan ezgilerin adland&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;ndan m&#252;te&#351;ekkildir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-27" href="#footnote-27" target="_self">27</a> Arel, Abd&#252;lb&#226;ki Dede&#8217;de tarifi bulunan pek &#231;ok terkibi, tarifleri aras&#305;na almam&#305;&#351;; risalede bulunmayan di&#287;er baz&#305; terkibleri de eklemesine ra&#287;men m&#252;rekkeb makam say&#305;s&#305;n&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;rm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-28" href="#footnote-28" target="_self">28</a> Yaz&#305;s&#305;nda m&#252;rekkeb makam (terkib) &#252;retiminde padi&#351;ahlar&#305;n veya mucitlik &#351;erefinin bir pay&#305; oldu&#287;unu ifade etse de belki mucitli&#287;in &#8220;sadece bir isim icat etmekten&#8221; veya &#8220;birka&#231; makam&#305; bir araya getirmekten mi&#8221; yoksa &#8220;yeni bir ezginin olu&#351;turulmas&#305;ndan m&#305;&#8221; ibaret olup olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;n d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmesi gerekmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, makam olu&#351;turmada baz&#305; isimleri (Bestenig&#226;r, Seg&#226;h-M&#226;ye, vb.) ayr&#305; tutup bunlar&#305;n d&#226;hiyane bulu&#351;lar oldu&#287;unu, hatta m&#252;rekkeb makamlar aras&#305;nda ya&#351;amaya ger&#231;ekten lay&#305;k olan veya olmayan, ya&#351;ayaca&#287;&#305; muhakkak veya muhtemel say&#305;lan m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n oldu&#287;unu yazarken, ister istemez &#351;ahsi g&#246;r&#252;&#351;lerini yans&#305;tm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-29" href="#footnote-29" target="_self">29</a> Zaman&#305;nda makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan bir olu&#351;umun daha sonra terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na veya terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan bir ismin daha sonra makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ge&#231;mesi ne kadar tabii ise as&#305;rlarca farkl&#305; zevklerden farkl&#305; terkiblerin ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305; da gayet tabiidir. Gelece&#287;in hangi yeni zevkleri meydana getirece&#287;i ya da hangi eski zevkleri yeniden ortaya &#231;&#305;karaca&#287;&#305; belli de&#287;ildir. Bununla birlikte ki&#351;ilerde zevk farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;, her zaman ya&#351;anan bir ger&#231;ek olacakt&#305;r. Her bir terkib, bir devrin veya bir ki&#351;inin icad&#305;d&#305;r ve ya&#351;at&#305;lmas&#305;nda hi&#231;bir m&#226;ni yoktur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, her ne kadar birle&#351;ik makamlar&#305; m&#252;stakil birer varl&#305;k olarak nazara ald&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; ve her bestek&#226;r taraf&#305;ndan istenildik&#231;e kullan&#305;laca&#287;&#305;n&#305;n su g&#246;t&#252;rmez bir hakikat oldu&#287;unu belirtse de bir o kadar ezgi i&#231;inde yap&#305;lacak her ge&#231;kiyi isimlendirmenin de gereksiz oldu&#287;unu savunmu&#351;tur. 19. y&#252;zy&#305;lda yaz&#305;lan <em>Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k</em>&#8217;in zeyl (ek) b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;, III. Sel&#238;m&#8217;in buyru&#287;uyla haz&#305;rlanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-30" href="#footnote-30" target="_self">30</a> Bunun yan&#305;nda eserlerde bulunan farkl&#305; ezgilere de isim verilmi&#351;tir. Burada ister istemez her yenili&#287;in veya farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n isimlendirilerek terkib k&#252;lliyat&#305;na d&#226;hil edilmesi s&#246;z konusudur. Bir bestecinin belli bir makam veya terkible ortaya &#231;&#305;kard&#305;&#287;&#305; eserde, makama veya terkibe ayk&#305;r&#305; baz&#305; kullan&#305;mlar meydana gelebilmektedir. Ama&#231; burada ortaya &#231;&#305;kan g&#252;zelli&#287;i veya farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; isim halinde kal&#305;pla&#351;t&#305;rmakt&#305;r. Pek &#231;ok terkibin tarifinin verilmesi ne kadar gereksiz g&#246;r&#252;lse de incelenen bestelerden &#231;o&#287;u (beste, &#351;ark&#305;, t&#252;rk&#252; vs.), bu terkiblerden biriyle yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bir ezgideki farkl&#305; olu&#351;uma, onu olu&#351;turan ki&#351;i isim vermese de birileri mutlaka verecektir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; kasti yap&#305;lan farkl&#305; kullan&#305;mlar, ister istemez isimlendirmeyi zorunlu k&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk musikisinde her duyguya bir isim verme gelene&#287;i oldu&#287;unun unutulmamas&#305; gerekmektedir. Burada as&#305;l konu, yapboz gibi bir mant&#305;kla yeni terkibler &#252;retme u&#287;ra&#351;&#305;ndan ziyade g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze kadar ula&#351;m&#305;&#351; bestelerde na&#287;melerin veya na&#287;me farkl&#305;l&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n tespiti ve bunlar aras&#305;nda ger&#231;ekten bir farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n olup olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;n ortaya konulmas&#305;d&#305;r. Bir terkib ya da makamda, seyri i&#231;inde etraf&#305;nda d&#246;nmeyi tercih etti&#287;i veya kal&#305;&#351;lar yapt&#305;&#287;&#305; merkez perde d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda perde/perdeler olabilmektedir. Bu onlar&#305; elbette farkl&#305; bir terkib ismiyle anmay&#305; gerektirmemektedir. Farkl&#305;l&#305;k, terkibe veya makama &#246;zg&#252; bir na&#287;me i&#231;inde de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;in yap&#305;lmas&#305;yla alakal&#305;d&#305;r. Makam veya terkipleri iyi anlayabilmek, bug&#252;ne kadar icat edilmi&#351; terkipleri &#246;&#287;renmekten ve bunlar&#305; kronolojik olarak s&#305;raya dizmekten ge&#231;mektedir. Bir terkibin hangi makamdan veya terkibden ortaya &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; bilmek ve makam-terkib olu&#351;umunu anlamak, her &#351;eyden &#246;nce makam-terkib analizcileri i&#231;in gereklilik arz etmektedir. Aksi taktirde Arel nazariyesinde tarifleri verilen basit ve birle&#351;ik makamlar&#305;n veya d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;lilerin d&#305;&#351;&#305;na &#231;&#305;k&#305;lamayacak ve as&#305;ls&#305;z senaryolar&#305;n ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;na engel olunamayacakt&#305;r.</p><h2><strong>Sonu&#231;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Bir musiki terimine verilen anlam&#305;n d&#246;nemlere g&#246;re farkl&#305;l&#305;k g&#246;stermesi, ilmi ortamda tabii g&#246;r&#252;lse de bir terime, ki&#351;iye veya ki&#351;ilere g&#246;re farkl&#305; anlamlar y&#252;klenmesi, ancak belli bir s&#305;n&#305;ra kadar tabii say&#305;lacakt&#305;r. Arel nazariyesiyle makam ve terkib terimlerinin anlam&#305;, 17.-19. y&#252;zy&#305;l anlay&#305;&#351;lar&#305;na g&#246;re farkl&#305;l&#305;k g&#246;stermi&#351;tir. Sistemci nazariyedeki devir anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;, bu nazariyeyle tekrar g&#252;ndeme getirilmi&#351; ve T&#252;rk musikisini ifade etmede yeterli oldu&#287;u d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lerek g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde pek &#231;ok ilmi ortamda kabul g&#246;rm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r. Burada dizi temelli bir anlay&#305;&#351; s&#246;z konusudur. Dizi temelli anlay&#305;&#351;ta makam-terkib i&#231;inde kullan&#305;lan b&#252;t&#252;n perdelerin birbiri ard&#305;nca s&#305;ralanmas&#305; s&#246;z konusudur. Bu durum, kullan&#305;lan perdelerin her ne kadar d&#252;zenli bir &#351;ekilde bir araya gelmesini sa&#287;lasa da makam olu&#351;umunda perdeden sonra gelen en &#246;nemli unsur olan &#8220;seyrin&#8221;, ikinci plana al&#305;nmas&#305;na neden olmu&#351;tur. Makama ait seyir, s&#305;ral&#305; perdeler i&#231;inde &#226;gaz/ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231;, kutb/merkez ve karar yerinin belirtilerek, makam&#305;n meydana &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305; as&#305;l alan&#305; ifade etmek i&#231;in kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu alan, makama ait hususi na&#287;menin ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305; i&#231;in ortam olu&#351;turmaktad&#305;r. Bir makam&#305;n tarifi verilirken sadece dizisinin verilmesi, seyrinin &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;, inici, inici-&#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305; oldu&#287;unun belirtilmesi, makama ait as&#305;l na&#287;menin nas&#305;l olu&#351;tu&#287;unu anlatmak yerine makamda kullan&#305;lan perdeleri d&#246;rtl&#252; be&#351;lilere g&#246;re ay&#305;rarak s&#305;ralamaktan ve seyrin durak, g&#252;&#231;l&#252; veya tiz duraktan ba&#351;lamas&#305; gerekti&#287;ini ifade etmekten ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey de&#287;ildir. Dikkat edilecek olursa, Kantemiro&#287;lu veya Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;ye ait makam tariflerinde makam&#305;n as&#305;l olu&#351;tu&#287;u alan ve bu alanda kullan&#305;lan esas perdeler belirtildikten sonra s&#252;sleyen veya geni&#351;lemede kullan&#305;lan perdeler verilmektedir. &#304;smi ge&#231;en perdelerin hepsi bir araya getirilerek bir dizi olu&#351;turulabilse de burada maksat, diziyi d&#246;rtl&#252; be&#351;lilere ay&#305;rmak yerine makam&#305; meydana getiren esas perdelerin, nazari seyrin ve hangi perdelerle s&#252;slenebilece&#287;i bilgisinin verilmesidir. Terkib ise bir makam&#305;n esas seyri veya na&#287;mesinin, farkl&#305; na&#287;me ya da na&#287;melerle de&#287;i&#351;tirilmesidir. Yani bir na&#287;me kal&#305;b&#305;n&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;na &#231;&#305;k&#305;lmas&#305; veya na&#287;melerin bir araya getirilmesidir. Makamlar aras&#305;nda her farkl&#305; na&#287;meye nas&#305;l farkl&#305; isim veriliyorsa, na&#287;melerin &#231;e&#351;itlendirilmesiyle meydana gelen terkiblere de farkl&#305; isimler verilmi&#351;tir. Terkib, yeni olu&#351;umlar&#305;n genel bir ad&#305;d&#305;r. Burada &#8220;yeni terkib icat etmek&#8221;, asl&#305;nda &#8220;yeni bir ezginin meydana getirilmesi&#8221; anlam&#305;n&#305; ta&#351;&#305;maktad&#305;r. Unutulsun unutulmas&#305;n, kullan&#305;ls&#305;n kullan&#305;lmas&#305;n, ge&#231;mi&#351;te icat edilen her terkibin &#246;&#287;renilmesi, bir bak&#305;ma musikinin ezgi tarihinin &#246;&#287;renilmesidir. Ayn&#305; perdelerle olu&#351;turulan pek &#231;ok makam ve terkib vard&#305;r. Bunlar&#305;n neden farkl&#305; isimlerle an&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;n fark&#305;na var&#305;lmas&#305;, T&#252;rk musiki sanat&#305;n&#305;n &#246;&#287;renilmesinde at&#305;lacak en b&#252;y&#252;k ad&#305;m olacakt&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nazariye, belli bir k&#252;lt&#252;re ait musikinin yaz&#305;yla ya da s&#246;zle ifadesi sonucu ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Ortada bir musiki vard&#305;r ve nazariye, bu musikiyi bir sistem d&#226;hilinde a&#231;&#305;klamaya &#231;al&#305;&#351;&#305;r. Burada gelene&#287;in ve ilmi de&#287;erlerin &#246;nemli bir yeri vard&#305;r. Her d&#246;nemde musiki nam&#305;na nazariyede yenili&#287;in veya de&#287;i&#351;imin meydana gelmesine engel olunamamas&#305;n&#305;n sebebi, d&#246;nemin ya&#351;ayan musikisinde olu&#351;an yenilikler veya de&#287;i&#351;imdir. Nazariye, her zaman d&#246;nemin musikisine hizmet etmi&#351;tir ve edecektir. Sistemci nazariyeden sonra Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede, kendi d&#246;nemlerinde icra edilen musikiyi bir sistem &#231;er&#231;evesinde a&#231;&#305;klamaya &#231;al&#305;&#351;m&#305;&#351; ve bu sistem, 20. y&#252;zy&#305;la kadar ge&#231;erlili&#287;ini s&#252;rd&#252;rm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r. 20. y&#252;zy&#305;lla birlikte Sistemci Nazariye tekrar ele al&#305;nm&#305;&#351; ve &#252;zerinde yap&#305;lan baz&#305; de&#287;i&#351;ikliklere -Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; baz&#305; terimler de eklenerek- yeni bir sistem ortaya &#231;&#305;kar&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Repertuvarda yine musiki vard&#305;r ama bu defa nazariye, musikiye hizmet etmemi&#351;; musiki, nazariyeye hizmet etmeye ba&#351;lam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; olu&#351;turulan yeni nazariye, gelenek temelli nazariyeden farkl&#305; bir hale b&#252;r&#252;nd&#252;r&#252;lerek musiki, kendi kurallar&#305; &#231;er&#231;evesinde a&#231;&#305;klanmaya &#231;al&#305;&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#350;imdiye kadar ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351; ve gelene&#287;in bir &#252;r&#252;n&#252; olan eserlerin/bestelerin, onlar&#305; ifade etmede yetersiz kalan bir nazariyeyle a&#231;&#305;klanmas&#305; da ortaya, anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305; g&#252;&#231; fikirler toplulu&#287;unun &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;na vesile olmu&#351;tur. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Temeli gelene&#287;e ba&#287;l&#305; ve gelenekle &#351;ekillenmi&#351; bir musiki, ancak gelenek anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305; kendine temel alan bir nazariyeyle a&#231;&#305;klanabilecektir. Ama&#231; ba&#351;ka bir musikiyi ifade etmekse zaten tart&#305;&#351;&#305;lacak husus yoktur. T&#252;rk musikisi ile T&#252;rk&#231;e musiki, T&#252;rk musikisi bestek&#226;r&#305; ile T&#252;rk bestek&#226;r&#305; aras&#305;ndaki hassas anlam farklar&#305;, gelenek olu&#351;turmu&#351; musiki ile modern/&#231;a&#287;da&#351; musiki aras&#305;nda da bulunmaktad&#305;r. Burada amaca ula&#351;mak i&#231;in &#252;stlenilecek rol ve kullan&#305;lacak y&#246;ntem &#246;nem kazanmaktad&#305;r. Ge&#231;mi&#351;te var olan bir ger&#231;e&#287;i g&#246;rmezden gelerek sadece ki&#351;iye veya ki&#351;ilere &#246;zg&#252; ger&#231;eklerin esas al&#305;nmas&#305; veya ba&#351;ka bir deyi&#351;le herkesin kendine g&#246;re yapt&#305;&#287;&#305; musikiyi- nazariyeyi esas kabul etmesi hem musikiye hem de ba&#287;l&#305; bulundu&#287;u k&#252;lt&#252;re ister istemez zarar vermektedir. T&#252;rk k&#252;lt&#252;r&#252;ne ait musikide temel unsurlar bulunmaktad&#305;r. Bu unsurlar gelenekle &#351;ekillenmi&#351;tir. Fakat yeni olu&#351;umlar, yeni anlay&#305;&#351;larla ortaya &#231;&#305;kan musikiler her zaman olacakt&#305;r ve olmal&#305;d&#305;r. Burada pop&#252;ler k&#252;lt&#252;rle geleneklere dayal&#305; k&#252;lt&#252;r&#252; birbirinden iyi ay&#305;rt etmek gerekmektedir. Gelene&#287;i de&#287;i&#351;tirmek nas&#305;l bir ki&#351;inin veya k&#252;&#231;&#252;k bir toplulu&#287;un elinde de&#287;ilse, yeni &#252;r&#252;nlerin ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;n&#305; engellemek de m&#252;mk&#252;n de&#287;ildir. &#214;nemli olan s&#305;n&#305;r&#305; iyi belirlemek ve nazariyeyi, d&#246;nemin musikisini g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;nde bulundurarak &#351;ekillendirmektir.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Dipnotlar</h2><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu d&#252;&#351;&#252;nce Arel&#8217;in Musiki Mecmuas&#305;nda &#8220;Ni&#231;in T&#252;rk Musikisine Taraftar&#305;m?&#8221; ba&#351;l&#305;kl&#305; yaz&#305;s&#305;nda a&#231;&#305;k&#231;a belirtilmektedir: &#8220;[&#8230;] <em>Kl&#226;sik T&#252;rk musikisi pek g&#252;zel, pek de&#287;erlidir. T&#252;rk bestek&#226;rlar&#305;n&#305;n deh&#226;s&#305;na takdirk&#226;r&#305;z. L&#226;kin ne yapal&#305;m ki art&#305;k bu &#351;ark&#305;l&#305; ve tek sesli musiki bizim duygular&#305;m&#305;za terceman olmak kabiliyetini kaybetmi&#351;tir. Biz &#351;imdi yeni bir medeniyet &#226;lemine kat&#305;ld&#305;k. Her &#351;eyi oradan iktibas etmekteyiz. Medeniyet bir k&#252;lld&#252;r; b&#252;t&#252;n meden&#238; milletler ayni m&#252;&#351;terek ve m&#252;kemmel musikiyi kullan&#305;yorlar. Biz de Bat&#305; medeniyetinin bir &#252;yesi s&#305;fat&#305;ile o musikiyi alm&#305;ya mecburuz</em>. [&#8230;] (Arel, 1949, s. 3)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;ye g&#246;re s&#252;sleyen/m&#252;zeyyin perdeler, makam&#305; olu&#351;turan ana perdelerin yan&#305;nda kullan&#305;labilen di&#287;er perdelerdir. Bunlar; M&#252;zeyyin-i L&#226;z&#305;m (Gerekli S&#252;sleyen) ve Gayr-&#305; L&#226;z&#305;m (L&#226;z&#305;m Olmayan) olmak &#252;zere ikiye ayr&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. M&#252;zeyyin-i L&#226;z&#305;m; sanki makam&#305;n asl&#305;nda yer oluyormu&#351; gibi kullan&#305;lan perdelerdir (Rast&#8217;ta nev&#226;, U&#351;&#351;&#226;k&#8217;ta acem perdesi vb). Gayr-&#305; L&#226;z&#305;m, ezgilere ihtiya&#231; halinde eklenen perdelerdir. Bu s&#252;sleyiciler, Kar&#238;b-i L&#226;z&#305;m (Yak&#305;n L&#226;z&#305;m) ve Ba&#238;d-i L&#226;z&#305;m (Uzak L&#226;z&#305;m) olmak &#252;zere iki &#231;e&#351;ittir. Kar&#238;b-i L&#226;z&#305;m, eserlerde &#231;ok kullan&#305;lan perdelerdir (Rast&#8217;tan yeg&#226;h perdesine inilirken kullan&#305;lan perdeler, U&#351;&#351;&#226;k&#8217;ta rast vb). Ba&#238;d-i L&#226;z&#305;m, eserlerde kullan&#305;m&#305; az olan perdelerdir (H&#252;seyn&#238;&#8217;de acem, Sab&#226;&#8217;da nev&#226;, Nih&#226;vend ve S&#251;z-i Dil&#226;r&#226;&#8217;da seg&#226;h vb). (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 109, 111)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel tarifine &#246;rnek: <em>Rast makam&#305;, &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;d&#305;r. Dizisi 4+IV &#351;eklindedir. Bir Rast be&#351;lisinin tiz taraf&#305;na bir Rast d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; eklenmek suretiyle yap&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Dizisinin aral&#305;klar&#305; pestten tize do&#287;ru &#8220;T K S T + T K S&#8221; ve tizden peste do&#287;ru &#8220;S K T + T S K T&#8221; tertibinde s&#305;ralanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Be&#351;li ile d&#246;rtl&#252;n&#252;n birle&#351;ti&#287;i yerde bulunan ses (be&#351;inci derece) g&#252;&#231;l&#252; vazifesini ta&#351;&#305;r. Makam&#305;n as&#305;l mevkii rast perdesidir. Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma &#8220;si&#8221; i&#231;in bir koma bemol&#252; ve &#8220;fa&#8221; i&#231;in be&#351;inci &#231;izgi &#252;zerine bir bak&#238;yye diyezi konulur. &#8230;bu dizide &#8220;neseb-i &#351;erife&#8221; den sekiz tanesi vard&#305;r: Bir tane tam sekizli, d&#246;rt tane tam be&#351;li, &#252;&#231; tane tam d&#246;rtl&#252;.</em> (Arel, 1993, s. 43, 44)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, makam i&#231;in &#351;unu yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r: &#8220;<em>&#8230;vech-i m&#252;n&#226;s&#238;b ile madde-i asliyesi &#252;zre sem&#257;&#8217;&#305;nda kend&#252;ye mahs&#363;s bir hey&#8217;et sahibi olub &#351;unun gibi uhr&#257;ya inkis&#257;ma k&#257;bil olmayan l&#226;hndir&#8221; </em>(Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 107)<em>.</em></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 133)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Rast makam&#305; nev&#226; perdesinden seyre ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;nda Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl; h&#252;seyniden ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;nda Dilni&#351;in; evcden ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ise Beste-i His&#226;r ad&#305;n&#305; almaktad&#305;r. Konuyla ilgili teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz. (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2022)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#199;arg&#226;hta Karar Verenler: &#199;arg&#226;h (ikinci nev&#238;), M&#226;hur-&#305; Sag&#238;r, Bestenig&#226;r-&#305; At&#238;k. Nim Hic&#226;z/Pest Hic&#226;zda Karar Veren: H&#252;zz&#226;m-&#305; Kad&#238;m. Nev&#226;da Karar Verenler: Ferahz&#226;r veya ikinci nevi Nev&#226;, Gonca-i Ra&#8217;n&#226;, Dilrub&#226;. Bu terkiplerin &#231;o&#287;u, bestelerle g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze kadar ula&#351;m&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2019)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">H&#252;seyn&#238;de Karar Verenler: &#350;ir&#226;z, &#350;ehr-i Naz, &#350;evkeng&#238;z ve Bezm&#226;r&#226;. Acemde Karar Verenler: Nevr&#251;z ve M&#226;h&#251;rek. Gerd&#226;niyyede Karar Veren: Dil&#226;r&#226;</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Ad&#305; Heftg&#226;h olan bu &#351;ed makam, Seg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n nim hic&#226;z/pest hic&#226;z perdesine g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesiyle olu&#351;mu&#351;tur. (Arel, 1993, s. 317) Bu &#351;ed makamla birlikte &#351;edden sayd&#305;&#287;&#305; di&#287;er ve asl&#305;nda terkib olan olu&#351;umlar incelendi&#287;inde Arel&#8217;deki &#351;ed makam anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n, T&#252;rk musikisinde asl&#305;na uygun olmayan makam tan&#305;mlar&#305;na neden oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n iki, &#252;&#231; veya d&#246;rt makam&#305;n bir araya gelmesinden do&#287;du&#287;unu, birka&#231; makam&#305;n perdelerini birbirine kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;rarak gezdikten sonra kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; makamlardan biriyle karar verdi&#287;ini yazmaktad&#305;r. Bu makamlar&#305;n kendi ba&#351;lar&#305;na ne ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; sesleri ne istirahat ne de karar yerleri vard&#305;r. Bir makam ile ba&#351;lamakta ba&#351;ka bir makamla karar vermektedir. Baz&#305;s&#305; da ara yerde bir veya iki makam&#305;n perdelerini kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;p birka&#231; makam&#305;n birle&#351;mesiyle meydana gelmektedir. Bunlar&#305;n say&#305;s&#305; be&#351;tir (S&#252;nb&#252;le, M&#226;hur, Pencg&#226;h, Nikr&#238;z ve Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r) (Tura, 2001, s. 41, 83). S&#252;nb&#252;le; &#252;&#231; nim perde ve &#252;&#231; makamdan meydana gelmektedir. Bunlar, s&#252;nb&#252;le, acem ve sab&#226;d&#305;r. Makamlar da ayn&#305; isimledir. M&#226;h&#251;r, iki nim ve bir tam perdeden olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. Bunlar; m&#226;h&#251;r, b&#251;selik ve rastt&#305;r. Pencg&#226;h, &#252;&#231; nim, bir tam perdeden ve iki makam&#305;n birle&#351;mesinden meydana gelmektedir. Perdeler; acem, uzz&#226;l, b&#251;selik ve rast, makamlar ise Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r ve Rast&#8217;t&#305;r. Nikr&#238;z, Uzz&#226;l ve Rast makamlar&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesiyle meydana gelmektedir. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r ise &#252;&#231; nim perdeden meydana gelmi&#351;tir. Bunlar; acem, uzz&#226;l ve b&#251;seliktir (Tura, 2001, s. 84-91).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu &#8220;Aded &#252; tesmiye-i mak&#257;m&#257;t &#8216;al&#226; kavli hak&#238;r (Bize g&#246;re makamlar&#305;n say&#305;lar&#305; ve adlar&#305;) ba&#351;l&#305;&#287;&#305; alt&#305;nda pek &#231;ok s&#305;n&#305;flamaya gitmektedir. Bunlar s&#305;ras&#305;yla &#351;unlard&#305;r: Nermde Temam Perdelerin Makamlar&#305;, Tizde Temam Perdelerin Makamlar&#305;, Nermden Tize Var&#305;nca N&#238;m Perdelerin Makamlar&#305;, Tizden Nerme Var&#305;nca Nim Perdelerin Makamlar&#305;, M&#252;rekkeb Makamlar, S&#251;reta (s&#246;zde, g&#246;r&#252;n&#252;&#351;te) Makamlar, &#304;smi Olup Cismi Olmayan Makamlar ve Yanl&#305;&#351; Olarak Herkes&#231;e Makam Diye Adland&#305;r&#305;lan Terkibler (Tura, 2001, s. 45).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Seg&#226;h be&#351;lisinin, di&#287;er be&#351;lilerden (Ferahn&#226;k, H&#252;zz&#226;m, Nikr&#238;z, Pencg&#226;h) farkl&#305; olarak d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;, tam d&#246;rtl&#252; mesafesindedir. Sonuna tanini aral&#305;&#287;&#305; eklenmek suretiyle be&#351;li olmu&#351;tur.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Kaynak kitapta bas&#305;m hatas&#305; nedeniyle portede s&#252;nb&#252;le yerine tiz seg&#226;h perdesi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bilindi&#287;i &#252;zere Arel&#8217;de &#8220;yeden&#8221; perdesi, dizideki yedinci perdenin bir sekizli nermdeki halidir. (Arel, 1993, s. 30) Fakat T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;sinde yedinci perde her zaman yeden g&#246;revi g&#246;rmemektedir. Ba&#351;ka bir de&#287;i&#351;le yeden perdesinin yedinci derecede bulunmas&#305; zorunlulu&#287;u yoktur. Arel, Seg&#226;h i&#231;in verdi&#287;i k&#252;rd&#238; yedeni i&#231;in evc &#252;zerindeki hayali Hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;nde bulunan yedinci dereceyi (s&#252;nb&#252;le), esas alm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Ayn&#305; tutumu B&#251;selik makam&#305;nda da g&#246;stermi&#351;tir. B&#251;selik makam&#305;nda -&#246;zellikle karar verilirken- kullan&#305;lan zeng&#251;le perdesini a&#231;&#305;klamak i&#231;in B&#251;selik dizisinde, h&#252;seyni &#252;zerine Hicaz d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; ekleyerek -B&#251;selik&#8217;in ana seyrinde hi&#231;bir zaman tercih edilmemi&#351; olan- &#351;ehnaz perdesini alm&#305;&#351; ve bunun sonucu olarak zeng&#251;leyi yeden durumuna getirmi&#351;tir. Bu sebeple &#8220;yeden&#8221; yerine &#8220;tamamlayan perde&#8221; gibi bir isimlendirme yapmak daha do&#287;ru say&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu, karara var&#305;l&#305;rken kullan&#305;lan pest nim perdeye &#8220;tetimme-i perde&#8221; yani &#8220;perdeyi tamamlayan&#8221; ad&#305;n&#305; vermi&#351;tir. Bu perde, makam&#305; olu&#351;turan perdelerin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda bir perde de olabilmektedir. Teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Tura, 2001, s. 9, 11, 41)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#199;al&#305;&#351;mada, bir perdenin bir tam aral&#305;k veya daha fazla tam veya nim aral&#305;k mesafesi kadar a&#351;a&#287;&#305;s&#305;nda bulunan perdeler i&#231;in &#8220;nerm&#8221; terimi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Burada &#8220;nerm&#8221; ile &#8220;pest&#8221; kelimelerinin manas&#305; ayr&#305; tutulmu&#351;tur. Ayn&#305; durum &#8220;tiz&#8221; ve &#8220;dik&#8221; kelimeleri i&#231;in de ge&#231;erlidir. Teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2022).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Perdeler, porte &#252;zerinde Mansur &#226;henge g&#246;re yeni i&#351;aretlerle verilmi&#351;tir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">24&#8217;l&#252; sistemde &#8220;dik hisar&#8221; olarak isimlendirilmi&#351; perde, his&#226;r&#305;n diklenmi&#351; hali olmas&#305;ndan ziyade h&#252;seyn&#238;nin pestlenmesi sonucu ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Bu nedenle dik his&#226;ra ayn&#305; zamanda pest h&#252;seyni ismi verilmi&#351;tir. Hem icra hem de nazariye a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan do&#287;ru ismin bu oldu&#287;u d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmektedir. Teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz. (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2022)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-18" href="#footnote-anchor-18" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">18</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Seg&#226;h i&#231;in illaki bir be&#351;li olu&#351;turulacaksa o da S-T-T-K aral&#305;klar&#305;ndan m&#252;rekkebdir ki Arel-Ezgi nazariyesinde Ferahn&#226;k be&#351;lisi olarak ge&#231;mektedir. Eserler incelendi&#287;inde Arel nazariyesinde olu&#351;turulmu&#351; Ferahnak be&#351;lisinin, Ferahnak terkibi i&#231;in bir &#246;nemi olmad&#305;&#287;&#305; ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Teferruatl&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz. (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2019, s. 912)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-19" href="#footnote-anchor-19" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">19</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tarifler i&#231;in bkz: (Arel, 1993, s. 185, 187, 196)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-20" href="#footnote-anchor-20" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">20</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;zellikle T&#252;rk halk musikisinde mansur &#226;henge g&#246;re si (seg&#226;h) &#252;zerinden yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; pek &#231;ok Ir&#226;k t&#252;rk&#252;ye rastlanabilmektedir. Benzer durum klasik eserlerde de ya&#351;anmaktad&#305;r. Ezgide ayr&#305;m&#305;n yap&#305;lamamas&#305; d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; perdede yanl&#305;&#351; bas&#305;mlara sebep olabilmektedir. Bu ger&#231;ekler, Seg&#226;h ile Ir&#226;k makamlar&#305; aras&#305;ndaki fark&#305;n anla&#351;&#305;lamamas&#305; ad&#305;na en b&#252;y&#252;k &#246;rneklerinden say&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-21" href="#footnote-anchor-21" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">21</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Yazar&#305;n dip notu: <em>Saba makam&#305;n&#305; &#231;arg&#226;h perdesindeki Hicaz-Zirg&#252;le dizisinin pest taraf&#305;na d&#252;g&#226;h perdesindeki U&#351;&#351;ak dizisinin sonundan &#252;&#231; sesin kat&#305;lmas&#305;yla has&#305;l olur diye tarif etmek de m&#252;mk&#252;nd&#252;r. Her iki tarif ayn&#305; neticeyi verir </em>(Arel, 1993, s. 247)<em>.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png" width="264" height="84" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:84,&quot;width&quot;:264,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:15520,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/194033245?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-K3b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F159d91b0-d6f0-44b8-9ab7-c38d56c5cf0a_264x84.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-22" href="#footnote-anchor-22" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">22</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Suphi Ezgi&#8217;de Saba tarifi, anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305; g&#252;&#231; bir &#351;ekilde ele al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Genel olarak Arel&#8217;le ortak anlay&#305;&#351;a sahip olmalar&#305; sebebiyle tarifini vermekte fayda g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir: [&#8230;]<em> Sab&#257; dizisi iki t&#252;rl&#252; istimal edilmi&#351;tir. Birincisi pest tarafta bir Sab&#226; eksik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;ne t&#238;z tarafta isimsiz art&#305;k bir be&#351;linin inzimam&#305;ndan ikincisi pest tarafta bir Sab&#226; eksik d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;ne t&#238;z tarafta isimsiz tam bir be&#351;linin iltihak&#305;ndan tevell&#252;t etmi&#351;tir. Bu ikinci eksik Sab&#226; dizisinin tiz taraf&#305;ndaki yedinci sesten itibaren bestek&#226;rlar ekseriye bir Hic&#226;z ge&#231;kisi yapmaktad&#305;rlar. Bu ge&#231;kinin mevcudiyeti, Sab&#226; dizisinin gizli m&#252;tenafir olmas&#305; ve Sab&#226; dizisinin &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; na&#287;mesinden tize do&#287;ru bir Hic&#226;z be&#351;lisinin bulunu&#351;u ve &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; sesin g&#252;&#231;l&#252; olmas&#305; Sab&#226; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n m&#252;rekkep oldu&#287;unu zannettirecek amillerdendir. Sab&#226; mak&#226;m&#305; saittir. G&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252; [&#8230;] &#231;arg&#226;ht&#305;r. Mak&#226;m ya g&#252;&#231;l&#252;den ya da kararg&#226;htan ba&#351;lar, Sab&#226; d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;nde seyirle g&#252;&#231;l&#252;de veya kararg&#226;hta muvakkat karar yapar; sonra di&#287;er art&#305;k be&#351;li veya tam be&#351;lide dahi gezinerek durakta kal&#305;r. [...] </em>(Ezgi, 1933, s. 136)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-23" href="#footnote-anchor-23" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">23</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Gelenekte &#231;arg&#226;h ile nev&#226; perdeleri aras&#305;nda sab&#226; ve hic&#226;z olmak &#252;zere iki nim perde bulunmaktad&#305;r. 24&#8217;l&#252; sistemde &#8220;sab&#226;&#8221; perdesine &#8220;nim hic&#226;z&#8221; ad&#305; verilmi&#351;tir. Sab&#226; makam&#305; i&#231;in &#246;ncelikle isim a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan &#246;nemli olan sab&#226;, 17&#8217;li sistemde pest b&#246;lgede bulunmas&#305; bak&#305;m&#305;ndan burada dikli&#287;ini belirtmek i&#231;in &#8220;dik sab&#226;&#8221; olarak kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Asl&#305;nda hic&#226;z b&#246;lgesinde bulunan bu perdenin, kendi makam&#305;na ait isimle kullan&#305;lmas&#305; &#246;nemli g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir. Bunun yan&#305;nda perdelerin makam veya terkib isimlendirmesinde ya da makam veya terkiblerin perde isimlendirmesinde &#246;nemli rol ald&#305;&#287;&#305; ve gelenekte buna &#246;nem verildi&#287;inin hat&#305;rlanmas&#305; &#246;nem arz etmektedir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-24" href="#footnote-anchor-24" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">24</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Sab&#226; makam&#305;yla yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; &#231;o&#287;u eski bestelerin tize do&#287;ru geni&#351;lemelerinde muhayyer perdesi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. 19. y&#252;zy&#305;ldan itibaren muhayyer yerine &#351;ehn&#226;z/tiz dik &#351;&#251;r&#238; perdesi daha &#231;ok tercih edilmi&#351;tir. Bu perde, baz&#305; icrac&#305;larca o kadar benimsenmi&#351;tir ki icra s&#305;ras&#305;nda veya yeniden notaya alma &#231;al&#305;&#351;malar&#305;nda muhayyer olarak yaz&#305;lan perdeler, &#351;ehn&#226;z/tiz dik &#351;&#251;r&#238; perdesine d&#246;n&#252;&#351;t&#252;r&#252;lm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-25" href="#footnote-anchor-25" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">25</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Daha &#246;nceki dipnotta da belirtildi&#287;i gibi &#231;arg&#226;h ile nev&#226; aras&#305;nda sab&#226; ve hic&#226;z olmak &#252;zere iki nim perde bulunmaktad&#305;r. Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r&#8217;da kullan&#305;lan perde hic&#226;z b&#246;lgesinde oldu&#287;u i&#231;in burada kullan&#305;lan pestletilmi&#351; hic&#226;z i&#231;in, &#8220;nim hicaz&#8221; yerine &#8220;pest hicaz&#8221; ad&#305; kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-26" href="#footnote-anchor-26" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">26</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu perdenin ad&#305; &#8220;ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r&#8221; olarak Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de ge&#231;mektedir. Bkz. (Tura, 2001, s. 9), (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 103, 105)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-27" href="#footnote-anchor-27" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">27</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>D&#246;nemin Bilinen Terkibleri</strong>: Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl, Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Z&#226;id, Nikr&#238;z, M&#226;h&#251;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r, M&#226;h&#251;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r, Selmek, Gerd&#226;niyye, T&#226;hir-i Sag&#238;r, T&#226;hir-i Keb&#238;r, Arazb&#226;r, Acem, Nevr&#251;z, Nevr&#251;z-&#305; Acem, A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, K&#251;&#231;ek, Uzz&#226;l, M&#252;ste&#226;r, Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, His&#226;r, His&#226;rek, Beste-i His&#226;r, H&#252;zz&#226;m, Arab&#226;n, &#350;edd-i Arab&#226;n, S&#252;nb&#252;le, N&#252;h&#252;ft, H&#252;seyn&#238;-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, B&#251;selik-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, K&#252;rd&#238;, Z&#226;vil, Yeg&#226;h, D&#252;g&#226;h, &#199;arg&#226;h, Bestenig&#226;r, B&#252;z&#252;rg, Isfah&#226;nek, Beste-Isfah&#226;n, Nih&#226;vend-i Sag&#238;r, Nih&#226;vend-i R&#251;m&#238;, G&#252;l&#8217;iz&#226;r, &#350;ehn&#226;z, Gerd&#226;niyye-B&#251;selik, &#350;ehn&#226;z-B&#251;selik, Nig&#226;r, Nig&#226;rn&#238;k, Zemzeme (Sab&#226;- Zemzeme), H&#252;m&#226;y&#251;n, R&#226;hatfez&#226;, Muhayyer, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;rek, &#350;&#238;r&#226;z, M&#226;ye, A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n-Maye, Bay&#226;t&#238;, M&#226;ver&#226;&#252;&#8217;n-nehr, Evc, Dilke&#351;h&#226;ver&#226;n, Sebzender-i Sebz, R&#251;-yi Ir&#226;k, M&#252;berka&#8217;, H&#251;z&#238;, Hic&#226;z-&#305; Muh&#226;lif, Muh&#226;lefek, Sult&#226;n&#238;-Ir&#226;k, S&#226;zk&#226;r, R&#226;hat&#252;&#8217;l-erv&#226;h, Zeng&#251;le, T&#252;rk&#238; Hic&#226;z, Reh&#226;v&#238;, Bay&#226;t&#238;-Arab&#226;n, S&#251;zn&#226;k, H&#252;seyn&#238;-K&#252;rd&#238; (zeyl), </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>D&#246;nemin Yeni Bulunan Terkibleri</strong>: H&#252;zz&#226;m-&#305; Ced&#238;d (III. Sel&#238;m), Evc&#226;r&#226; (III.Selim), Fer&#226;hfez&#226; (Seyyid Ahmed A&#287;a), Vech-i Arazb&#226;r (H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a), Dilk&#252;&#351;&#226; ve &#350;evk&#226;ver (&#194;rif Mehmed A&#287;a), S&#251;z-i Dil (Hal&#238;m A&#287;a), Muhayyer- S&#252;nb&#252;le, S&#252;nb&#252;le-Nih&#226;vend, Nih&#226;vend-i Ced&#238;d, Acem-B&#251;selik, Evc-B&#251;selik, His&#226;r-B&#251;selik, Hic&#226;z-Zemzeme, Isfah&#226;n-Zemzeme, Arazb&#226;r-Zemzeme, K&#251;&#231;ek-Zemzeme, A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n-Zemzeme (S&#226;dullah A&#287;a), Sab&#226;-U&#351;&#351;&#226;k, Anberef&#351;&#226;n (Seyyid Abd&#252;rrahim Dede), Dil&#226;v&#238;z (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede), R&#251;hefz&#226; (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede), G&#252;lr&#251;h (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede), Dild&#226;r (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede) <em><strong>Zeyl</strong></em>: Isfah&#226;nek (III.Sel&#238;m), Hic&#226;zeyn (III.Sel&#238;m), &#350;evk-i Dil (III. Sel&#238;m), Nev&#226;-B&#251;selik (III.Sel&#238;m), Arazb&#226;r-B&#251;selik (III.Sel&#238;m), Nev&#226;-K&#252;rd&#238; (III.Sel&#238;m), Gerd&#226;niyye-K&#252;rd&#238;, His&#226;r-K&#252;rd&#238; (Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede)</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Yeniden &#304;simlendirilen Terkibler</strong>: His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m, H&#252;zz&#226;m-&#305; Kad&#238;m, S&#252;nb&#252;le-i Kad&#238;m, N&#252;h&#252;ft-i Kad&#238;m, D&#252;g&#226;h-&#305; Kad&#238;m, Bestenig&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m, Bestenig&#226;r-&#305; At&#238;k, M&#226;ye-i At&#238;k, Sebzender-i Sebz-i Kad&#238;m, M&#226;h&#251;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r-i Kad&#238;m, R&#226;mi&#351;c&#226;n (Seg&#226;h-M&#226;ye), Me&#351;k&#251;ye (Seg&#226;h-&#305; Acem), G&#252;lz&#226;r (R&#226;st-M&#226;ye), Meclis-efr&#251;z, Dilni&#351;&#238;n (A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n),</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ezgilerden &#199;&#305;kar&#305;lan Terkibler</strong>: Dil&#226;r&#226;, M&#226;h&#251;rek, Saf&#226;, &#350;evk-i Dil2, N&#226;zenin, &#350;ehrn&#226;z, &#350;evkeng&#238;z, Bezm&#226;r&#226;, N&#226;z, Niy&#226;z, Fer&#226;hz&#226;r, Gonca-i Ra&#8217;n&#226;, Canfez&#226;, L&#226;le-r&#251;h, Evc-Nih&#226;vend (zeyl), Nevr&#251;z-&#305; Sult&#226;n&#238; (zeyl)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-28" href="#footnote-anchor-28" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">28</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Arel&#8217;de Ad&#305; Ge&#231;en M&#252;rekkeb Makamlar</strong>: Fer&#226;hfez&#226;, Dilke&#351;&#238;de, L&#226;le-G&#252;l, Sult&#226;n&#238; Seg&#226;h, &#350;erefn&#252;m&#226; (&#350;eref-i Ham&#238;d&#238;), &#350;&#238;ven&#252;m&#226;, Yeg&#226;h, Acemli Yeg&#226;h, Anberef&#351;&#226;n, H&#252;seyn&#238;-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, B&#251;selik-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n, N&#252;h&#252;ft, A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n-Zemzeme, &#350;evk u Tar&#226;b, Zirefkend, R&#226;hatfez&#226;, Sab&#226;-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n (Canfez&#226;), &#350;evkefz&#226;, &#350;evk-&#226;ver, Tarz-&#305; Ced&#238;d, Ir&#226;k, Evc, Bestenig&#226;r, Beste-Isfah&#226;n, R&#226;hat&#252;&#8217;l-erv&#226;h, Dilke&#351;h&#226;ver&#226;n, R&#251;y-i Ir&#226;k, Revn&#226;kn&#252;m&#226;, H&#252;zz&#226;m-&#305; Ced&#238;d, Fer&#226;hn&#226;k, Nikr&#238;z, Neveser, G&#252;ldeste, Pesend&#238;de, Tarz-&#305; Nev&#238;n, Nih&#226;vend-i Keb&#238;r, Z&#226;vil, Pencg&#226;h, S&#251;z-i Dil&#226;r&#226;, B&#252;z&#252;rg, S&#226;zk&#226;r, Reh&#226;v&#238;, &#350;evk-i Dil, G&#252;liz&#226;r veya H&#252;seyn&#238;-G&#252;liz&#226;r, Isfah&#226;n, Isfah&#226;nek, Bay&#226;t&#238;-Arab&#226;n, Acem, His&#226;r, K&#251;&#231;ek, &#350;ehn&#226;z, Arazb&#226;r, Sipihr, Yeni Sipihr, Sab&#226;, D&#252;g&#226;h, Gerd&#226;niyye, S&#252;nb&#252;le, M&#226;ye, Sult&#226;n&#238; Ir&#226;k, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;rek, Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238;, Nev&#226;-K&#252;rd&#238;, Acem-K&#252;rd&#238;, Arab&#226;n-K&#252;rd&#238; (Zevk u Tar&#226;b), Sab&#226;-Zemzeme, Hic&#226;z-Zemzeme, Isfah&#226;n-Zemzeme, Arazb&#226;r-Zemzeme, K&#251;&#231;ek-Zemzeme, Bay&#226;t&#238;-B&#251;selik, Bay&#226;t&#238;-Arab&#226;n-B&#251;selik, Gerd&#226;niyye-B&#251;selik, Sab&#226;-B&#251;selik, T&#226;hir-B&#251;selik, Muhayyer-B&#251;selik, His&#226;r-B&#251;selik, M&#226;h&#251;r-B&#251;selik, Nev&#226;-B&#251;selik, Evc-B&#251;selik, Acem-B&#251;selik, Hic&#226;z-B&#251;selik, Arazb&#226;r-B&#251;selik, D&#252;g&#226;h-B&#251;selik, Seg&#226;h, M&#252;ste&#226;r, H&#252;zz&#226;m, &#304;kinci Nev&#238; M&#226;ye, Vech-i Arazb&#226;r, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-29" href="#footnote-anchor-29" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">29</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Ya&#351;amas&#305; Muhakkak Say&#305;lanlar</em>: H&#252;zz&#226;m, Ni&#351;&#226;bur, Ni&#351;&#226;b&#251;rek, Nikr&#238;z, Neveser, Irak, Evc, Ferahn&#226;k, Sab&#226;, &#350;ehnaz, Seg&#226;h, Bestenig&#226;r, Isfahan. <em>Ya&#351;amas&#305; Muhtemel Olanla</em>r: Pencg&#226;h, Gerd&#226;niyye, Dilke&#351;h&#226;veran, M&#252;stear, Yeg&#226;h, Beste-Isfahan, Seg&#226;h-Maye. <em>&#214;l&#252;m halinde bulunanlar</em>: A&#351;iran, Zemzeme, Anberef&#351;an, Dilke&#351;ide, Zirefkend, Sab&#226;- A&#351;&#238;ran, &#350;evk-&#226;ver, Tarz-&#305; Ced&#238;d, Tarz-&#305; Nevin, Pesend&#238;de, Nih&#226;vend-i Keb&#238;r, B&#251;selik&#8217;li ve K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;li z&#252;mreler&#8230; (Arel, 1993, s. 315-316)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-30" href="#footnote-anchor-30" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">30</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;[&#8230;] <em>Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k isimli ris&#226;lemi cihan padi&#351;ah&#305;</em> [&#8230;] <em>Sultan Sel&#238;m Han</em> [&#8230;] <em>hazretlerinin padi&#351;ahl&#305;k kap&#305;s&#305;na sundum. &#8216;Bulunan birka&#231; bile&#351;im daha var, onlar da yaz&#305;ls&#305;n&#8217; diye emir buyurdular</em>&#8221; (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 241, 243).</p><h2>Kaynak&#231;a</h2><blockquote><p>Kitaplar</p><p>Arel, H. S. (1993). <em>T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri.</em> (O. Akdo&#287;u, D&#252;.) Ankara: K&#252;lt&#252;r Bakanl&#305;&#287;&#305; Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Ba&#351;er, F. A. (2013). <em>T&#252;rk Musikisinde Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede.</em> &#304;stanbul: Fatih &#220;niversitesi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Ezgi, S. (1933). <em>Nazar&#238; ve Amel&#238; T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si</em> (Cilt 1). &#304;stanbul: Milli Mecmua Matbaas&#305;.</p><p>Tura, Y. (2001). <em>Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#304;lmi&#8217;l-m&#251;sik&#238; al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat.</em> &#304;stanbul: Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Kitap B&#246;l&#252;m&#252;</p><p>Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2022). H&#252;seyin Saadeddin Arel&#8217;e Ait &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri&#8221; &#199;al&#305;&#351;mas&#305;nda Tarifi Verilmeyen Baz&#305; Terkiblerin Tespiti ve Tahl&#238;li. <em>M&#252;zik K&#252;lt&#252;r&#252;ne Dair &#199;e&#351;itli G&#246;r&#252;&#351;ler XI</em> (s. 57-70). i&#231;inde Konya: E&#287;itim Yay&#305;nevi.</p><p>Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2022). T&#252;rk Musikisi Perdelerinin &#304;simlendirilmesi ve Porte &#220;zerinde G&#246;sterilmesiyle &#304;lgili Baz&#305; Fikir ve &#214;neriler. <em>M&#252;zik K&#252;lt&#252;r&#252;ne Daire &#199;e&#351;itli G&#246;r&#252;&#351;ler X </em>(s. 47-66). i&#231;inde Konya: E&#287;itim Yay&#305;nevi.</p><p>Elektronik kitaplar</p><p>Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2019). <em>Makamlar ve Terkibler.</em> Ankara: Google. 2022 tarihinde https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=DnGqDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq adresinden al&#305;nd&#305;</p><p>Dergiden makale</p><p>Arel, H. S. (1949). Ni&#231;in T&#252;rk Musikisine Taraftar&#305;m. <em>Musiki Mecmuas&#305; No:11</em>. &#304;stanbul.</p></blockquote><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Türk Musikisinde Makam ve Terkib Kavramları Üzerine İnceleme: Kantemiroğlu, Abdülbaki Dede ve H.S. Arel Örneği]]></title><description><![CDATA[Akademik Sosyal Ara&#351;t&#305;rmalar Dergisi, Y&#305;l: 12, Say&#305;: 148, Ocak 2024, s. 12-25 ISSN: 2148-2489 Doi Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/ASOS.74027]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/turk-musikisinde-makam-ve-terkib</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/turk-musikisinde-makam-ve-terkib</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2024 07:53:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png" width="1024" height="1024" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!T51Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff158b612-df4c-46bf-831d-fe6a8d0cdfee_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>&#214;zet</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Sistemci nazariye d&#246;neminde belli dizilerin isimlendirilmesi i&#231;in kullan&#305;lan makam terimi, XVII. as&#305;rdan itibaren na&#287;me veya ezgi i&#231;in &#246;nemli perdelerin bir araya getirilmesiyle birlikte belli bir seyre sahip l&#226;hin/ezgi kal&#305;b&#305;n&#305; a&#231;&#305;klamak i&#231;in kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Makamlar, az say&#305;da perdeye sahip olmas&#305;n&#305;n yan&#305;nda kendine has duygusu olan belirli ezgi kal&#305;b&#305;na ait &#246;zel na&#287;melerdir ve birbirlerinden ay&#305;r&#305;c&#305; &#246;zelliklere sahiptir. Farkl&#305; &#246;zelliklere sahip makamlar, bu sebeple her zaman s&#305;n&#305;rl&#305; say&#305;da kalm&#305;&#351;lard&#305;r. Terkib ise birle&#351;imdir. Bu birle&#351;im; bir makam&#305;n seyir &#246;zelli&#287;inin bozulmas&#305;yla, farkl&#305; perde ya da perdelerin veya ek na&#287;melerin makamlara dahil edilmesiyle, en az iki makam&#305;n veya makam ve terkibin ya da iki terkibin birle&#351;mesiyle meydana gelmi&#351;tir. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde terkiplere de makam ismi verildi&#287;i i&#231;in makam ve terkip kavramlar&#305; aras&#305;ndaki farklar iyi anla&#351;&#305;lamam&#305;&#351;, bir terkibin i&#231;indeki makam na&#287;mesi, &#8220;&#231;e&#351;ni&#8221; tabiriyle kar&#351;&#305;lan&#305;r olmu&#351;tur. Bunun yan&#305;nda makamlar&#305;n dizi haline getirilerek tarif edilmesi -&#246;zellikle T&#252;rk halk musikisinde- ezgi isimlendirilmesinde zorluklara ve tutars&#305;z sonu&#231;lara sebep olmu&#351;tur. Makalede; Kantemiro&#287;lu, Abd&#252;lbaki Dede ve H.S. Arel nazariyeleri &#252;zerinden makam ve terkip kavramlar&#305;na de&#287;inilerek iki kavram aras&#305;ndaki &#246;nemli farkl&#305;l&#305;klara ve bu terimlerin bug&#252;n kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; kabul edilen &#8220;basit/m&#252;fred&#8221;, &#8220;birle&#351;ik/m&#252;rekkeb&#8221; isimlendirmesine dikkat &#231;ekilmi&#351;tir.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Giri&#351;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel nazariyesi dahilinde makam kavram&#305;, tekrar sistemci nazariye boyutuna ta&#351;&#305;nm&#305;&#351; ve Kantemiro&#287;lu s&#305;n&#305;flamas&#305;nda yer alan ve &#8220;terkib&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;n&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kalan; &#8220;m&#252;fred/basit&#8221; ve m&#252;rekkeb/birle&#351;ik&#8221; isimleri tekrar g&#252;ndeme gelmi&#351;tir. Tam d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;lilerin olu&#351;turdu&#287;u ve bunlar&#305;n birle&#351;im yerinin g&#252;&#231;l&#252; oldu&#287;u belli dizilere &#8220;basit makam&#8221;, bunun d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda olu&#351;an dizilere de &#8220;m&#252;rekkeb makam&#8221; veya &#8220;birle&#351;ik makam&#8221; ad&#305; verilmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> Buradaki temel anlay&#305;&#351;; bir dizi, tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liye sahip de&#287;ilse ve bunlar&#305;n birle&#351;im yerine g&#252;&#231;l&#252; perdesi isabet etmiyorsa, &#8220;basit&#8221; makama ait de&#287;ildir, &#8220;m&#252;rekkeb&#8221; say&#305;lmal&#305;d&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tariflerde seyrin; &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;-inici oldu&#287;u, dizisinde hangi tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;li bulundu&#287;u, g&#252;&#231;l&#252;, durak ve donan&#305;m bilgileri verilmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> Birle&#351;ik/M&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n tarifleri verilirken de yine benzer &#252;slupla hangi makam dizilerinden veya d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;lilerden olu&#351;tu&#287;u, seyrin inici-&#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305; oldu&#287;u ve donan&#305;m bilgisi verildikten sonra diziler veya d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;liler &#252;zerinden seyir bilgisi verilmektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> Tariflerde, dizilere makam ad&#305; verme anlay&#305;&#351;&#305; her ne kadar sistemci nazariyeye ait bir d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceyi yans&#305;tsa da &#246;zellikle XVII-XIX. as&#305;rda olgunla&#351;an seyir anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305; bu sistemde g&#246;rmek imkans&#305;z say&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dip notta verilen, Arel&#8217;e ait makam ve m&#252;rekkep makam tariflerinde kullan&#305;lan ifadeler dikkatlice incelenecek olursa; makamda dizi, d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;linin ne kadar &#246;nemli oldu&#287;u ve seyirde durak-g&#252;&#231;l&#252; m&#252;nasebetinin &#246;ne &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. XVII-XIX. as&#305;r d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesine g&#246;re konuya bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ise makamlar&#305;n asl&#305;nda kendine has perde ve seyri olan k&#305;sa ezgiler veya na&#287;meler oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Bu y&#252;zden karar perdesinden itibaren tize do&#287;ru bir dizi olu&#351;turmak veya d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;li bulundurmak zorunda de&#287;illerdir. Makamda &#246;nemli olan, kendisini olu&#351;turan as&#305;l seyir b&#246;lgesinin ortaya &#231;&#305;kar&#305;lmas&#305;d&#305;r. Elbette belli bir makamda yaz&#305;lan bir bestenin ezgisi s&#252;re boyunca ayn&#305; perde s&#305;n&#305;r&#305;n&#305;n i&#231;inde olu&#351;turulmayacak, makam&#305;n seyir geni&#351;lemesine dahil olan perdeler, s&#252;sleyenleri olarak kullan&#305;lacakt&#305;r. Burada &#246;nemli olan, makam&#305;n as&#305;l na&#287;mesinin hangi perdelerle ve hangi perdenin merkez al&#305;nmas&#305;yla olu&#351;turuldu&#287;udur. Geriye kalan perdeler, o makam&#305;n s&#252;sleyenidir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Terkibler ise as&#305;l olarak en az iki makam&#305;n birle&#351;mesiyle veya bir makama ek na&#287;menin/na&#287;melerin getirilmesiyle olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde kullan&#305;lan &#8220;Birle&#351;ik/M&#252;rekkeb Makam&#8221; tabiri, en az iki makam&#305;n bir araya gelmesi anlam&#305;n&#305; kar&#351;&#305;lasa da bir makama ek na&#287;menin veya perdenin hatta terkibin/terkiblerin dahil edilmesi sonucu olu&#351;an ba&#351;ka bir birle&#351;imin kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; -gelenekteki anlay&#305;&#351; g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;nde bulunduruldu&#287;unda- kar&#351;&#305;layamayacakt&#305;r. Gelenekte, makamlarda &#8220;agaz&#8221; yani &#8220;ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231;&#8221; yerleri dikkate al&#305;narak veya makamda temel perdelerin aras&#305;na ba&#351;ka bir perdenin al&#305;nmas&#305;yla olu&#351;turulan terkib isimlerinin pek &#231;o&#287;u, Arel nazariyesinde pek &#231;ok terkib, -as&#305;l terkib ad&#305; dikkate al&#305;nmaks&#305;z&#305;n- ba&#287;l&#305; bulundu&#287;u makam dizisi ad&#305;yla an&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Terkibin ba&#287;l&#305; bulundu&#287;u bir makam&#305;n varl&#305;&#287;&#305; g&#246;z ard&#305; edilemese de ismi olan bir terkibi, ba&#287;l&#305; bulundu&#287;u makam ismi ile tan&#305;tmak yani as&#305;l terkib ismini hi&#231;e saymak, gelene&#287;in terkiplere bak&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305; tamamen de&#287;i&#351;tiren bir durum ortaya &#231;&#305;karmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a> Bununla birlikte; terkibler, sadece farkl&#305; makam dizilerinin veya d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;lilerin bir araya gelmesiyle olu&#351;turulmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Makam&#305;n veya terkibin as&#305;l seyrini bozan her durum yeni bir terkib ismini beraberinde getirmi&#351;tir. Burada, makama veya terkibe ait esas duygunun de&#287;i&#351;tirilmesi s&#246;z konusudur. Gelenekte &#246;zellikle XIX. as&#305;rda terkib anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda; her na&#287;menin ve her na&#287;meye eklenen ba&#351;ka bir na&#287;menin ortaya &#231;&#305;kard&#305;&#287;&#305; ezgiye isim verildi&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Burada ama&#231;, her farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; isimlendirmektir. Bu sebeple T&#252;rk musikisinde terkib ismi &#231;ok fazlad&#305;r. Bu anlay&#305;&#351;tan ayr&#305;larak bir dizinin perdeleriyle olu&#351;an farkl&#305; terkiblerin ismine sadece &#8220;bir&#8221; makam ismi vermek, T&#252;rk musikisi terkib olu&#351;turma gelene&#287;ine ayk&#305;r&#305; bir durum ortaya &#231;&#305;karmakta ve bestelerde-ezgilerde makam tetkik-tahlilinde yanl&#305;&#351;l&#305;klara neden olmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk makam musikisinde ezgi olu&#351;turmada en &#246;nemli iki unsur, perde ve seyirdir. Makam tabirinin as&#305;lda neyi ifade etti&#287;inin anla&#351;&#305;lamamas&#305;, makam ile terkib kavramlar&#305;n&#305;n birbirlerine kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;na sebep olmaktad&#305;r. Bu nedenle her iki tabirin &#252;zerinde biraz durulmas&#305; gerekmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Makam Kavram&#305; ve Makamlar&#305;n Olu&#351;umu</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Makam; farkl&#305; duygular&#305;n, na&#287;mede veya ezgide bir nevi kal&#305;pla&#351;m&#305;&#351; tezah&#252;r&#252;d&#252;r. Bu her bir kal&#305;p, hissiyat d&#252;nyas&#305;nda ayr&#305; bir ifadeye sahiptir. Nas&#305;l co&#351;ku, nefret, h&#252;z&#252;n gibi duygular&#305;n kendine has isimleri varsa T&#252;rk musiki d&#252;nyas&#305;nda da her bir na&#287;menin ismi vard&#305;r. Bir duygunun dile getirilmesinde k&#305;sa veya uzun ifadelere ihtiya&#231; duyulmakta ve her iki se&#231;imde de hangi duyguya sahip olundu&#287;u genel olarak anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Makamlar da bu na&#287;me d&#252;nyas&#305;n&#305;n i&#231;indeki farkl&#305; duygular&#305;n isimlendirilmesidir. &#214;rne&#287;in bir taksim esnas&#305;nda Rast, Hicaz, Saba, H&#252;seyni, Seg&#226;h vb makamlar aras&#305;nda ge&#231;i&#351; yapmak, farkl&#305; hislerin ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;na vesile olmaktad&#305;r. Burada ad&#305; ge&#231;en her bir makam&#305;n ortaya &#231;&#305;kabilmesi i&#231;in ise makama ait az say&#305;da esas perdenin bir araya getirilmesi ve yine makama ait &#246;zel na&#287;menin veya seyrin kullan&#305;lmas&#305; yeterli olmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;na g&#246;re makam yani m&#252;fred makam; sekiz tam perde i&#231;inde herhangi bir perdenin kutb yani merkez olarak al&#305;nmas&#305;yla, nermden tize ve tizden nerme<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a> hareketiyle merkez ald&#305;&#287;&#305; perdenin makam&#305; oldu&#287;unu kendi ba&#351;&#305;na g&#246;steren, ba&#351;ka makamlardan &#351;&#252;pheye yer b&#305;rakmayacak &#351;ekilde ayr&#305;lan, merkez perdesine ba&#287;l&#305; &#246;teki terkipleri de kendine ba&#287;layan, kendi karar yerine geldikten sonra seyrini tamamlayan ezgidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a> Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, bu tarife benzer ba&#351;ka bir tarifle kar&#351;&#305;m&#305;za &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r; &#8220;<em>&#8230;makam, uygun bir yol ile temel unsurlar&#305;n&#305;n i&#351;itilmesiyle kendine &#246;zg&#252; bir b&#252;t&#252;nl&#252;k ta&#351;&#305;y&#305;p, ba&#351;ka k&#305;s&#305;mlara b&#246;l&#252;nmesi m&#252;mk&#252;n olmayanl&#226;hindir.</em>&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a> Bu tariflerde; makamda kullan&#305;lan tam ve nim perdeler, merkez perde kullan&#305;m&#305;, ezgi/duygu farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;, kendine has seyir kullan&#305;m&#305;, temel unsurlara sahip ve kendine &#246;zg&#252; bir b&#252;t&#252;nl&#252;&#287;&#252; olmas&#305;, na&#287;menin ba&#351;ka k&#305;s&#305;mlara b&#246;l&#252;nememesi ve terkibleri kendine ba&#287;lamas&#305; gibi &#246;zelliklerin var oldu&#287;u ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Bunun d&#305;&#351;&#305;ndaki gezinmeler veya makam&#305;n ana perdelerinin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kullan&#305;lan perdeler, makam&#305;n s&#252;sleyen perdeleri arac&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;yla yap&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, makam&#305;n as&#305;l seyrinin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kullan&#305;lan perdeleri &#8220;h&#252;km&#8221; ba&#351;l&#305;&#287;&#305; alt&#305;nda vermi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a> Burada makam&#305;n nerme ve tize geni&#351;lemelerinde kullan&#305;lan perdeler s&#305;ralanmaktad&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, makamlar&#305;n az perdeye sahip olmas&#305;ndan dolay&#305; onlar&#305; s&#252;slemek i&#231;in ek perdelere ihtiya&#231; duyuldu&#287;undan bahsetmektedir. S&#252;sleyen perdeleri (m&#252;zeyyin) &#252;&#231; &#231;e&#351;ide ay&#305;rm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Biri &#8220;l&#226;z&#305;m&#8221; yani &#8220;gerekli&#8221; di&#287;eri &#8220;gayr-&#305; l&#226;z&#305;m&#8221; yani &#8220;gerekli olmayan&#8221; bir di&#287;erine ise isim verilmemi&#351;tir. L&#226;z&#305;m olan s&#252;sleyenler, makam&#305;n asl&#305;na ait bir par&#231;a gibi &#231;o&#287;u zaman kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;rlar. Rast makam&#305;nda neva, U&#351;&#351;ak makam&#305;nda acem perdesi gibi. Gayr-&#305; l&#226;z&#305;m s&#252;sleyenler ise baz&#305; bestelerde ihtiya&#231; dahilinde kullan&#305;lan perdelerdir. Bu s&#252;sleyenler iki &#231;e&#351;ittir. Biri &#8220;kar&#238;b-i l&#226;z&#305;m&#8221; yani &#8220;yak&#305;n gerekli&#8221; di&#287;eri &#8220;ba&#238;d-i l&#226;z&#305;m&#8221; yani &#8220;uzak gerekli&#8221; dir. Kar&#238;b-i l&#226;z&#305;m, eserlerde &#231;ok kullan&#305;lan perdelerdir. Rast makam&#305;nda yeg&#226;h perdesine kadar kullan&#305;lan perdeler ve U&#351;&#351;ak makam&#305;ndaki rast perdesi gibi. Ba&#238;d-i l&#226;z&#305;m ise eserlerde kullan&#305;m&#305; az olan perdelerdir. H&#252;seyni makam&#305;nda acem, Saba makam&#305;nda neva, Nihavend ve Suz-i Dilara&#8217;da seg&#226;h perdesinin kullan&#305;lmas&#305; gibi. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, son s&#252;sleyen &#231;e&#351;idine, -kuralar&#305; belirgin olmad&#305;&#287;&#305; ve &#252;statlar&#305;n iste&#287;ine b&#305;rak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in- isim vermemi&#351;tir. Verdi&#287;i misaller &#351;unlard&#305;r: Suz-i Dilara, Isfahan ve Ni&#351;abur makam&#305;nda &#8220;evc&#8221;, H&#252;seyni makam&#305;nda &#8220;hicaz&#8221;, Hicaz makam&#305;nda &#8220;acem&#8221;, Suz-i Dilara ve Nihavend makam&#305;nda &#8220;seg&#226;h&#8221;.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;nin makam tariflerinde dikkati &#231;eken husus, az say&#305;da perdelerin kullan&#305;lmas&#305; ve seyir geni&#351;lemelerinde s&#252;sleyen perdelerden bahsedilmesidir. Fakat burada &#351;unu anlamak gerekir ki makamlar&#305;n kendi duygular&#305;n&#305; ifade edebilmek i&#231;in s&#252;sleyen perdelere ihtiyac&#305; yoktur. S&#252;sleyen perdeler zevke g&#246;re sadece na&#287;menin daha zengin halde ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;n&#305; sa&#287;lamaktad&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;nin; s&#252;sleyen perdelerin sadece gerekti&#287;i zaman kullan&#305;lmas&#305; ve fazlas&#305;ndan ka&#231;&#305;n&#305;lmas&#305; gerekti&#287;i (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 129) uyar&#305;s&#305; da bu d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceyi desteklemektedir. Burada tercih bestek&#226;ra aittir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">XVII-XIX. as&#305;r nazariye kitaplar&#305; ve g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze ula&#351;an besteler incelendi&#287;inde, makamlarda perde ve seyrin b&#252;y&#252;k &#246;nem ta&#351;&#305;d&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Makam na&#287;mesini olu&#351;turmak i&#231;in seslere yani perdelere ve bu seslerin nizam&#305;n&#305; sa&#287;layan seyre ihtiya&#231; vard&#305;r. Na&#287;menin olu&#351;umunu sa&#287;layan as&#305;l perdeler ve hususi seyir, duygunun ifadesinde, bunun yan&#305;nda ayr&#305;m&#305;n ger&#231;ekle&#351;mesinde m&#252;him rol oynamaktad&#305;rlar. Seyirde &#246;nemli olan perdeler; agaz (ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231;), kutb (merkez, esas) ve karar (durak) perdeleridir. Burada kutb ve karar perdelerinin ayr&#305; bir &#246;nemi bulunmaktad&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; agaz yani ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; perdesi, makam tariflerinde kullan&#305;lan &#8220;nazari seyir&#8221;de veya bestelerde kullan&#305;lan &#8220;l&#226;hni seyir&#8221;de<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a> de&#287;i&#351;ebilmektedir. Makam i&#231;in belirlenen agaz perdesi sembolik gibi g&#246;r&#252;nse de seyrin hangi perde civar&#305;ndan ba&#351;layaca&#287;&#305;n&#305; anlatmas&#305; bak&#305;m&#305;ndan &#246;nem kazanmaktad&#305;r. Buna g&#246;re nazari seyirde yani kitap tarifinde ad&#305; yaz&#305;lan perdenin, bazen birka&#231; perde tizinden veya nerminden ba&#351;lanabilmektedir. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede bu durumu &#351;&#246;yle a&#231;&#305;klamaktad&#305;r<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a>:</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Gerek makamlar&#305;n gerek terkiblerin a&#231;&#305;klamalar&#305;nda birer seyir ba&#351;lang&#305;c&#305; belirlenmi&#351;ti. Ancak bu, ba&#351;ka yerden de&#287;il, sadece oradan ba&#351;lan&#305;r anlam&#305;na gelmez. O ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231;, belirlenmi&#351; bulunan ba&#351;lang&#305;c&#305;n ya &#252;st&#252;nden ya alt&#305;ndan ya da bir veya daha fazla eklenmi&#351; na&#287;melerden ba&#351;layabilir. Eklenmi&#351; bulunan bu na&#287;meler s&#252;sleyicisi olarak makam veya terkibin asl&#305;ndan say&#305;l&#305;r. U&#351;&#351;ak, Bayati ve H&#252;zzam&#8217;da ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; sesi olan neva perdesinden &#246;nce seg&#226;h ve &#231;arg&#226;h perdeleriyle ba&#351;lamak gibi.&#8221;</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Kutb ve karar perdelerinin &#246;nemi, makam&#305;n ismini belirlemede &#246;nemli bir role sahiptir. Kutb perdesi, seyirde merkez al&#305;nan perdeyi yani seyrin hangi perde etraf&#305;nda d&#246;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; ve &#246;zellikle hangi perdede kal&#305;&#351; yap&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;, karar perdesi ise seyrin nihayet buldu&#287;u perdeyi ifade etmektedir. &#8220;Agaz&#8221;, &#8220;merkez&#8221; &#8220;karar&#8221; &#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252; terkiplere uyguland&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ise agaz; seyre hangi perde veya makam/terkib ile ba&#351;and&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;, merkez; hangi makam&#305;n/terkibin veya hangi makamlar&#305;n/terkiplerin esas perdeleri etraf&#305;nda d&#246;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;n&#252; veya &#252;st&#252;nde kal&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;, karar ise hangi perdeyle, makamla veya terkiple seyrin bitti&#287;ini anlatmaktad&#305;r. XV. as&#305;rdan g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze makam&#305;n olu&#351;umunu a&#231;&#305;klamada &#231;e&#351;itli y&#246;ntemler uygulanm&#305;&#351; ve bu y&#246;ntemlerin sonucunda farkl&#305; makam say&#305;lar&#305; ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Sistemci nazariye ve onu takliden devam&#305;nda yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; di&#287;er nazariye kitaplar&#305; incelendi&#287;inde, belli d&#246;rtl&#252; be&#351;lilerin olu&#351;turdu&#287;u 12 diziye makam ad&#305; verilirken, Kantemiro&#287;lu ile &#8220;m&#252;fred makam&#8221; ad&#305; alt&#305;nda bu say&#305; 19&#8217;a &#231;&#305;kar&#305;lm&#305;&#351;, Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;yle birlikte say&#305; &#8220;makam&#8221; ad&#305;yla 14 olarak belirlenmi&#351; ve Arel ile &#8220;basit makam&#8221; ad&#305; alt&#305;nda son olarak 13 say&#305;s&#305;nda karar k&#305;l&#305;nm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu zaman aral&#305;&#287;&#305;nda; ilk &#246;nce, -makam say&#305;s&#305; belirlemede- sembolik bir rakam&#305;n kullan&#305;lmas&#305;ndan sonra &#231;a&#287;&#305;n zevklerinin g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;nde bulundurulmas&#305;, na&#287;me i&#231;inde kullan&#305;lan esas perdenin ortaya &#231;&#305;kar&#305;lmas&#305;, na&#287;menin az say&#305;da perdeyle kendini ifade edebilir &#246;zelli&#287;inde olmas&#305; &#246;nem kazanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, makam say&#305;lar&#305;n&#305; belirlerken risalesinde a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilen a&#231;&#305;klamay&#305; yapm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a>:</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#8230;(burada belirlenen isimler) sonraki eskilerin ortaya koyduklar&#305;na z&#305;tm&#305;&#351; gibi g&#246;r&#252;nseler de asl&#305;nda yeniliktir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; na&#287;melerdeki isim de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;i ve yeni y&#246;neli&#351;ler, yukar&#305;da belirtti&#287;imiz gibi millet hayat&#305;nda &#226;dettendir. Belirtmeliyiz ki zaman&#305;m&#305;z&#305;n yeni icatlar&#305; sayesinde musiki g&#252;l bah&#231;elerinin tekrar s&#252;slendi&#287;i ve d&#252;nyaya zevk ba&#287;&#305;&#351;lamakta oldu&#287;u, g&#246;ky&#252;z&#252;n&#252;n ortas&#305;nda bulunan g&#252;ne&#351; gibi a&#351;ikard&#305;r. Ve bu h&#226;lin ortaya &#231;&#305;kmas&#305;n&#305;n sebebi ilahi bir ilham&#305;n eseri olup insaf ehline gizli de&#287;ildir. Ve &#246;ncekilerin, sonraki eskilerin ve eskilerin makamlar&#305; say&#305;&#351;lar&#305;, avaze, &#351;ube ve terkib vazge&#231;meleri gibi bu eserde, makamlar&#305;n say&#305;s&#305;n&#305; azaltma ve yerine yenisini alma ile a&#231;&#305;klanaca&#287;&#305;na g&#246;re makam say&#305;s&#305; 14 olup avaze, &#351;ube ve terkip birbirinin detay&#305; say&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;ndan hepsine terkip denildi.&#8221;</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;nin bu paragraf&#305;ndan; makam-terkib say&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n de&#287;i&#351;ebildi&#287;ini ve bunun &#231;a&#287;&#305;n zevklerine g&#246;re normal bir durum oldu&#287;unu, eski baz&#305; ezgileri makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na dahil etmeyip ba&#351;ka lahinleri makamdan sayd&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;, avaze, &#351;ube ve terkibi bir kabul etti&#287;ini anl&#305;yoruz. Buna g&#246;re bir makam, zamanla terkip s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ya da bir terkip, zamanla makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nabilmekte ve s&#305;n&#305;f say&#305;lar&#305;nda farkl&#305;l&#305;k meydana gelebilmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sistemci nazariyeden g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze makam isimleri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da tabloda verilmi&#351;tir:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png" width="644" height="963" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:963,&quot;width&quot;:644,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:137958,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193944618?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FWwQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ea31098-23ab-433b-b2ca-50f60ce57d58_644x963.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki tabloya g&#246;re Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;nin makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ald&#305;&#287;&#305; l&#226;hinler; Rast, Seg&#226;h, Neva, Ni&#351;abur, H&#252;seyni, Rahevi, Buselik, Suz-i Dilara, Hicaz, Saba, Isfahan, Nihavend, Irak ve U&#351;&#351;ak&#8217;t&#305;r. Bu isimler, Meragi&#8217;nin &#8220;Camiu&#8217;l-elhan&#8221; (Sezikli, 2007, s. 68) eserindeki on iki makam ismiyle kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda; 9 ismin yani Rast, Neva, H&#252;seyni, Rahevi, Buselik, Hicaz, Isfahan, Irak ve U&#351;&#351;ak isimlerinin ayn&#305; kald&#305;&#287;&#305;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a> geriye kalan 3 ismin yani Zeng&#251;le, Zirefkend ve B&#252;z&#252;rg&#8217;&#252;n terkip s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305; ve makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na 5 isim daha yani; Seg&#226;h, Ni&#351;abur, Suz-i Dilara, Saba ve Nihavend&#8217;in eklendi&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;daki 19 m&#252;fred makam ismiyle kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ise; Irak, Rast, U&#351;&#351;ak, Seg&#226;h, Neva, H&#252;seyni, Buselik ve Saba&#8217;n&#305;n her ikisinde de ortak makam isimleri oldu&#287;u, &#199;arg&#226;h, Evc, Gerdaniyye, Muhayyer, Zeng&#251;le, K&#252;rdi, Bayati, Hisar, Acem, &#350;ehnaz ve Uzz&#226;l&#8217;in ise Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;dan farkl&#305; olarak terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Ayn&#305; &#351;ekilde Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan Nihavend, Hicaz ve Isfahan&#8217;&#305;n Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda, Ni&#351;abur&#8217;un ise m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda oldu&#287;u g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir. R<strong>a</strong>hevi ise Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da kullan&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan R<strong>e</strong>havi ismi ise Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da &#8220;ismi olup cismi olmayan makam&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na konulmu&#351;tur. Bununla beraber Arel-Ezgi&#8217;de &#8220;basit makam&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan U&#351;&#351;ak, Neva, Buselik, Rast, H&#252;seyni, Hicaz ve &#199;arg&#226;h, Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de ortak makam isimleridir. K&#252;rdi, Zeng&#251;le ve Uzz&#226;l Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da makam, Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkib, H&#252;mayun; di&#287;er ikisinde terkib, Suzn&#226;k ise Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkibdir. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da ise -o d&#246;nemde icat edilmedi&#287;i i&#231;in- ad&#305; yoktur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki bilgilerden de anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; &#252;zere makam ve terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda yer alan isimler her iki s&#305;n&#305;f aras&#305;nda yer de&#287;i&#351;tirebilmekte ya da ortak olarak makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda kabul edilebilmektedir. Bunun yan&#305;nda d&#246;nemin anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n, l&#226;hne bak&#305;&#351; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;n&#305;n veya ayn&#305; isme sahip fakat farkl&#305; d&#246;nemlerde seyir-perde de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;ine u&#287;ram&#305;&#351; makam-terkib isimlerinin, bu farkl&#305;l&#305;klara zemin haz&#305;rlad&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Mesela;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">U&#351;&#351;ak, Neva, Buselik, Rast, H&#252;seyni, Irak, Seg&#226;h ve Saba; Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;dan sonra Abd&#252;lbaki Dede d&#246;neminde de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;e u&#287;ramam&#305;&#351; makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan isimlerdir. Kantemiro&#287;lu, Nihavend ve Hicaz&#8217;&#305; terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda g&#246;sterirken Abd&#252;lbaki Dede bu isimleri makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na alm&#305;&#351; ve Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan K&#252;rdi ve Uzz&#226;l&#8217;i ise terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na koymu&#351;tur. Asl&#305;nda burada terkip tarifinde -d&#246;nem anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na g&#246;re- makama ait hangi esas na&#287;menin veya edan&#305;n kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; s&#246;z konusudur. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede d&#246;neminde &#8220;hicaz&#8221; perdesine Kantemiro&#287;lu d&#246;neminde &#8220;uzz&#226;l&#8221; ismi verilmektedir. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun H&#252;seyni makam&#305;na olan ayr&#305; d&#252;&#351;k&#252;nl&#252;&#287;&#252;n&#252;n<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a> ve bug&#252;n&#252;n hicaz perdesinin o zaman uzz&#226;l ismiyle an&#305;lmas&#305;n&#305;n, Uzz&#226;l seyrinin makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nmas&#305;na k&#226;fi oldu&#287;u d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lebilir. Bu sebeple makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda, Kantemiro&#287;lu Uzz&#226;l&#8217;i tercih ederken Abd&#252;lbaki Dede Hicaz&#8217;&#305; tercih etmi&#351;tir. Ayn&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceye benzer bir durum K&#252;rdi ve Nihavend i&#231;in de ge&#231;erlidir. Kantemiro&#287;lu anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;nda Nihavend, K&#252;rdi ba&#351;lay&#305;p rast perdesinde karar verirken Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de K&#252;rdi, Nihavend g&#246;sterip d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde karar vermektedir. Bu sebeple, kendi veya d&#246;nemin anlay&#305;&#351;lar&#305;na g&#246;re bir isim tercih edilmi&#351;tir. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan Isfahan ise Kantemiro&#287;lu d&#246;neminde terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, neva perdesinde kal&#305;&#351; yap&#305;l&#305;rken hicaz ve &#231;arg&#226;h perdelerinin de&#287;i&#351;meli kullan&#305;lmas&#305;n&#305; &#246;zel bir na&#287;me olarak g&#246;rm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu d&#246;neminde ise bu &#246;zel na&#287;meye bir de kararda Saba na&#287;mesi eklendi&#287;i i&#231;in terkibdir. Abd&#252;lb&#226;ki Dede&#8217;de makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan R<strong>a</strong>hevi ise sistemci nazariyesi d&#246;neminden sonra Kantemiro&#287;lu edvar&#305;nda bulunmamaktad&#305;r. &#304;smi olup cismi olmayan makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na koydu&#287;u R<strong>e</strong>havi ise Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkip s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r ve Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n y&#252;r&#252;y&#252;&#351;&#252;ndeki ufak bir de&#287;i&#351;iklikten ba&#351;kas&#305; de&#287;ildir. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede d&#246;neminde makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nan ve Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;da m&#252;rekkep makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan bir di&#287;er isim ise Ni&#351;abur&#8217;dur. Kantemiro&#287;lu, makam&#305;n acem, uzz&#226;l ve buselik nim perdeleriyle olu&#351;tu&#287;u ve bu perdelerle karar yeri a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan di&#287;er makamlarla uyu&#351;mad&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in seyri &#8220;m&#252;rekkeb makam&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na koymu&#351;tur. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede ise bu farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;, hususi bir na&#287;me olarak g&#246;rm&#252;&#351; ve makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na alm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lbaki Dede d&#246;neminde yeni icat olan makam Suz-i Dilara&#8217;d&#305;r. Bu yeni icad&#305;n neden makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305; &#246;nemli bir husustur. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; baz&#305; ara&#351;t&#305;rmac&#305;lara g&#246;re bu terkibdir ve k&#246;kl&#252; makamlarla bir arada verilmemelidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a> &#214;ncelikle Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan isimler incelenecek olursa; U&#351;&#351;ak, Seg&#226;h, Neva, H&#252;seyni ve Irak makamlar&#305;n&#305;n tam perdelerle, Rast&#8217;&#305;n tam perdelerin yan&#305;nda s&#252;sleyenlerine acem perdesinin de kat&#305;lmas&#305;yla, Hicaz&#8217;&#305;n tam perdelerin yan&#305;nda hicaz perdesiyle<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a>, Saba&#8217;n&#305;n saba ve acem nim perdeleriyle, Ni&#351;abur&#8217;un hicaz, buselik ve acem nim perdeleriyle, Isfahan&#8217;&#305;n hicaz-&#231;argah perdelerinin de&#287;i&#351;imiyle, Rahevi&#8217;nin d&#252;g&#226;h, zeng&#251;le, rast ve geve&#351;t perdelerinin bir arada kullan&#305;lmas&#305;yla, Buselik&#8217;in buselik ve Nihavend&#8217;in nihavend/k&#252;rdi nim perdesini almas&#305;yla olu&#351;tu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Sayd&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z makamlar aras&#305;nda, buselik ve geve&#351;t nim perdelerini kullanarak rast perdesinde karar veren bir na&#287;me yoktur. Bu durum ister istemez o d&#246;nemde bir eksikli&#287;in habercisidir. Her ne kadar XIX. as&#305;r &#246;ncesi ve XX. as&#305;rda kullan&#305;lan Mahur seyrinde bu perdelerin kullanmas&#305; veya XVIII. as&#305;rda Tanburi K&#252;&#231;&#252;k Artin&#8217;de tarifi verilen Mahurek&#8217;in yine bu perdelerle olu&#351;turulmas&#305;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a>, Suz-i Dilara&#8217;y&#305; makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda gereksiz olarak g&#246;sterse de makamlar&#305;n geni&#351; bir seyir alan&#305;nda olu&#351;mad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; hat&#305;rlayarak Mahur&#8217;u ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede d&#246;neminde gerdaniyye perdesine ta&#351;&#305;nm&#305;&#351; Mahurek&#8217;i; Suz-i Dilara ile bir tutmak, yerinde bir d&#252;&#351;&#252;nce olamamaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-18" href="#footnote-18" target="_self">18</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel nazariyesine bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ise -daha &#246;nce de belirtildi&#287;i gibi- makam&#305;n kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; olan m&#252;fred yani basit makamlar&#305;n, tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ve be&#351;liye sahip olma zorunlulu&#287;u oldu&#287;u ve bu d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;lilerin birle&#351;ti&#287;i yerde g&#252;&#231;l&#252; perdesinin olmas&#305; gerekti&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-19" href="#footnote-19" target="_self">19</a></p><p><strong>Terkib Kavram&#305; ve Terkiblerin Olu&#351;turulmas&#305;</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Terkibin anlam&#305; asl&#305;nda birle&#351;imdir. Bu birle&#351;imden kast&#305;n ne oldu&#287;unu anlamak ise &#246;nemli bir ayr&#305;nt&#305;d&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede kitaplar&#305; incelendi&#287;inde; terkibin, iki veya daha fazla makam&#305;n bir araya getirilmesiyle, bir makama ek na&#287;melerin, perdelerin veya birle&#351;imlerin dahil edilmesiyle olu&#351;tu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, birka&#231; perdenin &#252;zerinde gezinilerek, birka&#231; makam&#305;n yerine u&#287;rand&#305;ktan sonra bu makamlardan birinin karar perdesine gelinmesiyle terkibin olu&#351;aca&#287;&#305;n&#305; yazmaktad&#305;r. (Tura, 2001, s. 40)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, terkibi; iki ya da daha fazla makamdan, bir makama ek na&#287;me veya perdenin eklenmesiyle olu&#351;an l&#226;hin oldu&#287;unu yazmaktad&#305;r. Terkibleri, &#8220;&#304;zaf&#238;&#8221; ve Mezc&#238;&#8221; olmak &#252;zere iki neviye ay&#305;rmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-20" href="#footnote-20" target="_self">20</a> &#304;zaf&#238; terkip, kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; perdeler a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan birbirinden farkl&#305; olan iki ya da daha fazla makam&#305;n, biri &#246;nde di&#287;eri sonda, geri kalan&#305; da ortada kullan&#305;lmak &#252;zere seyrin eklemeli olarak d&#252;zenlenmesidir. Ya da bir makam &#252;zerine na&#287;me ekleyerek olu&#351;turulmu&#351; &#246;zel bir seyir par&#231;as&#305;n&#305;n ayn&#305; yolla d&#252;zenlenmesidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-21" href="#footnote-21" target="_self">21</a> Mezc&#238; terkip, ayn&#305; perde d&#252;zenine sahip iki veya daha fazla makam ya da terkibin birbirleri ile karma haline gelerek seyirde birle&#351;mesiyle ortaya &#231;&#305;kan seyirdir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-22" href="#footnote-22" target="_self">22</a> Bu terkip &#231;e&#351;itlerinin, ayn&#305; ve farkl&#305; perde veya aral&#305;k d&#252;zenine sahip makam veya terkiplerin bir araya getirilmesiyle olu&#351;turuldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, m&#252;rekkeb makam&#305;n olu&#351;umunu &#252;&#231; s&#305;n&#305;fa ay&#305;rm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bunlar; Kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k, Birle&#351;imli ve Ekli makamlard&#305;r. Kat&#305;&#351;&#305;k makamlar, bir sekizli i&#231;indeki ge&#231;kiden veya ge&#231;kilerden do&#287;an ve dizileri bir sekizli halinde g&#246;sterilebilen m&#252;rekkep makamlard&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-23" href="#footnote-23" target="_self">23</a> Birle&#351;imli makamlar, bir sekizliden daha geni&#351; saha i&#231;indeki ge&#231;kiden veya ge&#231;kilerden do&#287;an ve dizileri bittabi bir sekizliye s&#305;&#287;mayan m&#252;rekkep makamlard&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-24" href="#footnote-24" target="_self">24</a> Ekli makamlar ise herhangi bir makam&#305;n dizisi sonuna sadece K&#252;rdi veya Buselik ge&#231;kisinin eklenmesinden do&#287;an m&#252;rekkep makamlard&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-25" href="#footnote-25" target="_self">25</a> Bununla beraber her hangi bir makam&#305;n dizisi i&#231;indeki perdelerden biri veya bir ka&#231;&#305; h&#252;viyetini de&#287;i&#351;tirmeye muhta&#231; olursa o makam yine m&#252;rekkeptir. Arel, kitab&#305;nda ayr&#305;ca m&#252;rekkep makamlar&#305;n faydas&#305; ve mahzurlar&#305;ndan bahsetmi&#351;tir. Faydalar&#305; bir kenara b&#305;rak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda, en b&#252;y&#252;k mahzur olarak g&#246;rd&#252;&#287;&#252; konu, m&#252;rekkep makamlar&#305;n ge&#231;kiden do&#287;mas&#305; sebebiyle ge&#231;kide hududun olmamas&#305;d&#305;r. Bu nedenle her ge&#231;kiyi makam diye ay&#305;r&#305;p isimlendirmenin sonu gelmeyecektir. M&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;n b&#252;nyesindeki gedik; ge&#231;kiyi l&#252;zumsuz yere &#231;enberlemek ve pek ucuza makam bollu&#287;u ihdas etmektir. (Arel, 1993, s. 309,313)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da ayn&#305; konuyu iki farkl&#305; g&#246;r&#252;&#351;le kaleme ald&#305;&#287;&#305; g&#246;r&#252;len Abd&#252;lbaki Dede ve H.S. Arel&#8217;in, terkibe/m&#252;rekkeb makama nas&#305;l bakt&#305;klar&#305; ele al&#305;nacak olursa; terkib/m&#252;rekkeb makam olu&#351;umunda her iki tarafta, birle&#351;imin kastedildi&#287;i fakat bu birle&#351;imin hangi yolla yap&#305;laca&#287;&#305; konusunda baz&#305; farkl&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncelere sahip olundu&#287;u, bununla beraber ecdad&#305;n bir makam na&#287;mesinde duyulan her farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; yeni bir isimle terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na almas&#305;n&#305;n aksine Arel&#8217;de her ge&#231;kinin isimlendirilmesinin ve bunun sonucu olarak isim &#231;o&#287;almas&#305;n&#305;n mahzurlu g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, terkiblerin olu&#351;umunu s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;r&#305;rken perde ve aral&#305;k d&#252;zenlerini g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;nde bulundurmu&#351;, Arel ise m&#252;rekkeb makam&#305;n bir sekizli dahilinde olup olunmad&#305;&#287;&#305;na ve karara K&#252;rdi veya Buselik&#8217;li gidilip gidilmedi&#287;ine bakm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu s&#305;n&#305;flamalarda, ilk bak&#305;&#351;ta ortak noktalar yok denilemese de Arel&#8217;in her s&#305;n&#305;f i&#231;in verdi&#287;i makam veya terkib isimleri (23 ve 24. dipnot), d&#252;&#351;&#252;nce boyutunun farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; g&#246;zler &#246;n&#252;ne sermektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-26" href="#footnote-26" target="_self">26</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;rnek verilecek olursa: XIX. as&#305;rda Mahur-&#305; Keb&#238;r (Mahur) terkibi, gerdaniye perdesinden seyre ba&#351;lamakta gerdaniye ve neva &#252;zerinde Rast duyurduktan sonra tam perdelerle veya Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl ile rasta gelerek karar vermektedir. Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, Sultan Selim&#8217;in Mahur-&#305; Kebir &#351;ark&#305;s&#305;nda; seyirde muhayyer perdesinin tutulmas&#305; ve h&#252;seyni perdesinde kal&#305;&#351;lar yap&#305;lmas&#305;n&#305; Mahur-&#305; Kebir&#8217;in ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; seyrinden farkl&#305; g&#246;rm&#252;&#351; ve hemen bunu isimlendirerek buradaki harekete &#8220;Dilara&#8221; ad&#305;n&#305; vermi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-27" href="#footnote-27" target="_self">27</a> Mahur&#8217;un seyrinde, muhayyer veya h&#252;seyni perdesinde kal&#305;&#351;lar, Arel d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesine g&#246;re farkl&#305; bir isimle kitab&#305;nda bulunan m&#252;rekkep makamlar aras&#305;na almak gereksizdir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; bu d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceye g&#246;re Mahur seyrinde bu perdelerde kal&#305;&#351;lar pek tabii yap&#305;labilir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-28" href="#footnote-28" target="_self">28</a> Bunun yan&#305;nda Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n seyrin ba&#351;&#305;nda nevay&#305;, evci, h&#252;seyniyi merkez almas&#305; veya Seg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n seyrin ba&#351;&#305;nda evc perdesini tutmas&#305; da &#246;nemli de&#287;ildir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; hepsi Rast ya da Seg&#226;h dizisine sahiptir veya bu &#246;zellikleri ihtiva eden terkiplerin tan&#305;mlar&#305;n&#305; vermek, m&#252;rekkeb makam say&#305;s&#305;n&#305; gereksiz bir bi&#231;imde art&#305;racakt&#305;r. Bu nedenle biraz &#246;nce ad&#305;n&#305; verdi&#287;imiz terkip isimlerinin hi&#231;biri Arel nazariyesinde bulunmamaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-29" href="#footnote-29" target="_self">29</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu ilk bak&#305;&#351;ta uygun veya tercih meselesi gibi g&#246;r&#252;nse de Arel g&#246;r&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;n; XVII-XIX. as&#305;r nazariyat&#305;n&#305;n terkip ifadesinden ne anlad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; aktarmak a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan yetersiz kald&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Arel&#8217;in m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na ald&#305;&#287;&#305; isimler -bir iki istisna hari&#231;- Klasik/TSM repertuvarda beste &#246;rne&#287;i -yeterli olsun olmas&#305;n- bulunanlard&#305;r. Baz&#305; m&#252;rekkeb makam olma &#246;zelli&#287;ine sahip olanlar da zaten basit makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan makam ismiyle etiketlendirilmi&#351;tir. Ya da eski terkiblerin hepsine yer vermek gereksiz bir &#231;aba olacakt&#305;r.</p><h2><strong>Sonu&#231; ve &#214;neriler</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Bir duygunun k&#305;saca veya uzun c&#252;mlelerle dile getirilmesi gibi her bir makam&#305;n da kendine &#246;zg&#252; k&#305;sa na&#287;mesi veya bu na&#287;meyi farkl&#305; perdelerle s&#252;sleyen geni&#351;lemesi vard&#305;r. &#214;zellikle Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin makam tarifleri d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;nde &#246;nce makam&#305; olu&#351;turan esas perdelerin verildi&#287;ini ard&#305;ndan nerme veya tize y&#252;r&#252;y&#252;&#351;lerde hangi s&#252;sleyen perdelerin kullan&#305;laca&#287;&#305; hat&#305;rlan&#305;r. Burada as&#305;l mevzu, makamlar&#305;n &#231;ok az perdelerle olu&#351;abilmesidir. Bir beste veya taksimde fazla perdelerle uzun c&#252;mleler meydana getirilse de asl&#305;nda makam&#305; olu&#351;turan veya makam&#305;n as&#305;l duygusunu veren perde say&#305;s&#305; azd&#305;r. Bunun yan&#305;nda ayn&#305; makamda yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; be&#351;-on bestenin zemin b&#246;l&#252;mleri incelenip sadece ortak noktalar bir yere not edildi&#287;inde ortaya birka&#231; sat&#305;r&#305; ge&#231;meyecek sonu&#231; &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;de ise makamlar ayr&#305; bir boyutta ele al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de makam/m&#252;fred makam kabul edilen; Saba, Seg&#226;h ve Irak makam&#305;, Arel nazariyesinde -i&#231;inde tam d&#246;rtl&#252; bar&#305;nd&#305;rmad&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in- m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;ndad&#305;r. Bununla beraber Arel&#8217;de basit makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda ve Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan H&#252;mayun, s&#305;rf Hicaz&#8217;dan farkl&#305; olarak; acem perdesini almas&#305; olarak g&#246;r&#252;lm&#252;&#351;, i&#231;indeki Isfahan na&#287;mesi yok say&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-30" href="#footnote-30" target="_self">30</a> Bunun sonucu olarak da Arel nazariyesinde, basit/m&#252;fred makam&#305;n -kendine has duygusu ve az perdelerle kendini ifade edebilir kabiliyeti yok say&#305;larak- ancak i&#231;inde tam d&#246;rtl&#252;-be&#351;linin olu&#351;turdu&#287;u bir dizinin bulunmas&#305;yla ve tam d&#246;rtl&#252; -be&#351;linin birle&#351;ti&#287;i yerde g&#252;&#231;l&#252; perdesinin olu&#351;mas&#305;yla ortaya &#231;&#305;kabilece&#287;i g&#246;r&#252;&#351;&#252; netlik kazanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Terkibler ise bir makama has duygunun de&#287;i&#351;tirilmesiyle meydana gelmektedir. Bu de&#287;i&#351;imler makam&#305;n ba&#351;&#305;na, sonuna veya ortas&#305;na yerle&#351;tirilen ek na&#287;melerle veya makam ya da terkiblerle meydana gelmektedir. Genel olarak bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda XVII-XIX. as&#305;r nazariyat&#305; ile Arel nazariyesi terkib/m&#252;rekkeb, makam olu&#351;turulmas&#305; ayn&#305; g&#246;r&#252;nse de anlay&#305;&#351; farkl&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n oldu&#287;u - daha &#246;nce verilen bilgiler dahilinde- a&#351;ikard&#305;r. Her birle&#351;imde isimlendirme konusundaki gereksizli&#287;in ifade edilmesi ve sadece hayat&#305;n&#305; devam eden terkibleri/m&#252;rekkeb makamlar&#305;, yine sadece belli repertuara bak&#305;larak ya da ferdi zevke/d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceye dayal&#305; ele al&#305;nmas&#305; da farkl&#305; bak&#305;&#351; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;n&#305;n ortaya &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; g&#246;stermektedir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-31" href="#footnote-31" target="_self">31</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu &#231;al&#305;&#351;mada as&#305;l konu; makam ve terkibin as&#305;lda neyi ifade etti&#287;idir. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde &#8220;Basit&#8221; veya &#8220;M&#252;fred&#8221; olarak isimlendirilen makamlar, XVIII-XIX. as&#305;r nazari anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na g&#246;re asl&#305;nda sadece &#8220;Makam&#8221;d&#305;r. Fakat Arel nazariyesiyle birlikte makama farkl&#305; anlamlar&#305;n y&#252;klenmesi; yanl&#305;&#351; isimlerin de bu s&#305;n&#305;fa mensup olmas&#305;na neden olmu&#351;tur. Bunun yan&#305;nda baz&#305; nazariyeciler, basit makamlar&#305; bir dizi olarak g&#246;r&#252;p, terkib ya da m&#252;rekkeb makam i&#231;inde asl&#305;nda birka&#231; perdeyle kendini ifade edebilen makam na&#287;melerine &#8220;&#231;e&#351;ni&#8221; ismini vermi&#351;tir. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde, basit makam&#305;n olu&#351;umuna ayk&#305;r&#305; olan di&#287;er olu&#351;umlara &#8220;birle&#351;ik makam&#8221; ad&#305; verilmektedir. Birle&#351;ik makam, -isimlendirmeye g&#246;re d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;nde- en az iki makam&#305;n birle&#351;mesi neticesinde olu&#351;maktad&#305;r. Ortaya &#231;&#305;kacak birle&#351;imde iki makam yerine, bir makama ve makam &#246;zelli&#287;i ta&#351;&#305;mayan ek bir na&#287;me veya perde eklendi&#287;inde ise &#8220;birle&#351;ik makam&#8221; ad&#305;, vasf&#305;n&#305; yitirecektir. Bunun yerine, as&#305;rlarca kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;, &#8220;birle&#351;im&#8221;, &#8220;birle&#351;tirme&#8221; veya &#8220;birka&#231; &#351;eyin birle&#351;tirilmesi&#8221; anlamlar&#305;na gelen &#8220;terkib&#8221; ismi, -yap&#305;lan i&#351; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;nde- daha do&#287;ru gelmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Her musikinin kendine has vas&#305;flar&#305; vard&#305;r. T&#252;rk musikisinin as&#305;l vasflar&#305; aras&#305;nda; perde, makam ve terkib bulunmaktad&#305;r. Bir dilde ifade zenginli&#287;i, o dilin kelime haznesinin geni&#351; olmas&#305;na ba&#287;lanabiliyorsa, bu musikide na&#287;me/ezgi zenginli&#287;i de perde, makam ve terkib zenginli&#287;ine ba&#287;l&#305;d&#305;r. Ba&#351;ka bir de&#287;i&#351;le her farkl&#305; na&#287;me veya seyir, bir makam&#305;n/terkibin habercisi durumundad&#305;r. Ortaya &#231;&#305;kan her na&#287;me veya ezginin bir ad&#305; vard&#305;r. Yoksa da konmaktad&#305;r. Bir m&#252;zisyenin veya nazariyecinin, makam/terkib bilgisine sahip olmas&#305; da musikide ifade ve tespit g&#252;c&#252;n&#252; ortaya koymaktad&#305;r. &#350;unu da a&#231;&#305;klamakta fayda vard&#305;r: Burada bahsedilen; bir m&#252;zisyenin taksim, gazel veya kaside esnas&#305;nda yapt&#305;&#287;&#305; her ge&#231;kiyi terkib olarak isimlendirmek de&#287;ildir. Bu da yap&#305;labilir fakat -nota olsun ses kayd&#305; olsun- elimizde bulunan her bir bestenin, (beste, &#351;ark&#305;, t&#252;rk&#252;, ilahi vs) bir d&#246;nemi ve bir gelene&#287;i yans&#305;tt&#305;&#287;&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;l&#252;yorsa, ezgilerinin ona g&#246;re tahlil edilmesi gerekti&#287;idir. T&#252;rk musikisi her&#351;eyden &#246;nce gelenek ve hangi tarzda/dalda olursa olsun (halk musikisi, klasik musiki, dini musiki, mehter/askeri musiki vs) makam musikisidir. Her tarz i&#231;in perde, makam, terkib ve usul kavramlar&#305; ayn&#305; anlama sahiptir. Bu sebeple, sadece gelene&#287;i ya da Arel nazariyesini savunan fakat ikisine de tam olarak vak&#305;f olmayanlar&#305;n olu&#351;turdu&#287;u ortam&#305;n veya do&#287;ru yanl&#305;&#351; pek &#231;ok &#246;rne&#287;in zemininde yer alan g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;z karma&#351;&#305;k nazari anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n; bir kenarda b&#305;rak&#305;l&#305;p, ya&#351;ayan musikiyi veya musikinin icra taraf&#305;n&#305; en iyi ifade eden nazariyeyi tespit etmek, yoksa da icat etmek, yeni sorular &#252;retmek veya eski sorulara yeni cevaplar bulmak; T&#252;rk musikisinin kimli&#287;ini anlamada yard&#305;mc&#305; olacak &#246;ncelikli yakla&#351;&#305;mlar olacakt&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Dipnotlar</strong></h2><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, makam tarifinde &#351;unlar&#305; yazmaktad&#305;r: &#8220;Dizide veya l&#226;hinde seslerin durakla ve g&#252;&#231;l&#252; ile m&#252;nasebetlerinden do&#287;an hususiyete &#8216;makam&#8217; denilir. &#350;u h&#226;lde makam, bir durakla bir g&#252;&#231;l&#252;n&#252;n etraf&#305;nda bunlara ba&#287;l&#305; olarak toplanm&#305;&#351; seslerin umumi durumudur&#8230; Dizi makam&#305;n &#231;at&#305;s&#305;n&#305; g&#246;sterir&#8230; Dizilerde en m&#252;him sesler s&#305;ras&#305;yla durak, g&#252;&#231;l&#252;, yedendir&#8230; Dizideki seslerden her biri kendi bulundu&#287;u yere mahsus vazifeyi yapar ve makam de&#287;i&#351;medik&#231;e onun bu vazifesi de&#287;i&#351;mez. Her ne zaman dizideki seslerden birinin ya h&#252;viyeti yahut vazifesi de&#287;i&#351;irse orada mutlaka makam de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;i vard&#305;r&#8230; Her bir makam&#305;n dizisi ilk &#246;nce hangi durak &#252;zerine kurulmu&#351;sa makam&#305;n &#8216;as&#305;l mevkii&#8217; oras&#305;d&#305;r&#8230; Bir makam&#305; as&#305;l mevkiinden ba&#351;ka bir yere g&#246;&#231;&#252;rmek o makam&#305;n &#351;eddini yapmak olur&#8230; Bir tam d&#246;rtl&#252; ile bir tam be&#351;linin veya tersine bir tam be&#351;li ile bir tam d&#246;rtl&#252;n&#252;n birle&#351;mesinden has&#305;l olup da g&#252;&#231;l&#252;s&#252; ek yerinde g&#246;r&#252;len ve birinci-d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; dereceleri aras&#305;nda tam d&#246;rtl&#252; nisbeti bulunmakla beraber kal&#305;&#351;&#305; da tam bir istirahat duygusu veren dizilerin makamlar&#305; &#8216;basit&#8217; say&#305;l&#305;r. Bu vas&#305;flar&#305; haiz olmayan dizilerin makamlar&#305; &#8216;m&#252;rekkep&#8217;tir.&#8221; (Arel, 1993, s. 31 33)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Rast Makam&#305;: &#8220;Rast makam&#305; &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305;d&#305;r... bir Rast be&#351;lisinin tiz taraf&#305;na bir Rast d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252; eklenmek suretiyle yap&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Dizinin aral&#305;klar&#305; pestten tize do&#287;ru &#8216;T K S T + T K S&#8217; ve tizden peste do&#287;ru &#8216;S K T + T S K T&#8217; tertibinde s&#305;ralanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Be&#351;li ve d&#246;rtl&#252;n&#252;n birle&#351;ti&#287;i yerde bulunan ses (be&#351;inci derece) g&#252;&#231;l&#252; vazifesini ta&#351;&#305;r. Makam&#305;n as&#305;l mevkii Rast perdesidir. Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma &#8216;si&#8217; i&#231;in bir koma bemol&#252; ve &#8216;fa&#8217; i&#231;in be&#351;inci &#231;izgi &#252;zerine bir bakiye diyezi konulur. Rast makam&#305; dizisi &#351;udur: (Arel, 1993, s. 47)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png" width="416" height="75" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:75,&quot;width&quot;:416,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:21667,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193944618?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VliF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F24ba9920-5cfd-4820-bbba-9fbf5c1d81b3_416x75.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Ferahfeza Makam&#305;: &#8220;Acem-A&#351;iran perdesindeki &#199;arg&#226;h makamiyle Yeg&#226;h perdesindeki B&#251;selik makam&#305;ndan m&#252;rekkeptir ve inicidir. Notas&#305; yaz&#305;l&#305;rken donan&#305;ma yaln&#305;z Si i&#231;in bir k&#252;&#231;&#252;k m&#252;cennep bemol&#252; konulur. Ferahfez&#226; makam&#305;n&#305; terkip eden iki diziyi kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;ral&#305;m:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png" width="425" height="123" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:123,&quot;width&quot;:425,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:31688,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193944618?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZpoF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31d56669-8fa4-4bc5-aec5-d8c5ded3e2e9_425x123.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Ferahfez&#226; Makam&#305;n&#305;n Seyri: Acem-A&#351;iran perdesindeki &#199;arg&#226;h makam&#305; dizisinin tiz taraf&#305;ndan ba&#351;lan&#305;r; sonra o dizi ile Yeg&#226;hdaki B&#251;selik makam&#305; dizisinin ortak seslerinden istifade edilerek Yeg&#226;h perdesinde karar verilir. Bu esas muhafaza edilmek &#351;artiyle ba&#351;ka ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kiler yap&#305;lmas&#305;na mani yoktur&#8221; (Arel, 1993, s. 141-142)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl ve Necd-i H&#252;seyni terkipleri ilk akla gelen isimler aras&#305;ndad&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Nerm, Fars&#231;ada yumu&#351;ak veya gev&#351;ek (Devellio&#287;lu, 1993, s. 862) anlam&#305;na gelmektedir. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda, bir sesin a&#351;a&#287;&#305;s&#305;nda veya sekizlisinde bulunan di&#287;er sesler i&#231;in kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Makalede de kaba, kal&#305;n, pest gibi tabirlerin yerine kullan&#305;lacakt&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;M&#252;fred mak&#257;m oldur ki sekiz tem&#257;m perdelerin ortas&#305;nda olan perdeyi kutb-&#305; d&#257;ire-i perdeh&#257; id&#252;b [perdelerin merkezi yap&#305;p] gerek t&#238;zden nerme gerek nermden t&#238;ze var&#305;lsa kutb-&#305; mezk&#251;rda ol perdenin mak&#257;m&#305; oldu&#287;una bi&#8217;z-z&#257;t g&#246;sterir ve s&#257;&#8217;ir mak&#257;mlardan bil&#226;-&#351;&#252;bhe fasl ve tefr&#238;k olunur ve ol perdelere mans&#363;b olan terk&#238;b&#257;t&#305; kend&#252;ye t&#257;bi&#8217; itdirir ve mahs&#363;s olan kar&#257;rg&#226;h&#305;na vard&#305;kdan sonra icr&#257;-y&#305; tetimme-i mak&#257;m eyledi&#287;ine bey&#257;n ider.&#8221;<em> </em>(Tura, 2001, s.41)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;&#8230;vech-i m&#252;n&#226;s&#238;b ile madde-i asliyesi &#252;zre sem&#257;&#8217;&#305;nda kend&#252;ye mahs&#363;s bir hey&#8217;et sahibi olub &#351;unun gibi uhr&#257;ya inkis&#257;ma k&#257;bil olmayan l&#226;hndir.&#8221;<em> </em>(Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 107)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>H&#252;km-i Seg&#226;h, H&#252;km-i Rast vb.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bilgilerin tamam&#305;na eri&#351;mek i&#231;in bkz: (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 109,111,129) Abd&#252;lbaki Dede, buradaki &#246;rnekler aras&#305;na &#8220;ba&#238;d-i l&#226;z&#305;m&#8221;da verdi&#287;i &#8220;Nihavend ve Suz-i Dilara&#8217;daki seg&#226;h kullan&#305;m&#305; &#246;rne&#287;ini de eklemi&#351;tir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Hatipo&#287;lu, Nazari ve L&#226;hni seyiri tan&#305;mlarken &#351;unlar&#305; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r: &#8220;T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;siyle al&#226;kal&#305; eski nazariye kitaplar&#305;nda mak&#257;mlar; basit seyirlerle ifadelendirilmi&#351;lerdir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; burada maksat; mak&#257;m&#305;n hareket ve biti&#351; noktas&#305;n&#305;, bunun yan&#305;nda seyrin hangi perdeler etraf&#305;nda olu&#351;turuldu&#287;unu ifade etmektir. Seyirde aslolan perdeler; &#8220;ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; perdesi&#8221; (&#257;g&#257;z), &#8220;merkez perdesi veya perdeleri&#8221; (kutb) ve &#8220;kar&#257;r perdesi&#8221; dir. Biz bu tarz tan&#305;t&#305;m amac&#305; ta&#351;&#305;yan seyirlere &#8220;<strong>Nazar&#238; Seyir</strong>&#8221; ad&#305;n&#305; veriyoruz. Nazar&#238; seyirler, mak&#257;m&#305;n izleyece&#287;i seyri, perde isimleriyle basit bir &#351;ekilde tarif ederler ve mak&#257;m&#305;n nazar&#238; &#246;&#287;retiminde kullan&#305;l&#305;rlar. Bunun yan&#305;nda bestelerde g&#246;r&#252;len seyir her zaman mak&#257;m&#305;n nazar&#238; seyrini birebir takip etmez. Bir repertuar/na&#287;me kazan&#305;m&#305; ve tecr&#252;be sonucu; s&#252;sleyici perdelerin de kat&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;, fakat as&#305;l kaidenin bozulmas&#305;na izin verilmeden &#231;e&#351;itli seyir &#231;e&#351;itlemeleri geli&#351;ir. Seyir; art&#305;k bir taks&#238;m, beste veya na&#287;melerle bir ezgi yani l&#226;hn h&#226;lini al&#305;yorsa, bu tarz seyirlere de &#8220;<strong>L&#226;hn&#238; Seyir</strong>&#8221; ad&#305;n&#305; veriyoruz. (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2019, s. 52-53)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;Ez&#8217;&#257;n c&#252;mle biri gerek mak&#257;mat&#305;n gerek terk&#238;b&#257;t&#305;n bahslerinde birbirlerine birer mebde ta&#8217;ayy&#252;n olan na&#287;me mebde olarak fevkinden ya taht&#305;ndan bir ya daha ziy&#257;de na&#287;me ile bed&#8217; olunur. L&#226;kin ol mak&#257;m&#305;n ya terk&#238;bin maddesinden olub g&#251;y&#257; m&#252;zeyyini olur. U&#351;&#351;&#257;k ve Bay&#257;t&#238; ve H&#252;zz&#257;m&#8217;da mebde&#8217; olan nev&#257; perdesinden evvel seg&#226;h ve &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi ile ibtid&#257; gibi.&#8221;<em> </em>(Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 235-237)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;&#8230;kudem&#257;&#8217;-i m&#252;te&#8217;ahhir&#238;ne bi-hasbi&#8217;l-i&#8217;tib&#257;r min ve&#231;hin muhalefeti olsa da tecedd&#252;d&#252;nden h&#226;l&#238; de&#287;ildir. Z&#238;r&#257; tebdil-i esm&#257;&#8217;-i elh&#257;n ve i&#8217;tib&#257;r&#257;t-&#305; ced&#238;d b&#257;l&#226;da mezk&#251;r oldu&#287;u minv&#226;l &#252;zere &#8216;&#257;det-i kavmdir. B&#257;hus&#363;s f&#238; zam&#257;nin&#257; olan muhteri&#8217;&#257;t-&#305; ced&#238;de ile g&#252;list&#257;n-&#305; m&#363;sik&#238; tekrar ziynet-pez&#238;r olub saf&#257;-bah&#351;-&#305; cih&#257;n oldu&#287;u &#8216;ke&#8217;&#351;-&#351;emsi f&#238; vasati&#8217;s- sem&#257;&#8217;d&#305;r. Ve &#351;u evz&#257;&#8217;a b&#257;&#8217;is s&#252;n&#363;h&#257;t-&#305; gaybiyye olmas&#305; ehl-i insafa p&#363;&#351;ide de&#287;ildir. Ve mazmun-&#305; mukaddimeden kudem&#257;-i m&#252;te&#8217;ahhir&#238;n ve kudem&#257;n&#305;n mak&#257;m&#257;t&#305; ta&#8217;d&#257;dlar&#305; ve &#257;v&#257;ze ve &#351;u&#8217;be ve terk&#238;b &#305;tlaklar&#305; i&#8217;tib&#257;rlar&#305;na m&#252;ntec olduysa bu muhtasarda &#8216;aded-i mak&#257;m&#257;t tard ve ahz ile ta&#8217;r&#238;f olunaca&#287;&#305;na g&#246;re ond&#246;rt olub &#257;v&#257;ze ve &#351;u&#8217;be ve terk&#238;b fer&#8217;iyyet haysiyyetinden birbirine haml olunub mecm&#363;&#8217;una terk&#238;b denildi&#8230;&#8221; (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 93-94)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Burada isimler ayn&#305; olsa da Sistemci Nazariye&#8217;de baz&#305; makam dairelerinin/dizilerinin sonraki as&#305;rlarda farkl&#305; hale geldi&#287;i bilinmelidir. U&#351;&#351;ak dairesinin; T-T-B-T-T-B-T&#8217;den K-S-T-T-B-T-T&#8217;ye, Neva&#8217;n&#305;n; T-B-T-T-B-T-T&#8217;den K-S-T-T-K-S-T&#8217;ye, Buselik&#8217;in; B-T-T-B-T-T-T&#8217;den T-B-T-T-K-S-T, T-B-T-T-B-T-T, T-B-T-T-S-A-S&#8217;ye d&#246;n&#252;&#351;mesi gibi.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun H&#252;seyni makam&#305;na olan d&#252;&#351;k&#252;nl&#252;&#287;&#252; &#351;u ifadelerinden &#231;&#305;kart&#305;labilir: &#8220;H&#252;seyn&#238; didikleri mak&#257;m bir k&#257;m-r&#257;n ve s&#257;hib-k&#305;r&#257;n tem&#257;m perdelerin makam&#305;d&#305;r ve benim k&#305;yas&#305;mda c&#252;mle s&#257;&#8217;ir mak&#257;mlardan mecd &#252; icl&#226;l ile izzet-sim&#257;t ve rif&#8217;at &#257;y&#257;t azametl&#252; ve b&#252;z&#252;rgv&#257;r&#238; makamd&#305;r; &#246;yle ki c&#252;mle mak&#257;m&#257;t ve terk&#238;b&#257;t kend&#252;ye m&#252;t&#238;&#8217; olmak &#257;r &#231;ekmezler&#8230; Eger bir ho&#351; naz&#257;r olunur ise n&#238;m perdeleri makamlar&#305; c&#252;mlesi mak&#257;m-&#305; H&#252;seyn&#238;&#8217;den zuh&#363;r iderler; z&#238;r&#257; her bir n&#238;m perdenin mak&#257;m&#305;n n&#238;m perdesini kald&#305;rub tem&#257;m perdeyi yerine vaz idersen, Bay&#257;t&#238; mak&#257;m&#305;ndan gayr&#305; c&#252;mlesi H&#252;seyn&#238; mak&#257;m&#305; olurlar&#8230;&#8221; (Tura, 2001, s. 63, 65)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bu g&#246;r&#252;&#351; i&#231;in bkz: (Behar, 2022, s. 111)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">24&#8217;l&#252; sistemde Hicaz makam&#305;nda kullan&#305;lan bir di&#287;er nim perde &#8220;dik k&#252;rdi&#8221;dir. Fakat 17&#8217;li sistemde bu perdenin yerine geni&#351; bir alana sahip olan &#8220;seg&#226;h&#8221; tam perdesi kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in yukar&#305;da ad&#305; ge&#231;memektedir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bkz: (Tura, 2001, s. 85), (Bardak&#231;&#305;, 2000, s. 24), (Popescu-Judetz, 2002, s. 29,32), (Tekin, 2003, s. 134)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-18" href="#footnote-anchor-18" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">18</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bunun yan&#305;nda Suphi Ezgi&#8217;nin Suz-i Dilara&#8217;y&#305; B&#252;z&#252;rg ile ayn&#305; makam/terkip kabul etmesinin ise tamamen dizi odakl&#305; bir d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncenin mahsul&#252; oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Suphi Ezgi&#8217;ye g&#246;re iki Suz-i Dilara ve B&#252;z&#252;rg ayn&#305;d&#305;r ve muhtelif zamanlarda ayr&#305; ayr&#305; musikiciler taraf&#305;ndan verilmi&#351; isimlerdir. Bunlar kendi mevkinde bir &#199;arg&#226;h dizisine bir Buselik ve h&#252;seyn&#238;&#8217;de Buselik ve Mahur dizilerinin birbirlerine kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;ndan do&#287;mu&#351;lard&#305;r. (Ezgi, 1933, s.179) B&#252;z&#252;rg ile Suz-i Dilara aras&#305;ndaki farklar i&#231;in bkz; (Hatipo&#287;lu, 2019, s. 819)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-19" href="#footnote-anchor-19" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">19</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel nazariyesinde her ne kadar &#350;ehnaz-Buselik, Muhayyer, Tahir ve Bayati isimleri ge&#231;se de bunlar m&#252;rekkeb makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na al&#305;nmas&#305; yerine basit makam s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda bulunan Buselik, H&#252;seyni, Neva ve U&#351;&#351;ak tan&#305;mlar&#305;nda bahsedilmi&#351; ve &#350;ehnaz-Buselik&#8217;in Buselik makam&#305;n&#305;n, Muhayyer&#8217;in H&#252;seyni makam&#305;n&#305;n, Tahir&#8217;in Neva makam&#305;n&#305;n inicisi oldu&#287;unu ve Bayati&#8217;nin ise U&#351;&#351;ak makam&#305;n&#305;n inici-&#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305; hali oldu&#287;unu yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. (Arel, 1993, s. 45,48,50,52)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-20" href="#footnote-anchor-20" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">20</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 133)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-21" href="#footnote-anchor-21" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">21</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu &#231;e&#351;it terkiblere; Acem-K&#252;rdi, Hisar, Araban, &#350;edd-i Araban, Gerdaniyye-Buselik vb &#246;rnek verilebilir. Acem- K&#252;rdi, Acem ve K&#252;rdi makamlar&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesidir. Hisar, hisar ve acem nim perdelerinin kullan&#305;larak h&#252;seyni merkezli bir seyirden sonra U&#351;&#351;&#226;k veya Necd-i H&#252;seyni ile d&#252;g&#226;ha inilmesidir. Araban, neva &#252;zerinde duyurulan Hicaz&#8217;dan sonra U&#351;&#351;ak ile d&#252;g&#226;ha gelinmesidir. &#350;edd-i Araban, birinci nevi Araban ba&#351;lan&#305;p yeg&#226;ha yine birinci nevi Araban inilmesidir. Gerdaniyye-Buselik, Gerdaniyye ba&#351;lan&#305;p Buselik makam&#305;yla karar vermektir. Ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Hatipo&#287;lu, Makamlar ve Terkibler, 2019)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-22" href="#footnote-anchor-22" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">22</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu terkiblere &#246;rnek olarak da Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl, Hisar-&#305; Kadim, Beste-i Hisar, A&#351;iran, Dilni&#351;in, Huzi vb verilebilir. Bu terkiblerin hepsi tam/tabii perdelerle olu&#351;turulmaktad&#305;r. Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl, Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n seyre neva merkezli ba&#351;lamas&#305;d&#305;r. Hisar-&#305; Kadim, Seg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n evc merkezli seyre ba&#351;lamas&#305;d&#305;r veya Evc terkibi ile Seg&#226;h ya da seg&#226;h &#252;zerindeki Irak makam&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesidir. Beste-i Hisar, Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n seyre evc merkezli ba&#351;lamas&#305; veya Evc terkibi ile Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesidir. A&#351;iran, d&#252;g&#226;hdan seyre ba&#351;layan ve tam perdelerle bu civarda gezinildikten sonra a&#351;iran perdesine yine tam perdelerle inmektir. Dilni&#351;in, Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n h&#252;seyni merkezli seyre ba&#351;lamas&#305;d&#305;r veya H&#252;seyni ile Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesidir. Huzi, Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n U&#351;&#351;ak ile karar vermesidir veya U&#351;&#351;ak na&#287;mesi i&#231;inde rast perdesinin karakteristik kullan&#305;lmas&#305;d&#305;r. Ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Hatipo&#287;lu, Makamlar ve Terkibler, 2019)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-23" href="#footnote-anchor-23" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">23</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel&#8217;in verdi&#287;i &#246;rnekler: Irak, Evc, Saba, Isfahan, Seg&#226;h, H&#252;zzam, M&#252;stear, Ni&#351;abur, Ni&#351;aburek vs.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-24" href="#footnote-anchor-24" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">24</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Arel&#8217;in verdi&#287;i &#246;rnekler: Ferahfeza, L&#226;leg&#252;l, Zirefkend, Sultani Seg&#226;h, Bestenig&#226;r vs.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-25" href="#footnote-anchor-25" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">25</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Neva-Buselik, Neva-K&#252;rdi vs.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-26" href="#footnote-anchor-26" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">26</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel kitab&#305;nda bulunan &#8220;M&#252;rekkep Makamlar&#305;n Tasnifi-Tahlili-Tenkidi&#8221; ba&#351;l&#305;kl&#305; b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;n&#252;n tahkiki daha sonra kaleme al&#305;nacakt&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-27" href="#footnote-anchor-27" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">27</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de Dilara tarifi: &#8220;Muhayyer perdesinden mukaddem [&#246;nde] gerd&#257;niyye perdesinden ibtida ile [ba&#351;layarak] muhayyer perdesinden Pencg&#226;h-&#305; asl &#257;g&#257;ze id&#252;b, nev&#257; perdesine geldikde [gelince] nev&#257; perdesinden gerd&#257;niyye perdesine dek su&#8217;&#363;den [&#231;&#305;karak] Rast &#257;g&#257;ze ve gerd&#257;niye perdesinde biraz mesk id&#252;b [durup] ba&#8217;dehu evc perdesini acem perdesine tebd&#238;l ile muhayyer perdesinden U&#351;&#351;&#257;k &#257;g&#257;ze id&#252;b, h&#252;seyni perdesine geldikde yine muhayyer perdesinden Nih&#257;vend &#257;g&#257;z id&#252;b, l&#226;kin neva perdesine geldikde turmayub &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi g&#246;sterir. Ba&#8217;dehu [sonra] bir nev&#257; ve bir &#231;arg&#226;h ve bir acem ve bir h&#252;seyn&#238; ve yine bir nev&#257; ve bir &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi g&#246;sterdikten sonra nev&#257; perdesinden gerd&#257;niyye perdesine dek su&#8217;uden yine Rast &#257;g&#257;ze id&#252;b ba&#8217;dehu bir dahi muhayyer perdesi g&#246;ster&#252;b gerd&#257;niyye karar ider. Bu terk&#238;b-i dil-bend [g&#246;n&#252;l ba&#287;layan terk&#238;b] edvarlarda g&#246;r&#252;lmedi&#287;inden ba&#351;ka mesmu&#8217; olan [i&#351;itilen] tes&#257;nifde [eserlerde] dahi mahsus [duyulmu&#351;] de&#287;ildir. Ancak esna-y&#305; tahrirden mukaddemce [bu yaz&#305;y&#305; yazmadan &#246;nce] bir &#351;ark&#305;ya beste olarak mesmu&#8217;dur. Ca&#8217;iz oldu ki, bu dahi f&#238; zamanina [zaman&#305;m&#305;za] bir tab&#8217;-&#305; Sel&#238;m&#8217;in ihtira&#8217;&#305; olub, safa-bah&#351;-&#305; kul&#251;b-i &#8216;alemyand&#305;r. L&#226;kin bir isim ile mesm&#363;&#8217; olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;ndan Dil&#226;r&#257; tesmiyesi ile tah&#238;ri m&#252;n&#226;sib g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;.&#8221; (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 161,163,165) Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;nin bahsetti&#287;i III.Selim&#8217;in bestesi olan eser, kuvvetle ihtimal a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da bir b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;n&#252; verdi&#287;imiz eserdir.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png" width="440" height="148" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:148,&quot;width&quot;:440,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51692,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193944618?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!66n_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08e8b733-3816-47da-b00f-1745e98d38e4_440x148.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-28" href="#footnote-anchor-28" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">28</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Burada XIX. asr&#305;n Mahur anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na g&#246;re bir durum tahayy&#252;l edilmi&#351;tir. Arel&#8217;de Mahur, &#199;arg&#226;h makam&#305;n&#305;n (Do maj&#246;r) rast perdesine g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lm&#252;&#351; halinden (Sol maj&#246;r) ba&#351;kas&#305; de&#287;ildir. XIX. as&#305;rdan &#246;nce ve XX. as&#305;rda Mahur terkibinde mahur ve buselik nim perdeleri kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. XIX. as&#305;rda ise terkip tamamen tam perdelerle olu&#351;turulmaktad&#305;r ve ad&#305; &#8220;Mahur-&#305; Kebir&#8221;dir. Buselik nim perdesini kullanan Mahur&#8217;un ad&#305; ise &#8220;Mahur-&#305; Kebir-i Kadim&#8221;dir. Bkz: (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 145,207)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-29" href="#footnote-anchor-29" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">29</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bununla ilgili geni&#351; bilgi i&#231;in bkz: (Hatipo&#287;lu, H&#252;seyin Saadeddin Arel&#8217;e Ait &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri&#8221; &#199;al&#305;&#351;mas&#305;nda Tarifi Verilmeyen Baz&#305; Terkiblerin Tespiti ve Tahl&#238;li, 2022)</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-30" href="#footnote-anchor-30" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">30</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu konuyla ilgili pek &#231;ok &#246;rnek verilebilmektedir. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda m&#252;fred makam, Abd&#252;lbaki Dede&#8217;de terkib s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda olan Bayati; U&#351;&#351;ak&#8217;&#305;n inici &#231;&#305;k&#305;c&#305; hali, Muhayyer ise H&#252;seyni&#8217;nin inici hali olarak tan&#305;t&#305;lmas&#305;, Buselik, Nihavend ile Sultani Yeg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n, Hic&#226;zk&#226;r, Evcara, Suz-i Dil ve &#350;edd-i Araban ile Zeng&#251;le&#8217;nin veya K&#252;rdi ile K&#252;rdili Hicazk&#226;r&#8217;&#305;n ayn&#305; makam say&#305;lmalar&#305; gibi.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-31" href="#footnote-anchor-31" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">31</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;M&#252;rekkep makamlar&#305;n hep birden ya&#351;amalar&#305;na imk&#226;n bulunmad&#305;&#287;&#305; muhakkakt&#305;r. Zaten hepsi ya&#351;amaya lay&#305;k da de&#287;ildir. Nas&#305;l ki as&#305;rlar boyunca icat edilen y&#252;zlerce m&#252;rekkep makam&#305;n pek &#231;o&#287;u unutulup gitmi&#351; ve pek az&#305; bize kadar gelmi&#351;tir&#8230; Mesela herhangi bir bestek&#226;r ne zaman dilerse Saba makam&#305;ndan sonra K&#252;rdi makam&#305;na ge&#231;erek bizim &#8216;Saba-Zemzeme&#8217; dedi&#287;imiz &#231;e&#351;niyi elde edebilir. Fakat art&#305;k buna m&#252;stakil bir &#8216;Saba-Zemzeme makam&#305;&#8217; ad&#305;n&#305;n verilmesine hacet yoktur&#8230;&#8221; Arel bu b&#246;l&#252;mde ayr&#305;ca ya&#351;amaya ger&#231;ekten l&#226;y&#305;k ve ya&#351;ayaca&#287;&#305; muhakkak (H&#252;zzam, Ni&#351;abur, Ni&#351;aburek, Nikriz, Neveser, Irak, Evi&#231;, Ferahnak, Saba, &#350;ehnaz, Seg&#226;h, Bestenig&#226;r, Isfahan), ya&#351;amas&#305; muhtamel (Pen&#231;g&#226;h, Gerdaniye, Dilke&#351;havera, M&#252;stear, Yeg&#226;h, Beste-Isfahan, Seg&#226;h-Maye) m&#252;rekkep makamlar&#305;n ismini vermi&#351; ve bunun d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kalan m&#252;rekkeb makamlardan hi&#231;birinin ya&#351;ayaca&#287;&#305;na ihtimal vermemi&#351;tir. (Arel, 1993, s. 315,316)</p><p></p><h2><strong>Kaynak&#231;a </strong></h2><blockquote><p>Arel, H. S. (1993). <em>T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri.</em> (O. Akdo&#287;u, D&#252;.) Ankara: K&#252;lt&#252;r Bakanl&#305;&#287;&#305; Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Bardak&#231;&#305;, M. (2000). Dervi&#351; Es-Seyyid Mehmed Emin&#8217;in Tanbur Perdeleri Risalesi. <em>Musiki&#351;inas</em>, s. 6-39.</p><p>Ba&#351;er, F. A. (2013). <em>T&#252;rk Musikisinde Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede.</em> &#304;stanbul: Fatih &#220;niversitesi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Behar, C. (2022). <em>Kad&#238;m ile Ced&#238;d Aras&#305;nda, III. Selim D&#246;neminde Bir Mevlev&#238; &#350;eyhi:</em></p><p><em>Abd&#252;lb&#226;ki N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin Mus&#305;ki Yazmalar&#305;.</em> &#304;stanbul: Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Devellio&#287;lu, F. (1993). <em>Osmanl&#305;ca - T&#252;rk&#231;e Ansiklopedik L&#251;gat.</em> Ankara: Ayd&#305;n Kitabevi.</p><p>Ezgi, S. (1933). <em>Nazar&#238; ve Amel&#238; T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si</em> (Cilt 1). &#304;stanbul: Milli Mecmua Matbaas&#305;.</p><p>Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2019). <em>Makamlar ve Terkibler.</em> Ankara: Google. 2022 tarihinde https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=DnGqDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq adresinden al&#305;nd&#305;</p><p>Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2022). H&#252;seyin Saadeddin Arel&#8217;e Ait &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri&#8221; &#199;al&#305;&#351;mas&#305;nda Tarifi Verilmeyen Baz&#305; Terkiblerin Tespiti ve Tahl&#238;li. <em>M&#252;zik K&#252;lt&#252;r&#252;ne Dair &#199;e&#351;itli G&#246;r&#252;&#351;ler XI</em> (s. 57-70). i&#231;inde Konya: E&#287;itim Yay&#305;nevi.</p><p>Popescu-Judetz, E. (2002). <em>Tanb&#251;r&#238; K&#252;&#231;&#252;k Artin.</em> &#304;stanbul: Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k.</p><p>Sezikli, U. (2007). Abd&#252;lk&#226;dir Mer&#226;g&#238; ve C&#226;m&#252;&#8217;l-Eh&#226;n&#305;. <em>Doktora Tezi</em>. &#304;stanbul: Marmara &#220;niversitesi.</p><p>Tekin, A. (2003). H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n M&#251;sik&#238; Ris&#226;lesi &#304;simli Yazma Eserinin Transkripsiyonu ve D&#246;nemin Edvarlar&#305; &#304;le Mukayesesi. <em>Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi</em>. &#304;zmir: Dokuz Eyl&#252;l &#220;niversitesi.</p><p>Tura, Y. (2001). <em>Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#304;lmi&#8217;l-m&#251;sik&#238; al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat.</em> &#304;stanbul: Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p></blockquote></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Muhayyer-Sünbüle Terkîbi]]></title><description><![CDATA[Hatipo&#287;lu, E. (2018), Muhayyer-s&#252;nb&#252;le makam&#305;, Rast M&#252;zikoloji Dergisi, 6(2). s.1874-1889 Doi:https://doi.org/10.12975/pp1874-1889]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/muhayyer-sunbule</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/muhayyer-sunbule</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 01 Sep 2018 05:34:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!V4Zy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F720319ce-8ab1-4c91-b5c4-c99b3ffd66d5_2048x2048.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>&#214;zet</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;si makam/terk&#238;b tarihi s&#252;recinde verilen tarifler ve bestelenen eserler, kendi d&#246;nemlerinde kullan&#305;lan makamlar&#305;n/terk&#238;blerin seyir anlay&#305;&#351;lar&#305; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan haberci durumunda olmu&#351;lard&#305;r. &#304;ncelemelerde baz&#305; makamlar&#305;n/terkiblerin k&#252;&#231;&#252;k de&#287;i&#351;ikliklerle, baz&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n ise b&#252;y&#252;k farkl&#305;l&#305;klarla zaman&#305;m&#305;za ula&#351;t&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Bu makalede ele alaca&#287;&#305;m&#305;z Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bi de bu farkl&#305;la&#351;man&#305;n i&#231;inde yer almaktad&#305;r. Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bine ait tarifler ve besteler tahlil edildi&#287;inde ortaya farkl&#305; durumlar &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Repertuvarda bulunan Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;biyle yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; baz&#305; eserlerin, bununla beraber Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; terk&#238;biyle ile yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; yine baz&#305; eserlerin, ayn&#305; seyre sahip olduklar&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu karma&#351;&#305;kl&#305;&#287;&#305;n sebebini ara&#351;t&#305;rmak amac&#305;yla haz&#305;rlad&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z bu makalede; S&#252;nb&#252;le, Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; terk&#238;blerine ait tarifler ve eserler incelenmi&#351;, XVIII. as&#305;rdan bu yana olu&#351;an de&#287;i&#351;iklikler, tarif ve eser &#246;rnekleriyle g&#246;zler &#246;n&#252;ne serilmi&#351;tir. Ad&#305; ge&#231;en terk&#238;blerin ara&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305; s&#305;ras&#305;nda Muhayyer terk&#238;binin ba&#351;ka bir kullan&#305;m&#305; da ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351; ve bu kullan&#305;m&#305;n baz&#305; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; eserlerdeki &#246;nemi vurgulanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sonu&#231; olarak; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede zaman&#305;nda ilk tarifi verilen Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin bir d&#246;nem S&#252;nb&#252;le&#8217;nin yerine ge&#231;ti&#287;i, daha sonraki d&#246;nemde ise ikinci nev&#238; olarak belirtti&#287;imiz Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; seyrini ald&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Giri&#351;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Ge&#231;mi&#351;ten g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze kadar T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;si nazariyat&#305;yla ilgili kitaplar incelendi&#287;inde pek &#231;ok mak&#226;m&#305;n/terk&#238;bin zamanla baz&#305; de&#287;i&#351;ikliklere u&#287;rad&#305;&#287;&#305; ve baz&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n da tamamen d&#252;zen de&#287;i&#351;tirdikleri g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir. Bu de&#287;i&#351;iklikleri somut bir &#351;ekilde g&#246;zler &#246;n&#252;ne seren Kantemiro&#287;lu (v.1723) ve N&#226;s&#305;r Dede (v.1821) gibi nazariyeciler, mak&#226;m&#305;n veya terk&#238;bin kendinden &#246;nce ve kendi d&#246;neminde olan durumlar&#305;ndan kitaplar&#305;nda bahsetmi&#351;tir. Kantemiro&#287;lu, &#8220;Kit&#257;bu &#304;lmi&#8217;l-M&#363;sik&#238; al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#363;f&#257;t&#8221; (1691) isimli kitab&#305;n&#305;n &#8220;Edv&#257;r-&#305; M&#251;sik&#238; al&#226; Kavl-i Kad&#238;m&#8221; yani &#8220;Eskilere G&#246;re M&#251;sik&#238; Edv&#226;r&#305;&#8221; isimli b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;nde; makam, &#226;v&#226;ze ve terkiplerin bulundu&#287;u yetmi&#351; civar&#305; ismin tarifine yer vermi&#351;tir. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede, &#8220;Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k&#8221; (1794-1795) isimli eserinin terk&#238;b&#226;t b&#246;l&#252;m&#252;nde, birtak&#305;m edvarlarda g&#246;r&#252;p kitab&#305;na ald&#305;&#287;&#305; terkipler i&#231;inde, kendi zaman&#305;ndakilerle ayn&#305; isme sahip olanlar&#305;; His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m, S&#252;nb&#252;le-i Kad&#238;m, Bestenig&#226;r-&#305; At&#238;k, M&#226;ye-i Atik gibi &#8220;eski&#8221; ve &#8220;en eski&#8221; gibi s&#305;fatlar ekleyerek veya R&#226;mi&#351;-i C&#226;n (Seg&#226;h-M&#226;ye), Me&#351;k&#251;ye (Seg&#226;h-Acem), G&#252;lz&#226;r (Rast-M&#226;ye) gibi yeni isimlerle ay&#305;rd&#305;&#287;&#305; g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Daha sonra yaz&#305;lan nazariye kitaplar&#305;nda bu farkl&#305;l&#305;klara pek yer verilmemi&#351; ve makamlar&#305;n her biri tek bir yap&#305;da veya d&#252;zende ele al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;, baz&#305; makam isimleri de kitaplara aktar&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bunun sonucu olarak da de&#287;i&#351;en y&#252;zy&#305;llarda bestelenen eserlerle tarifler aras&#305;nda baz&#305; farkl&#305;l&#305;klar meydana gelmi&#351; ve bu farkl&#305;l&#305;klara -bestek&#226;r&#305;n kendi zevkinden kaynakland&#305;&#287;&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesiyle- makam tariflerinde yer verilmemi&#351;tir. Hatta, baz&#305; nazariyeciler veya nota yazarlar&#305;n&#305;n s&#305;rf kendi anlay&#305;&#351;lar&#305;n&#305; kabul ettirmek amac&#305;yla eserin makam ad&#305;nda veya kullan&#305;lan perdelerde de&#287;i&#351;iklik yapmas&#305;, mak&#226;m&#305;n veya terk&#238;bin d&#246;nemlere g&#246;re seyir de&#287;i&#351;imlerinin anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305;nda zorluklar meydana getirmi&#351;tir. Bilindi&#287;i gibi T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;si nazariy&#226;t&#305; XX. as&#305;rda ifade ve &#252;slup a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan gelenekten koparak farkl&#305; bir yap&#305;ya b&#252;r&#252;nm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r. &#214;zellikle XVIII. as&#305;rdan itibaren; k&#305;s&#305;mlara ayr&#305;lmas&#305; m&#252;mk&#252;n olmayan ve duyar duymaz di&#287;er na&#287;melerden ayr&#305;lan bir ezgi kal&#305;b&#305;n&#305; tarif eden<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> makam kavram&#305;, XX. as&#305;rdan itibaren d&#246;rtl&#252;, be&#351;li ve dizilerle ifade edilmeye &#231;al&#305;&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bunun yan&#305;nda makam/terk&#238;b say&#305;s&#305;nda azaltmaya gidilmi&#351;, mak&#226;m&#305; olu&#351;turan as&#305;l unsurlardan biri olan &#8220;seyir&#8221;in incelikleri ikinci planda tutularak ayn&#305; diziye veya d&#252;zene sahip olan baz&#305; makamlar/terk&#238;bler bir isim alt&#305;nda toplanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;rne&#287;in, Arel-Ezgi nazariyat&#305;nda; Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl, N&#252;h&#252;ft-i Kad&#238;m, His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m gibi terk&#238;blerin tan&#305;mlar&#305; bulunmamaktad&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252;, bu anlay&#305;&#351;a g&#246;re Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl; Rast, N&#252;h&#252;ft-i Kad&#238;m; Uzz&#226;l ve His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m; Seg&#226;h&#8217;d&#305;r. Halbuki bu terk&#238;blerin kendine g&#246;re bir seyir anlay&#305;&#351;&#305; vard&#305;r. Pencg&#226;h-&#305; Asl; Rast mak&#226;m&#305; gibi seyrin ba&#351;&#305;nda rast perdesini merkez almamakta, seyrine nev&#226; perdesinden ba&#351;lamaktad&#305;r. Ayn&#305; durum N&#252;h&#252;ft-i Kad&#238;m ve His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m i&#231;in de ge&#231;erlidir. N&#252;h&#252;ft-i Kad&#238;m; Uzz&#226;l&#8217;in seyrine muhayyer perdesinden, His&#226;r-&#305; Kad&#238;m ise Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n seyrine evc perdesinden ba&#351;lamas&#305;d&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Di&#287;er &#246;nemli bir konu da bestek&#226;rlar&#305;n bir mak&#226;m&#305; veya terk&#238;bi nas&#305;l yorumlad&#305;&#287;&#305;d&#305;r. Bilindi&#287;i gibi ilim erbab&#305; ile bestek&#226;r&#305;n bir mak&#226;m&#305;/terk&#238;bi ifade &#351;ekilleri, birbirlerinden farkl&#305; olabilmektedir. Her ilim erbab&#305; bestek&#226;r, her bestek&#226;r da ilim erbab&#305; olmayabilmektedir. &#304;lim erbaplar&#305; makamlar&#305;/terk&#238;bleri belli kaidelerle baz&#305; s&#305;n&#305;rlar dahilinde tan&#305;mlam&#305;&#351;lard&#305;r. &#304;lim taraf&#305; olan bir bestek&#226;r, her ne kadar bestek&#226;rl&#305;&#287;&#305;n do&#287;as&#305; gere&#287;i kurallar&#305;n d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda hareket etmeyi sevse de mak&#226;m&#305;n/terk&#238;bin kendisini ortaya &#231;&#305;karan as&#305;l unsurlardan vazge&#231;memi&#351;tir. Vazge&#231;ti&#287;i durumda makam&#305;n/terk&#238;bin tan&#305;nmaz hale gelece&#287;ini bilmektedir. Di&#287;er taraftan ilim taraf&#305; olmayan bir bestek&#226;r ise g&#252;n&#252;n modas&#305;na uyarak haf&#305;zalara yanl&#305;&#351; yerle&#351;mi&#351; bir makamda/terk&#238;bde beste yaparken, mak&#226;ma/terk&#238;be ait kaideleri bilmeden kendi anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na g&#246;re bir seyri ortaya koyabilmektedir. Repertuvar ve nazariye kitaplar&#305; dikkatle incelendi&#287;inde bu uyumun veya &#231;at&#305;&#351;mal&#305; durumun varl&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; anlamak m&#252;mk&#252;n olabilmektedir. Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le de yukar&#305;da bahsetti&#287;imiz sebeplerden dolay&#305; as&#305;l yap&#305;s&#305;ndan ayr&#305;lm&#305;&#351; bir terk&#238;b olarak kar&#351;&#305;m&#305;za &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin 1795 tarihinde tamamlad&#305;&#287;&#305; &#8220;Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k&#8221; isimli kitab&#305;nda ilk defa yer alan bu terk&#238;b, daha sonraki d&#246;nemlerde de&#287;i&#351;ikli&#287;e u&#287;ram&#305;&#351; ve S&#252;nb&#252;le veya Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; (&#304;kinci Nev&#238;) terk&#238;bleriyle kar&#305;&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin nas&#305;l kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; ve ge&#231;irdi&#287;i de&#287;i&#351;imleri ortaya koymak amac&#305;yla XVIII. as&#305;rdan XX. asra kadar; Kantemiro&#287;lu (XVIII.yy), Tanb&#251;r&#238; Artin (XVIII.yy), H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a (XVIII.yy), Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede (XVIII.yy), H&#226;&#351;im Bey (XIX.yy), K&#226;z&#305;m Uz (XX.yy), H.S. Arel (XX.yy) ve E. Karadeniz (XX.yy)&#8217;e ait kitaplardaki yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; tarifler ve repertuvarda kay&#305;tl&#305; besteler incelenmi&#351;tir. Tariflerin XVIII. as&#305;rdan itibaren verilme sebebi; genel anlamda Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;de makam veya terk&#238;b tarifindeki ifade anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n en erken Kantemiro&#287;lu zaman&#305;ndaki anlay&#305;&#351;la ayn&#305; olmas&#305;ndan kaynaklanmaktad&#305;r.</p><p><strong>S&#252;nb&#252;le Mak&#226;m&#305;</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">S&#252;nb&#252;le ad&#305;n&#305; XVIII. as&#305;rdan itibaren; Kantemiro&#287;lu, Tanb&#251;r&#238; Artin, H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a, Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede ve Arel&#8217;de bulmaktay&#305;z.</p><p>Kantemiro&#287;lu<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>; </p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#8230;Makam-&#305; merk&#363;m &#252;&#231; n&#238;m perdeden ve &#252;&#231; mak&#257;mdan m&#252;rekkeb olur. &#304;ptid&#257; olan n&#238;m perde kend&#252; perdesidir. &#304;kinci olan, acem perdesidir. &#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; olan sab&#257; perdesidir. Makam-&#305; evvel, Muhayyer&#8217;dir. Makam-&#305; s&#257;n&#238;, Acem&#8217;dir. Makam-&#305; s&#257;lis, Sab&#257; mak&#257;m&#305;d&#305;r. Hareket-i &#257;g&#257;zesi muhayyer perdesinden s&#252;r&#363;&#8217; id&#252;b tem&#257;m t&#238;z perdeler ile t&#238;z h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine dek &#231;&#305;kar; andan avdet id&#252;b diler ise kend&#252; perdesi ile, diler ise t&#238;z seg&#226;h perdesi ile gerd&#257;niyye perdesine iner; andan evc perdesini a&#351;ub acem perdesine d&#252;&#351;er; acemden h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine gel&#252;b K&#363;&#231;ek<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> terk&#238;bi y&#252;z&#252;nden, birden &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine s&#305;&#231;rar ve anda sab&#257; perdesini oh&#351;ayub gene &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine d&#246;ner; andan seg&#226;h&#8217;a, seg&#226;h&#8217;dan d&#252;g&#226;h perdesine gel&#252;b kar&#257;r (u) istir&#257;h&#257;t k&#305;lar. Nazar k&#305;l ki iptid&#257;s&#305; Muhayyerdir, ortas&#305; Acem&#8217;dir ve ed&#257;s&#305; Sab&#257; mak&#257;m&#305;d&#305;r. </p></div><p>Tanb&#251;r&#238; Artin<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;S&#252;nb&#252;le oldur ki bir m&#305;zrab muhayyer, s&#252;nb&#252;le, muhayyer, gerd&#257;niyye, acem, h&#252;seyn&#238;, sab&#257;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h, &#231;arg&#226;h, sab&#257;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h, d&#252;g&#226;h&#8221;</p></div><p>H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Tiz d&#252;g&#226;h kopup t&#238;z n&#238;m k&#252;rd&#238;, muhayyer ve gerd&#257;niyye g&#246;sterip bi evc n&#238;m acemi ile h&#252;seyn&#238;ye inip h&#252;seyn&#238;den Sab&#226; usl&#251;bu gibi inip d&#252;g&#226;h kar&#257;r k&#305;la&#8221; </p></div><p>N&#226;s&#305;r Dede<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Muhayyer perdesinden ibtid&#257; id&#252;b, s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesi g&#246;sterdikden sonra muhayyer peredesinden Nih&#226;vend &#351;eklinde h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine h&#252;b&#363;t id&#252;b Sab&#257; kar&#257;r ider. Bu terk&#238;b kudem&#257;-i m&#252;te&#8217;ahhir&#238;n ihtir&#257;&#8217;&#305; olmas&#305; ensebdir&#8221; </p></div><p>Arel<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Acem perdesindeki &#199;arg&#226;h dizisinden ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdesindeki Sab&#257; dizisinden birer par&#231;an&#305;n birbirine eklenmesiyle h&#257;s&#305;l olmu&#351;tur &#304;nicidir&#8230; S&#252;nb&#252;le Mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n Seyri; Acem perdesindeki &#199;arg&#226;h dizisinden al&#305;nan seslerde dola&#351;t&#305;ktan sonra d&#252;g&#226;h perdesindeki Sab&#257; dizisi seslerine ge&#231;ilir ve bununla d&#252;g&#226;h&#8217;da kar&#257;r verilir...&#8221; </p></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki tariflerden de anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; gibi S&#252;nb&#252;le; muhayyer perdesinden ba&#351;layan, s&#252;nb&#252;le ve acem perdelerini kullanarak h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine inen ve Sab&#226; seslerine ge&#231;erek d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde karar veren bir terkip durumundad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da verilen tariflere uygun ve repertuvarda bulunan &#246;rnek eserler a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png" width="523" height="163" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:163,&quot;width&quot;:523,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:33991,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!idTG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31f35416-927d-4c4e-bf12-d0afb92e60e6_523x163.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 1: N&#226;y&#238; Osman Dede&#8217;ye (v.1729) ait devr-i keb&#238;r us&#251;l&#252;nde pe&#351;rev</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png" width="507" height="108" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:108,&quot;width&quot;:507,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:49123,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oOiz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa36944cb-426a-4eed-9f85-e0ae32b0f193_507x108.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 2: N&#257;y&#238; Osman Dede&#8217;ye ait saz sem&#257;&#238;</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png" width="513" height="204" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:204,&quot;width&quot;:513,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:72295,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!586W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F77380a10-3def-4751-b23e-4bddb7e48ef1_513x204.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 3: Ser-N&#257;y&#238; Ali Dede&#8217;ye (v.1820?) ait d&#252;yek us&#251;l&#252;nde pe&#351;rev</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png" width="512" height="367" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:367,&quot;width&quot;:512,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:115066,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!CkU7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F99693b2d-b274-4a09-9fb1-3dedb38ee6d2_512x367.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 4: Hac&#305; F&#257;ik Bey&#8217;e (v.1891) ait aksak sem&#257;&#238;</figcaption></figure></div><p>Yukar&#305;da notalar&#305;n&#305; verdi&#287;imiz eserlerin seyirleri, S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin tarifleriyle b&#252;y&#252;k &#246;l&#231;&#252;de benzerlik g&#246;stermektedir. Sadece Hac&#305; F&#226;ik Bey&#8217;in eserinde; son d&#246;nemde Sab&#226; mak&#226;m&#305;nda kullan&#305;lan n&#238;m &#351;ehn&#226;z/&#351;ehn&#226;z perdesi de seyre kat&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ve seyir, t&#238;z h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine kadar geni&#351;letilmi&#351;tir. Verilen eserlerde dikkati &#231;eken; Osman Dede, Ali Dede ve Hac&#305; F&#226;ik Bey&#8217;in eserlerinin genel olarak ayn&#305; yap&#305;ya sahip olmas&#305;na ra&#287;men; repertuvarda Osman Dede&#8217;nin ve Hac&#305; F&#226;ik Bey&#8217;in eserlerinin Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le, Ali Dede&#8217;nin eserinin de S&#252;nb&#252;le ad&#305;yla ge&#231;mesidir. Bu duruma benzer &#246;rnekleri &#231;o&#287;altmak m&#252;mk&#252;nd&#252;r.</p><p><strong>Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le Terk&#238;bi</strong></p><p>Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305; bize ilk tan&#305;tan Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;dir. Terk&#238;b&#226;t s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;nda tarifini vermi&#351;tir. Daha sonras&#305;nda H&#226;&#351;im Bey, Ekrem Karadeniz ve H.S. Arel de kitaplar&#305;nda bu makamdan bahsetmi&#351;lerdir.</p><p>Ad&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Tiz &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinden Sab&#257; &#257;g&#257;ze id&#252;b<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a>, S&#252;nb&#252;le kar&#257;r ider. Bunun ihtir&#257;&#8217;&#305;nda bey&#257;na h&#257;cet yokdur&#8221; </p></div><p>H&#226;&#351;im Bey<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#304;btid&#257; gerd&#257;niyye, muhayyer, s&#252;nb&#252;le, t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h basarak tekr&#257;r s&#252;nb&#252;le, muhayyer, gerd&#257;niyye, acem, h&#252;seyn&#238;, uzz&#226;l, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h basarak ya&#8217;ni Sab&#257; &#231;e&#351;nisi gibi d&#252;g&#226;hda kar&#257;r eder&#8221; </p></div><p>Karadeniz<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Bu makam Muhayyer ve Saba mak&#257;mlar&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesinden meydana gelmi&#351;tir. &#214;nce gerd&#257;niyye ve muhayyer perdelerinden terenn&#252;me ba&#351;lay&#305;p s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesi de kullanarak, gerekirse t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine kadar y&#252;kseldikten sonra ayn&#305; &#351;ekilde h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine kadar iner ve b&#246;ylece Muhayyer makam&#305;n&#305;n seyrini k&#305;saca icra ettikten sonra Saba mak&#257;m&#305;na ge&#231;erek acem, gerd&#257;niyye ve dik &#351;ehnaz perdeleriyle Saba makam&#305;n&#305;n seyrine uyarak bu defa hisarek, saba, &#231;arg&#226;h ve seg&#226;h perdeleriyle d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde kar&#257;r verir&#8221; </p></div><p>Arel ise S&#252;nb&#252;le makam&#305; tarifinin ard&#305;ndan dip notunda ayr&#305;ca &#351;u bilgileri vermi&#351;tir<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;S&#252;nb&#252;le mak&#257;m&#305;na son as&#305;rda Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le&#8221; ad&#305; verilmeye ba&#351;lam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Halbuki evvelce Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le b&#252;sb&#252;t&#252;n ba&#351;ka mak&#257;m idi&#8230;&#8221; </p></div><p>Arel bundan sonra S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le makamlar&#305;n&#305;n N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;ye g&#246;re tariflerini aktarmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tariflerden de anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; &#252;zere bu terk&#238;b Sab&#226; kararl&#305;d&#305;r. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;ye g&#246;re S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binden fark&#305;; seyre t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinden ba&#351;lamas&#305; ve muhayyer perdesi &#252;zerinde Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; g&#246;stermesidir. Fakat N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;den sonra gelen nazariyecilerde, muhayyer perdesi &#252;zerindeki Sab&#226; edas&#305; duyulmamaktad&#305;r. H&#226;&#351;im Bey, Arel, Karadeniz gibi nazariyecilerin tariflerine g&#246;re asl&#305;nda Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le, S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binden farkl&#305; de&#287;ildir. Bu durumu a&#231;&#305;klayan da ilk Arel olmu&#351;tur.</p><p>Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le olarak repertuvara kay&#305;tl&#305; di&#287;er eserler a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png" width="515" height="448" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:448,&quot;width&quot;:515,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:126806,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-5Cg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa6a2245d-71a1-4a5d-8a0f-ce58845bce31_515x448.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 5: Seyyid Ahmed A&#287;a&#8217;ya (v.1794) ait &#351;ark&#305; devr-i rev&#257;n&#305; us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le &#351;ark&#305;</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png" width="514" height="276" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:276,&quot;width&quot;:514,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:83048,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sMxb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46987ca1-6e08-48f4-9a3f-3c9be7398fcc_514x276.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 6: Sultan Selim&#8217;e (v.1808) ait sengin sem&#226;&#238; us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le a&#287;&#305;r sem&#226;&#238;</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png" width="515" height="238" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:238,&quot;width&quot;:515,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:92589,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nhqX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb243e536-dbfc-473c-86f7-0256b64487de_515x238.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 7: Del&#226;lz&#226;de &#304;sm&#226;&#238;l Dede&#8217;ye (v.1869) ait aksak us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le &#351;ark&#305;</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da notalar&#305;n&#305; verdi&#287;imiz eserlere dikkatle bak&#305;lacak olunursa; hi&#231; birinde muhayyer perdesi &#252;zerinde Sab&#226; edas&#305; yoktur. Seyre S&#252;nb&#252;le ile ba&#351;lanm&#305;&#351;, S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;biyle yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; eski eserlerden farkl&#305; olarak seyirde &#351;ehn&#226;z perdesi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ve en sonunda K&#252;rd&#238; veya Sab&#226;-Zemzeme sesleriyle kar&#226;ra var&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Burada a&#231;&#305;k&#231;a tarif ve besteler aras&#305;ndaki farklar ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yine, S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le tariflerine bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda; hi&#231; birinde kar&#226;ra K&#252;rd&#238; sesleriyle gidilmedi&#287;i g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir. Bestek&#226;rlar veya baz&#305; nazariyeciler S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bine Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le demeyi tercih etseler de bu K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;li kar&#226;r&#305;n nas&#305;l ortaya &#231;&#305;kt&#305;&#287;&#305; ne yaz&#305;k ki anla&#351;&#305;lamamaktad&#305;r.</p><p><strong>Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; Terk&#238;bi</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; makam&#305;n&#305;n tarifi; Kantemiro&#287;lu, Artin ve N&#226;s&#305;r Dede gibi nazariyecilerin kitaplar&#305;nda yer almamaktad&#305;r. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;den &#246;nce gelen H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a ise verdi&#287;i Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; tarifinde; Sab&#226; seslerini kullanmamaktad&#305;r. A&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verece&#287;imiz Arel tarifinden hareketle birinci nev&#238; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; tarifini verdi&#287;ini yazabiliriz. Sadece farkl&#305; olarak seyirde hic&#226;z perdesiyle nev&#226; ve h&#252;seyn&#238; perdelerine &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a> H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a&#8217;dan sonra gelen H&#226;&#351;im Bey&#8217;de terk&#238;bin tarifi a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#304;btida Muhayyer mak&#257;m&#305; &#252;sl&#251;bu &#252;zere &#257;g&#257;ze ederek c&#252;z&#8217;i Sab&#257; &#231;e&#351;nisi g&#246;stererek d&#252;g&#226;h, rast, yeg&#226;h&#8217;a kadar in&#252;b ba&#8217;dehu d&#252;g&#226;h, k&#252;rd&#238;, &#231;arg&#226;h, nevile d&#246;n&#252;p k&#252;rd&#238; perdesiyle d&#252;g&#226;hda kar&#257;r eder&#8221; </p></div><p>Sonras&#305;nda gelen Arel, tarifinde iki nev&#238; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;den bahsetmi&#351;tir;</p><p>Arel<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;K&#252;rd&#238;liler z&#252;mresinden Muhayyer K&#252;rd&#238; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n iki &#231;e&#351;idi vard&#305;r; bir t&#252;rl&#252;s&#252; Muhayyer ve K&#252;rd&#238; makamlar&#305;ndan, di&#287;er t&#252;rl&#252;s&#252; Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve K&#252;rd&#238; makamlar&#305;ndan te&#351;ekk&#252;l eder&#8221; </p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">XX. asr&#305;n di&#287;er nazariyat&#231;&#305;lar&#305; ise Arel&#8217;in birinci &#231;e&#351;idi i&#231;in uygun g&#246;rd&#252;&#287;&#252; tarifi vermi&#351;lerdir. H&#226;&#351;im Bey&#8217;in tarifini inceledi&#287;imizde seyrinin Muhayyer &#252;sl&#251;buyla ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;, Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; g&#246;sterdikten sonra k&#252;rd&#238; perdesini alarak d&#252;g&#226;hda kar&#226;ra vard&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; anl&#305;yoruz. H&#226;&#351;im Bey&#8217;in Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ile Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; tariflerinde dikkati &#231;eken farklar; Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le&#8217;nin Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;den farkl&#305; olarak s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesini kullanmas&#305; ve kar&#226;ra Sab&#226; sesleri ile gitmesidir. Arel ise Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;yi iki nev&#238; olarak tan&#305;tm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Birincisi; Muhayyer ve K&#252;rd&#238; makamlar&#305;n&#305;n, di&#287;eri ise Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve K&#252;rd&#238; makamlar&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;tirilmesiyle olu&#351;turulur. Bizi ilgilendiren ikinci nevi Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; seyrine uygun eserler daha &#231;ok Zek&#226;&#238; Dede taraf&#305;ndan bestelenmi&#351;tir. A&#351;a&#287;&#305;da Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; tak&#305;m&#305;ndan &#252;&#231; eser &#246;rnek olarak verilmi&#351;tir:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png" width="517" height="478" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:478,&quot;width&quot;:517,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:148111,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zJZu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3306739f-425b-4a48-848e-68bb599d29b1_517x478.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 8: Mehmed Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye (v.1897) ait darb-&#305; fetih us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; murabba</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png" width="513" height="197" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:197,&quot;width&quot;:513,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:74009,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N7vN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe0687da5-c5dd-453f-ad73-88f1ad0d319d_513x197.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 9: Mehmed Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye ait Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; aksak sem&#257;&#238;</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png" width="518" height="282" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:282,&quot;width&quot;:518,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:75581,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W5ea!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7687745-3dcd-48fc-9661-d5e7e0a0fbb1_518x282.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 10: Mehmed Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye ait Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; nak&#305;&#351; y&#252;r&#252;k sem&#257;&#238;</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da verilen &#246;rneklerde de g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi seyrin Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ad&#305;yla kay&#305;tl&#305; eserlerden pek fark&#305; yoktur. Yukar&#305;daki &#246;rneklerden hareketle; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; terk&#238;binin, ad&#305; gibi Muhayyer terk&#238;bi ve K&#252;rd&#238; mak&#226;m&#305;ndan olu&#351;up olu&#351;mad&#305;&#287;&#305;, Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; seyrinde Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; neden kulland&#305;&#287;&#305;, ilk akla gelen sorulard&#305;r. Bu sorular&#305;n cevaplar&#305;n&#305;, Muhayyer terk&#238;binin as&#305;l seyrini hat&#305;rlayarak bulabilmekteyiz.</p><p><strong>Muhayyer Terk&#238;bi</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tarif ve bestelerin incelenmesi sonucu; Muhayyer terk&#238;binin asl&#305;nda iki farkl&#305; yap&#305;ya sahip oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Bu sebeple bu terk&#238;be &#8220;birinci nev&#238;&#8221; ve &#8220;ikinci nev&#238;&#8221; olarak bak&#305;lmas&#305; faydal&#305; olacakt&#305;r. Birinci nev&#238; Muhayyer, bug&#252;n bilindi&#287;i durumuyla H&#252;seyn&#238; mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n muhayyer perdesinden ba&#351;lamas&#305;d&#305;r. &#304;kinci nev&#238; Muhayyer ise birinci nev&#238;den farkl&#305; olarak seyrinde &#8220;dik sab&#226;/hic&#226;z&#8221; perdesini kullanmaktad&#305;r. &#304;kinci nev&#238;nin tariflerini XVIII. as&#305;rdan itibaren; Kantemiro&#287;lu, Tanb&#251;r&#238; Artin, H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a, H&#226;&#351;im Bey ve K&#226;z&#305;m Uz&#8217;da buluyoruz.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, Muhayyer&#8217;in iki farkl&#305; yap&#305;s&#305; oldu&#287;unu belirttikten sonra bug&#252;n bildi&#287;imiz Muhayyer&#8217;i anlatm&#305;&#351;, ard&#305;ndan ikinci seyrin tarifini vermi&#351;tir<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a>;</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#8230;ikincisi budur ki, t&#238;z perdeler ile tem&#257;m hareket eyledikden sonra h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine gel&#252;b ve tem&#257;m h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesini g&#246;sterdikden sonra nev&#257; perdesini ans&#305;z&#305;n a&#351;ub birdenbire &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine d&#252;&#351;er ve biraz sab&#257; perdesini ok&#351;ayub d&#252;g&#226;h kar&#257;r&#305;na gider ve anda bi&#8217;t-tem&#257;m kend&#252;yi icr&#257; v&#252; bey&#257;n ider&#8221; </p></div><p>Tanb&#251;r&#238; Artin<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a>,</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Bir m&#305;zrab t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h, t&#238;z seg&#226;h, muhayyer, t&#238;z seg&#226;h, muhayyer, gerd&#257;niyye, evc, h&#252;seyn&#238;, muhayyer, gerd&#257;niyye, evc, h&#252;seyn&#238;, &#231;arg&#226;h, sab&#257;, seg&#226;h, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h, &#231;arg&#226;h, sab&#257;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h, d&#252;g&#226;h, sab&#257;, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h, &#231;arg&#226;h, sab&#257;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h, d&#252;g&#226;h&#8221; </p></div><p>H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-18" href="#footnote-18" target="_self">18</a>,</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Tiz &#231;arg&#226;hdan kopup h&#252;seyn&#238;ye dek inip h&#252;seyn&#238;den muhayyer perdesini yani t&#238;z d&#252;g&#226;h&#305; g&#246;sterip sonra da tekrar h&#252;seyn&#238;ye inip h&#252;seyn&#238;den Sab&#257; &#252;sl&#251;bu ve aras&#305; d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde kar&#257;r k&#305;la&#8221; </p></div><p>H&#226;&#351;im Bey<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-19" href="#footnote-19" target="_self">19</a>,</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;&#304;btida gerd&#257;niyye, muhayyer, t&#238;z seg&#226;h, t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h, t&#238;z nev&#257; ile &#351;ed yolunda Sab&#257; icra ederek muhayyere kadar inip ba&#8217;dehu muhayyerden perde perde nev&#257;, &#231;arg&#226;h, seg&#226;h a&#231;arak c&#252;z&#8217;i Sab&#257; &#231;e&#351;nisi belli belirsiz icra ederek d&#252;g&#226;h da kar&#257;r eder&#8230;&#8221; </p></div><p>K&#226;z&#305;m Uz<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-20" href="#footnote-20" target="_self">20</a>,</p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Evvela, gerd&#257;niyye, muhayyer, t&#238;z seg&#226;h, t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h ba&#351;lar sonra h&#252;seyn&#238;ye indi&#287;inde &#199;arg&#226;h ve Sab&#257; &#252;sl&#251;bu &#252;zere d&#252;g&#226;hda kar&#257;r eder&#8221; </p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da verilen tarifler a&#231;&#305;k&#231;a g&#246;steriyor ki; Muhayyer terk&#238;binin seyrinde kar&#226;ra do&#287;ru, XX. asr&#305;n ba&#351;lar&#305;na kadar Sab&#226; edas&#305; kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Fakat bunun yan&#305;nda Kantemiro&#287;lu, Arel ve Karadeniz tariflerinden hareketle sadece H&#252;seyn&#238; d&#252;zenine sahip bir Muhayyer terk&#238;binin varl&#305;&#287;&#305; da red edilemeyecektir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tariflerin daha iyi anla&#351;&#305;labilmesi i&#231;in yukar&#305;daki Muhayyer tariflere uyan yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; birka&#231; &#246;rnek eserin notas&#305; a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png" width="514" height="256" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X1XO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7fdf1cf0-24b7-4e59-9a03-569926fbd65e_514x256.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 12: Acemler&#8217;e Ait (16-18.as&#305;r) d&#252;yek us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer pe&#351;rev</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uwfL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fac05ba3b-b3ac-4b02-95b4-d0fb793122bd_517x423.png" width="517" height="423" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 11: Yahy&#257; Naz&#238;m Efendi&#8217;ye (v.1727) ait zenc&#238;r us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer murabba</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jLcO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ebc0856-4ed4-479b-9013-5cc3d30b9887_514x459.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jLcO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ebc0856-4ed4-479b-9013-5cc3d30b9887_514x459.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jLcO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ebc0856-4ed4-479b-9013-5cc3d30b9887_514x459.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jLcO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ebc0856-4ed4-479b-9013-5cc3d30b9887_514x459.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jLcO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6ebc0856-4ed4-479b-9013-5cc3d30b9887_514x459.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 13: Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye Ait (v.1897) darb-&#305; fetih us&#251;l&#252;nde Muhayyer murabba</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Verdi&#287;imiz son &#246;rnek eser, g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye aittir. Muhayyer eserinde Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; kullanmaktad&#305;r. Buradan Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhayyer terk&#238;binde iki neviden biri olan ve Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; i&#231;inde bulunduran seyri tercih etti&#287;i anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Hal b&#246;yle olunca Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin eserlerinde veya di&#287;er baz&#305; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; eserlerde neden Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305;n kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; daha kolay anla&#351;&#305;lmaktad&#305;r.</p><div class="callout-block" data-callout="true"><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Soru</strong>: </p><p style="text-align: justify;">K&#252;rd&#238; sesleriyle kar&#226;ra varan Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bi ile ikinci nev&#238; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; aras&#305;nda fark var m&#305;d&#305;r?</p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;kisi aras&#305;nda &#246;nemli bir fark g&#246;r&#252;lmemekle birlikte K&#252;rd&#238; sesleriyle kar&#226;ra varan bir Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le tarifi de son asra kadar bulunmamaktad&#305;r. &#214;ncelikle &#351;u belirtilmelidir ki; bu terk&#238;blerden en eskileri S&#252;nb&#252;le&#8217;dir. S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin ise kendine has bir seyir anlay&#305;&#351;&#305; vard&#305;r. Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le, S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binden farkl&#305; olarak sadece muhayyer perdesinde Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305; g&#246;stermektedir. Bunun yan&#305;nda iki terk&#238;b de kararda K&#252;rd&#238; seslerini kullanmamaktad&#305;r. S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bine zamanla Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ad&#305; verilmesi ve bu de&#287;i&#351;iklikle kal&#305;nmay&#305;p karar tarz&#305;n&#305;n de&#287;i&#351;tirilmesi, konunun anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305;n&#305; ister istemez zorla&#351;t&#305;rmaktad&#305;r. S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;blerinin as&#305;l yap&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n ve Muhayyer terk&#238;binin iki nev&#238;nin bilinmemesi de yanl&#305;&#351;l&#305;&#287;&#305;n kolay kabullenilmesine sebep olmaktad&#305;r.</p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Sonu&#231;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki bilgiler do&#287;rultusunda &#351;u sonu&#231;lara var&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Muayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;bi g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;ze ula&#351;ana kadar iki a&#351;amadan ge&#231;mi&#351;tir. Birinci a&#351;ama; S&#252;nb&#252;le yerine ge&#231;mesidir. &#304;kinci a&#351;ama ise; kar&#226;ra giderken K&#252;rd&#238; edas&#305;n&#305;n al&#305;nmas&#305;yla farkl&#305; bir seyre b&#252;r&#252;nmesidir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bug&#252;n Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le olarak kaydedilmi&#351; eserler, Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le&#8217;nin as&#305;l seyrine uygun olarak yaz&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Tarifini ilk N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;de buldu&#287;umuz Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin, muhayyer perdesi &#252;zerinde Sab&#226; ile seyre ba&#351;lay&#305;p yine kar&#226;ra Sab&#226; ile vard&#305;&#287;&#305;, bug&#252;nk&#252; anlay&#305;&#351;ta oldu&#287;u gibi kararda K&#252;rd&#238; edas&#305;n&#305; kullanmad&#305;&#287;&#305; anla&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Muhayyer civar&#305;ndan ba&#351;layan, seyir s&#305;ras&#305;nda t&#238;z seg&#226;h ve s&#252;nb&#252;le perdelerini kullanan ve ard&#305;ndan acem perdesi ile Sab&#226; veya K&#251;&#231;ek seyrine ge&#231;erek d&#252;g&#226;hda karar veren tek terk&#238;bin S&#252;nb&#252;le oldu&#287;u tespit edilmi&#351;tir. XIX-XX. as&#305;rda bu seyre sahip terk&#238;bin Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le oldu&#287;u, tariflerde verilse de bu tespitin yanl&#305;&#351; oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bug&#252;nk&#252; anlay&#305;&#351;taki Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin asl&#305;nda ikinci nev&#238; Muhayyer- K&#252;rd&#238; oldu&#287;u tespit edilmi&#351;tir. Bu terk&#238;bin seyri, s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesini kullanan Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; terk&#238;binin, seyir s&#305;ras&#305;nda Sab&#226; edas&#305;na yer vermesiyle olu&#351;maktad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;ye ait Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binde bir eser bulunmamaktad&#305;r. Bug&#252;n&#252;n Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;na uygun eserleri Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; ad&#305;yla yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu terk&#238;bde yazd&#305;&#287;&#305; eserler incelendi&#287;inde; seyrin i&#231;inde Sab&#226; ve K&#252;rd&#238; edalar&#305; bulunmaktad&#305;r. Eserlerde Sab&#226; edas&#305;n&#305;n bulunma sebebi Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhayyer anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;ndan kaynaklanmaktad&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; Zek&#226;&#238; Dede, Muhayyer eserinde de Muhayyer&#8217;in ikinci nev&#238; olarak adland&#305;rd&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z seyrini kullanmaktad&#305;r. Bu y&#252;zden bu seyrin K&#252;rd&#238;&#8217;li kar&#226;r verenine de Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238; demi&#351; olmal&#305;d&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le tarifine uygun olarak yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; bir eser elimizde ne yaz&#305;k ki bulunmamaktad&#305;r. Bu sebeple tarife uygun taraf&#305;m&#305;za ait bir &#246;rnek a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir. Bu &#246;rne&#287;in mak&#226;m&#305;n as&#305;l seyrinin anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305; bak&#305;m&#305;ndan faydal&#305; olaca&#287;&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmektedir. &#214;rnek &#231;al&#305;&#351;mada seyre t&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinden ba&#351;lanm&#305;&#351;, muhayyer perdesi &#252;zerinde Sab&#226; edas&#305; g&#246;sterildikten sonra s&#252;nb&#252;le perdesi al&#305;narak muhayyer perdesi merkezli seyre devam edilmi&#351;tir. Ard&#305;ndan yerinde Sab&#226; seslerine ge&#231;ilmi&#351; ve d&#252;g&#226;ha gelinerek orada kar&#226;r verilmi&#351;tir.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png" width="514" height="201" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:201,&quot;width&quot;:514,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:68650,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/i/193879103?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PwRL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F55e8f003-4f6d-4e2e-aa7f-23105ac32476_514x201.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nota &#246;rnek eser 14:Telif Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le &#246;rnek ezgi (N&#226;s&#305;r Dede tarifine g&#246;re)</figcaption></figure></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>G&#246;r&#252;&#351; ve &#246;neriler</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">S&#252;nb&#252;le terk&#238;binin yap&#305;s&#305; ve seyri bellidir. Kar&#226;ra Sab&#226; sesleriyle varmaktad&#305;r. E&#287;er kar&#226;ra Sab&#226;-Zemzeme veya K&#252;rd&#238; sesleri ile var&#305;lacaksa bunun ad&#305;na; Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le yerine, ya &#8220;ikinci nev&#238; Muhayyer-K&#252;rd&#238;&#8221; veya &#8220;S&#252;nb&#252;le-Zemzeme/S&#252;nb&#252;le-K&#252;rd&#238;&#8221; isimleri verilebilir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le as&#305;l yap&#305;s&#305;yla ve seyriyle tekrar g&#252;ndeme getirilmelidir. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin ilk tarifini verdi&#287;i bu terk&#238;bin as&#305;l yap&#305;s&#305;n&#305; bozmamaya gayret g&#246;stermek ezgi tarihi a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan uygun olacakt&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde notas&#305; bulunan S&#252;nb&#252;le, Muhayyer-S&#252;nb&#252;le ve Muhayyer- K&#252;rd&#238; eserlerin terk&#238;b adlar&#305; yanl&#305;&#351; yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; olabilmektedir. Bu sebeple tariflerin iyi anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305;; eserlerdeki makam/terk&#238;b tespitinde &#246;nemli bir rol oynayacakt&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2>Dipnotlar</h2><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Makam kavram&#305; Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;de &#351;&#246;yle tarif edilmi&#351;tir; &#8220;Mak&#226;m, &#8230;vech-i m&#252;n&#226;sib ile madde-i asliyyesi &#252;zre sem&#226;&#8217;&#305;nda kend&#252;ye mahsus bir heyet s&#226;hibi olub &#351;unun gibi uhr&#226;ya inkis&#226;ma k&#226;bil olmayan lahndir&#8230;&#8221; (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 107).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Tura, 2001, s. 84).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;na g&#246;re K&#251;&#231;ek terk&#238;bi; h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesinden bir anda &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine atlayarak kendini g&#246;sterir. Seyre gerd&#226;niyye perdesinden ba&#351;lar, evc ile h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesine iner oradan &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine atlar ve en sonunda Sab&#226; seslerine ge&#231;erek d&#252;g&#226;hda karar verir (Tura, 2001, s.110).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Popescu-Judetz, 2002, s. 33).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Tekin, 2003, s.13).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 169).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Arel, 1993, s. 254).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 169).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#8220;T&#238;z &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinden Sab&#226; &#226;g&#226;ze etmek&#8221;; muhayyer &#252;zerindeki Sab&#226; sesleriyle seyre ba&#351;lamak anlam&#305;na gelir. N&#226;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;de Sab&#226; mak&#226;m&#305;; &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinden ba&#351;lar, sab&#226; (n&#238;m hic&#226;z) perdesine &#231;&#305;kt&#305;ktan sonra tekrar &#231;arg&#226;h perdesine gelir ve seg&#226;h perdesiyle d&#252;g&#226;ha inerek orada karar verir (Ba&#351;er, 2013, s. 123).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, 2000, s. 30).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Karadeniz, 1965, s. 145).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Arel, 1993, s. 255).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a: &#8220;Tiz &#231;arg&#226;h kopup tam perdelerle h&#252;seyn&#238;ye dek inip h&#252;seyn&#238;den n&#238;m hic&#257;z, nev&#257; ve h&#252;seyn&#238; g&#246;sterip h&#252;seyn&#238;den de nev&#257; ve &#231;arg&#226;h ve n&#238;m k&#252;rd&#238;yi g&#246;stere ve d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde kar&#257;r k&#305;la&#8221; (Tekin, 2003, s. 131).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, 2000, s. 33).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Arel, 1993, s. 282).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Tura, 2001, s. 71).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Popescu-Judetz, 2002, s. 32).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-18" href="#footnote-anchor-18" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">18</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Tekin, 2003, s. 134).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-19" href="#footnote-anchor-19" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">19</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, 2000, s. 29).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-20" href="#footnote-anchor-20" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">20</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>(Uz, 1964, s. 44).</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Kaynak&#231;a</strong></h2><blockquote><p>Arel, H. S. (1993). T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#226;t&#305; Dersleri. (O. Akdo&#287;u, D&#252;.) Ankara: K&#252;lt&#252;r Bakanl&#305;&#287;&#305; Yay&#305;nlar&#305;. </p><p>Ba&#351;er, F. A. (2013). T&#252;rk Musikisinde Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede. &#304;stanbul: Fatih &#220;niversitesi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Karadeniz, M. E. (1965). T&#252;rk M&#251;sik&#238;sinin Nazariye ve Esaslar&#305;. &#304;stanbul: &#304;&#351; Bankas&#305; K&#252;lt&#252;r Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Popescu-Judetz, E. (2002). Tanb&#251;r&#238; K&#252;&#231;&#252;k Artin. &#304;stanbul: Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k.</p><p>T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, A. G. (2000). H&#226;&#351;im Bey&#8217;in Edv&#226;r&#305;. &#304;stanbul: Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi.</p><p>Tekin, A. (2003). H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n M&#251;sik&#238; Ris&#226;lesi &#304;simli Yazma Eserinin Transkripsiyonu ve D&#246;nemin Edvarlar&#305; &#304;le Mukayesesi. &#304;zmir: Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi.</p><p>Tura, Y. (2001). Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#304;lmi&#8217;l-m&#251;sik&#238; al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat. &#304;stanbul: Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;.</p><p>Uz, K. (1964). M&#251;sik&#238; Ist&#305;l&#226;hat&#305;. (G. Oransay, D&#252;.) Ankara: K&#252;&#287; Yay&#305;n&#305;.</p><p></p></blockquote><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek Nazariyatında Şed Makam Anlayışı, Çargâh, Acem-Aşîran ve Mahur Makamları]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#304;stem &#8226; Y&#305;l:12 &#8226; Say&#305;:24 &#8226; 2014 &#8226; s. 63 - 84]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/arel-ezgi-uzdilek-nazariyatnda-sed</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/arel-ezgi-uzdilek-nazariyatnda-sed</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 05 Jun 2014 09:15:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jz2g!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08ce2e26-2030-4aa8-b52c-60aef9fb7186_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jz2g!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08ce2e26-2030-4aa8-b52c-60aef9fb7186_2752x1536.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jz2g!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08ce2e26-2030-4aa8-b52c-60aef9fb7186_2752x1536.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jz2g!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F08ce2e26-2030-4aa8-b52c-60aef9fb7186_2752x1536.png 848w, 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>&#214;zet</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;cr&#257;daki m&#363;sikiyi tam olarak if&#257;de edebilen bir nazariyat yoktur. M&#363;sik&#238;nin icr&#257; k&#305;sm&#305;n&#305;n nazariyatla iyi anlat&#305;labilmesi i&#231;in as&#305;rlarca &#231;al&#305;&#351;&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ve bunun sonucu olarak farkl&#305; nazar&#238; g&#246;r&#252;&#351;ler ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu g&#246;r&#252;&#351;lerd</p><p style="text-align: justify;">en bir tanesi de bug&#252;n &#252;lkemizde m&#363;sik&#238; e&#287;itimi verilen yerlerde okutulan; &#8220;Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek&#8221; nazariyat&#305;d&#305;r. Her nazariyatta oldu&#287;u gibi bu nazariyat anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;nda da ele&#351;tirilecek ve takdir edilecek noktalar vard&#305;r. Bu mak&#257;lede Arel nazariy&#257;t&#305;nda yer alan &#350;ed mak&#257;m anlay&#305;&#351;&#305; ortaya konulmu&#351;, &#246;rnek olarak &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305; ve &#351;edleri incelenmi&#351;tir. Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;mlar&#305; tahlil edilerek bu iki mak&#257;m&#305;n &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n veya birbirlerinin ba&#351;ka bir perdede s&#363;reti olup olmad&#305;&#287;&#305; ortaya koyulacakt&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Giri&#351; </strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;sinin &#231;e&#351;itli nazariyat kitaplar&#305;na bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda g&#246;r&#252;lecektir ki mak&#257;mlar, farkl&#305; s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rmalarla kar&#351;&#305;m&#305;za &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. XV. as&#305;rda &#8220;Mak&#257;m&#8221;, &#8220;&#350;&#363;be&#8221;, &#8220;&#256;v&#257;ze&#8221; ve &#8220;Terk&#238;b&#8221; isimlendirmeleriyle yap&#305;lan tasnif daha sonra kald&#305;r&#305;larak &#8220;Mak&#257;m&#8221; ad&#305; alt&#305;nda birle&#351;tirilmi&#351;tir. &#8220;Sistemci Okul&#8221;dan sonra mak&#257;mlar s&#305;n&#305;flara ayr&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ve her s&#305;n&#305;fa mensup mak&#257;mlar belirlenmi&#351;tir. Bunu yaparken de her nazariyat&#231;&#305; ya kendine g&#246;re ya da d&#246;nemin &#351;artlar&#305;na g&#246;re s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rma yapm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#350;&#246;yle ki; XVIII. as&#305;r nazariyecisi Kantemiro&#287;lu (XVIII.yy); mak&#257;mlar&#305;, M&#252;fred, M&#252;rekkeb ve Terk&#238;b olarak &#252;&#231; ana s&#305;n&#305;fa ay&#305;rm&#305;&#351;, daha da &#246;zel ayr&#305;mlara giderek; &#8220;Nermde Tem&#226;m Perdelerin Mak&#257;mlar&#305;, Tizde Tem&#226;m Perdelerin Mak&#257;mlar&#305;, Nermden Tize Var&#305;nca Nim Perdelerin Mak&#257;mlar&#305;, Tizden Nerme Var&#305;nca Nim Perdelerin Mak&#257;mlar&#305;, S&#251;ret&#257; Mak&#257;mlar, Mevc&#363;d&#252;&#8217;l-ism ma&#8217;d&#252;m&#252;&#8217;l-cism Mak&#257;m, Mak&#257;m N&#226;m&#305; ile Galat-&#305; Me&#351;huriyye &#220;zre M&#252;sta&#8217;mel Olan Ter&#226;kib gibi s&#305;n&#305;flar tespit etmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> Abd&#252;lb&#257;k&#238; N&#226;s&#305;r Dede (XIX.yy); &#8220;mak&#257;m&#8221; ve &#8220;terk&#238;bler&#8221; olarak s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rmaya giderken<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, sonras&#305;nda Arel&#8217;e kadar s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;rmalar hep karar perdelerine g&#246;re yap&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r; yeg&#226;h kararl&#305; mak&#257;mlar, rast kararl&#305; mak&#257;mlar gibi. Arel nazariyat&#305;nda mak&#257;mlar; &#8220;Basit&#8221;, &#8220;M&#252;rekkeb&#8221; ve &#8220;&#350;ed&#8221; olmak &#252;zere &#252;&#231;e ayr&#305;l&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">As&#305;lda Mak&#257;m; kendini ilk duyumda belli eden ve duygusuyla di&#287;er mak&#257;mlardan kolayl&#305;kla ayr&#305;labilen mak&#257;mlard&#305;r. N&#257;s&#305;r Dede Tedk&#238;k u Tahk&#238;k&#8217;inde mak&#257;mla ilgili &#351;unu yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r; </p><div class="pullquote"><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;&#8230;vech-i m&#252;n&#226;sib ile madde-i asliyyesi &#252;zre sem&#257;&#8217;&#305;nda kend&#252;ye mahsus bir hey&#8217;et sahibi olub &#351;unun gibi uhr&#257;ya inkis&#257;ma kabil olmayan lahndir.&#8221; </p><p style="text-align: justify;">(&#8230; uygun bir yol ile temel unsurlar&#305;n&#305;n i&#351;itilmesiyle kendine &#246;zg&#252; bir b&#252;t&#252;nl&#252;k ta&#351;&#305;y&#305;p, ba&#351;ka k&#305;s&#305;mlara b&#246;l&#252;nmesi m&#252;mk&#252;n olmayan ezgidir.)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a></p></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel ve Ezgi nazariy&#257;t&#305;nda &#8220;Basit&#8221; ve &#8220;M&#252;rekkeb&#8221; mak&#257;mlar gelenekli d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceye biraz uysa da baz&#305; farkl&#305;l&#305;klar ta&#351;&#305;maktad&#305;r. Makalenin konusu &#8220;&#350;ed Mak&#257;m&#8221; oldu&#287;u i&#231;in bu konu ba&#351;ka bir makaleye b&#305;rak&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;&#350;ed&#8221; kelimesi as&#305;lda; bir mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l yerinden de&#287;il de ba&#351;ka bir perdeden icras&#305; anlam&#305;na gelir. Fakat Arel ve Ezgi nazariyat&#305;nda, &#8220;&#350;ed Mak&#257;m&#8221; d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesi farkl&#305; bir anlay&#305;&#351;la ortaya &#231;&#305;km&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bir mak&#257;m ba&#351;ka bir perdede icra edildi&#287;i zaman isim de&#287;i&#351;tirmekte ve ba&#351;ka bir mak&#257;m&#305;n sureti durumuna d&#252;&#351;ebilmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde icralar farkl&#305; g&#246;&#231;&#252;rmelerle farkl&#305; perdelerde yap&#305;l&#305;rlar. Bir h&#257;nendenin en rahat okudu&#287;u yere g&#246;re veya toplu icralarda gruptaki sazlar&#305;n &#246;zelli&#287;ine g&#246;re icr&#257; edilecek perde belirlenir. Belirlenen perde &#252;zerinde yap&#305;lacak icr&#257; e&#287;er mak&#257;m&#305;n kendi yerinden farkl&#305; bir yerde ise &#8220;&#350;ed&#8221; olarak icra edilmi&#351; olur. Yani &#8220;g&#246;&#231;&#252;rme&#8221; yap&#305;l&#305;r. Burada &#246;nemli olan; icr&#257; edilecek mak&#257;m&#305;n kendi d&#252;zeninin -hangi perde &#252;zerinde icr&#257; edilirse edilsin- korunmas&#305;d&#305;r. Bir mak&#257;m ba&#351;ka bir perdeye g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; zaman ba&#351;ka bir isim almaz. Bu y&#252;zden m&#252;zisyenler kendi aralar&#305;nda; &#8220;bir ses Rast&#8221;, d&#246;rt ses U&#351;&#351;&#257;k&#8221; gibi ifadeler kullan&#305;r. Arel nazariyat&#305;nda ise baz&#305; mak&#257;mlar, baz&#305; mak&#257;mlara ba&#287;lanm&#305;&#351;lar ve onlar&#305;n &#351;edleri olmu&#351;lard&#305;r. Kendi kimliklerini kaybederek sadece ba&#351;ka bir mak&#257;m&#305;n farkl&#305; bir perdedeki s&#363;reti olmu&#351;lard&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&#350;ed</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">XIII. as&#305;r m&#363;sik&#238;&#351;in&#257;s&#305; Safiyuddin &#8220;&#351;ed&#8221; ismini 12 me&#351;hur &#8220;devir&#8221;e (diziye) vermi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a> Safiyuddin&#8217;e g&#246;re bir dizinin farkl&#305; perdelere g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi ile &#8220;taba-ka&#8221;lar olu&#351;ur. Yani ana dizi ba&#351;ka bir perde &#252;zerinde yaz&#305;l&#305;rsa yaz&#305;lan yer; devir&#8217;in tabakas&#305; olur. Buna g&#246;re Safiyuddin&#8217;de kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z &#8220;tabaka&#8221; kelimesi bug&#252;n&#252;n &#8220;&#351;edd&#8221; kelimesinin kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; durumuna gelir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">XVIII. asr&#305;n b&#252;y&#252;k m&#363;sik&#238;&#351;in&#257;s&#305; Kantemiro&#287;lu ise &#8220;&#351;ed&#8221; tan&#305;m&#305;n&#305; s&#305;n&#305;rlayarak &#8220;&#350;edd mak&#257;m oldur ki bizzat mak&#257;m olan&#305;n d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; perdesinde olur ve kararg&#226;h&#305; olmayan perdede kar&#257;r ider, yani d&#252;g&#226;h&#305; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, seg&#226;h&#305;, &#305;r&#257;k, &#231;arg&#226;h&#305; rast ed&#252;b bir mak&#257;m&#305;n &#252;zerinde tasnif olan nesneyi d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; olan perdenin mak&#257;m&#305;nda &#231;al&#305;nur.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a> diye yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p>Kantemiro&#287;lu, kitab&#305;nda eski edvardaki &#351;ed tarifini de vererek d&#246;rt adet &#351;edd yolunun oldu&#287;unu aktarm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Yeh&#363;d&#257;n(&#304;hv&#226;n?)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Muhtelif, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-zi&#8217;l-hams, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-asl.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Yeh&#363;d&#257;n; d&#252;g&#226;h perdesini merkez al&#305;r ve na&#287;me hareketine buradan ba&#351;lan&#305;r. &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Muhtelif; bir ses pestten icra etmektir. Kantemiro&#287;lu tabiriyle; b&#363;selik perdesi; d&#252;g&#226;h, m&#257;hur perdesi; h&#252;seyn&#238; ve reh&#257;v&#238; (geve&#351;t) perdesi; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n olur. &#350;edd&#252; zi&#8217;l-hams; bir be&#351;li pestten icra etmektir. H&#252;seyn&#238; perdesi; d&#252;g&#226;h, muhayyer; nev&#257; ve d&#252;g&#226;h; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinden icra edilir. &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-asl&#8217;&#305;n ise tarifini vermemi&#351;tir.</p><p>A&#231;&#305;klamalardan da anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; gibi &#351;ed; as&#305;l mak&#257;m&#305;n ba&#351;ka bir perdeye g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lerek icras&#305;d&#305;r. Mak&#257;m&#305;n &#246;zelli&#287;inde hi&#231;bir de&#287;i&#351;iklik yoktur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, basit veya m&#252;rekkeb bir mak&#257;m&#305;n 24 gayri m&#252;savi taksimatl&#305; &#246;zel dizinin bir&#231;o&#287;una g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;l&#252;p &#351;ed yap&#305;labilece&#287;ini yazm&#305;&#351; ve g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;len mak&#257;mlar&#305;n m&#252;stakil bir mak&#257;m olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; ama baz&#305; &#351;ed mak&#257;mlara farkl&#305; isimler verildi&#287;ini belirtmi&#351;tir. Bu sebeple de Arel nazariyat&#305;nda, &#351;ed mak&#257;m s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na giren mak&#257;mlar&#305;n a&#231;&#305;klamas&#305; yap&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu anlay&#305;&#351;a g&#246;re belirtilen &#351;ed mak&#257;mlar&#305;n mensubu olduklar&#305; mak&#257;mlardan hi&#231;bir fark&#305; yoktur.</p><p>Arel nazariyat&#305;nda &#8220;&#350;ed Mak&#257;mlar&#8221; s&#305;n&#305;f&#305;na girenler &#351;unlard&#305;r; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, M&#257;h&#363;r, Sult&#257;n&#238; Yeg&#226;h, Ruhnev&#257;z, Nih&#257;vend, Fer&#257;hn&#252;ma, A&#351;kefz&#257;, K&#252;rd&#238;li Hic&#257;zk&#226;r, &#350;edd-i Arab&#257;n, S&#363;zidil, Evc&#257;r&#257;, Hic&#257;zk&#226;r, Zirg&#252;leli S&#363;zn&#226;k, Heftg&#226;h.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da sayd&#305;klar&#305;m&#305;zdan; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve M&#257;h&#363;r; &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n, Sult&#257;n&#238; Yeg&#226;h, Ruhnev&#257;z ve Nih&#257;vend; B&#363;selik mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n, Fer&#257;hn&#252;ma, A&#351;kefza ve K&#252;rd&#238;li Hic&#257;zk&#226;r; K&#252;rd&#238; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n, &#350;edd-i Arab&#257;n, S&#363;z-i dil, Evc&#257;r&#257;, Hic&#257;zk&#226;r ve Zirg&#252;leli S&#363;zn&#226;k; Zirg&#252;leli Hic&#257;z mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n ve Heftg&#226;h da Seg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#351;edleri olarak kabul edilmektedirler. Suphi Ezgi&#8217;nin &#351;ed mak&#257;m olarak kabul etti&#287;i mak&#257;mlar Arel ile ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Ek olarak bir iki mak&#257;m ad&#305; daha s&#246;ylemi&#351;tir. Bunlar; Ni&#351;&#257;bur, Rast mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n, Ir&#257;k ve Evc mak&#257;mlar&#305; da Seg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#351;edleridir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n Arel nazariy&#257;t&#305;nda acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve rast perdesine g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesiyle olu&#351;an iki &#351;eddi vard&#305;r. Acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesindeki d&#252;zene Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, rast perdesindeki d&#252;zene ise, M&#257;h&#363;r ad&#305; verilir. &#199;arg&#226;h dizisini olu&#351;turan T-T-B-T / T-T-B aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;; yerinde (&#231;arg&#226;h/kaba &#231;arg&#226;h), acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n ve rast perdeleri &#252;zerinde portede g&#246;relim:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png" width="418" height="261" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-FmV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8c098aa-d312-42fb-91ff-ac5f4bd5c0b2_418x261.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Mak&#257;mlar&#305; birbirleriyle k&#305;yaslamadan &#246;nce her &#252;&#231; mak&#257;m&#305; tan&#305;mam&#305;z icap eder;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&#199;arg&#226;h Mak&#257;m&#305;</strong>: &#199;arg&#226;h ismi XV. as&#305;r edvarlar&#305;nda &#351;ubelerde<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a> ge&#231;er. Mer&#257;g&#238; (15.yy), tarifinde icrac&#305;lar nazar&#305;nda alt&#305; &#231;e&#351;it &#199;arg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n oldu&#287;unu yazmaktad&#305;r; Z&#252;&#8217;l-erba &#199;arg&#226;h (D&#246;rtl&#252; &#199;arg&#226;h), &#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; Rekb, &#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; M&#252;berka&#8217;, &#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; M&#257;h&#363;r, Gerd&#257;niye &#199;arg&#226;h&#305; ve &#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; Nevr&#363;z-&#305; H&#257;r&#257;&#8217;d&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a> Mer&#257;g&#238;, L&#226;dikli (15.yy) ve Ali&#351;&#257;h&#8217;&#305;n (16.yy) tariflerinden<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a> &#231;&#305;kard&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z sonuca g&#246;re &#199;arg&#226;h, as&#305;lda bug&#252;nk&#252; Rast d&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;n&#252;n ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Ebced notas&#305;nda verilmi&#351; seslerin perde kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;klar&#305;; rast, &#305;r&#257;k, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve yeg&#226;h&#8217;d&#305;r.</p><p><em>Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de &#199;arg&#226;h D&#246;rtl&#252;s&#252;</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png" width="223" height="62" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:62,&quot;width&quot;:223,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:7755,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4nR8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75d53fdc-a155-4e07-8ac4-cd1e8f0f5f9a_223x62.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de ad&#305; ge&#231;en di&#287;er &#199;arg&#226;h&#8217;lar; bu d&#246;rtl&#252;ye eklenen Rekb, M&#252;berka&#8217;, M&#257;h&#363;r, Nevr&#363;z-&#305; H&#257;r&#257; &#351;ubelerinin ve Gerd&#257;niye &#257;g&#257;zesinin birle&#351;imlerinden olu&#351;urlar. Mesela &#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; Rekb, &#199;arg&#226;h ve Rekb&#8217;den olu&#351;ur. &#199;arg&#226;h perdelerine Rekb&#8217;in perdeleri olan; zeng&#251;le ve nih&#257;vend (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; k&#252;rd&#238;) perdeleri eklenir.</p><p><em>&#199;arg&#226;h-&#305; Rekb</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png" width="375" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:375,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:9385,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lbbM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9b3fef07-6169-41ab-b9bb-5e4995effb70_375x59.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#226;dikli; &#199;arg&#226;h, pest u&#231;tan (yeg&#226;h&#8217;dan) kullan&#305;l&#305;rsa bilginlerce &#8220;Rast&#8221; diye isimlendirildi&#287;ini yazar.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a> Burada &#199;arg&#226;h &#351;ubesinin inici olarak kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; anl&#305;yoruz.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;na g&#246;re mak&#257;m, kendi perdesini merkez alarak &#8220;tem&#257;m&#8221; perdelerde<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a> (do&#287;al perdelerde) dola&#351;maktad&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu eski edvarlara g&#246;re verdi&#287;i tan&#305;m&#305;n kendi tan&#305;m&#305;ndan farkl&#305; olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; yaln&#305;z baz&#305; edvarlarda sab&#257; (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; nim hic&#257;z)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a> perdesi ile hareket etti&#287;inin yaz&#305;l&#305; oldu&#287;unu bildirmi&#351;tir. Edvar&#305;nda verdi&#287;i iki &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;nda eserin notas&#305;nda sab&#257; perdesi ve do&#287;al perdeler aras&#305;nda evc bulunmamaktad&#305;r. Bunun yerine acem perdesi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Kantemiro&#287;lu ayr&#305;ca mak&#257;m&#305;n ulu olmas&#305;n&#305;n yan&#305;nda az kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;ndan bahsetmi&#351; ve bunun sebebini, dar bir mak&#257;m olmas&#305;na ve terkiplerle hemen hi&#231; uyu&#351;mamas&#305;na ba&#287;lam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Ha&#351;im Bey de Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun tan&#305;m&#305;n&#305; kullanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a></p><p>Abd&#252;lb&#257;k&#238; N&#257;s&#305;r Dede, &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305; i&#231;in; acem, gerd&#257;niye ve muhayyer perdelerinde &#231;ok&#231;a gezinerek Sab&#257; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305; g&#246;sterip &#231;arg&#226;h perdesinde karar verdi&#287;ini ve bunda g&#246;r&#252;&#351; birli&#287;inin oldu&#287;unu yazmaktad&#305;r. Arel&#8217;e g&#246;re &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n dizisi, 24&#8217;l&#252; sistemin ana dizisidir ve bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;indeki &#8220;Do Maj&#246;r&#8221; dizisidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a> Mak&#257;m&#305;n perdeleri, -seg&#226;h perdesi d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda- Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun notaya ald&#305;&#287;&#305; eserlerin perdeleri ile ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Suphi Ezgi, &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305; a&#231;&#305;klarken Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;ndan ald&#305;&#287;&#305; iki notay&#305; &#246;rnek olarak vermi&#351; ve dipnot d&#252;&#351;erek; kendisinin, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;ndan ald&#305;&#287;&#305; iki &#246;rnek notay&#305; yazarken seg&#226;h perdelerinin yerine b&#251;selik perdesini koydu&#287;unu a&#231;&#305;klam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Mer&#257;g&#238;, Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Arel&#8217;deki &#199;arg&#226;h anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305; daha iyi kavramak i&#231;in &#252;&#231;&#252;n&#252; de &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde portede g&#246;relim;</p><p><em>Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de &#199;arg&#226;h</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png" width="254" height="56" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:56,&quot;width&quot;:254,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:7686,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd_P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1783d302-eb02-45ea-ad9c-2e54bae24e14_254x56.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda &#199;arg&#226;h</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png" width="409" height="67" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:67,&quot;width&quot;:409,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:11074,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Kae5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F673c106f-8268-4c3a-b5b3-00d3e94adfd1_409x67.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Arel-Ezgi&#8217;de &#199;arg&#226;h</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png" width="398" height="64" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:64,&quot;width&quot;:398,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:10864,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0sf9!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1b2e4c30-13c1-4601-81b6-923d72663266_398x64.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki &#252;&#231; anlay&#305;&#351;a bakt&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;zda Arel&#8217;deki &#199;arg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n di&#287;er ikisinden farkl&#305; oldu&#287;unu g&#246;r&#252;r&#252;z. Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de seyrin gidi&#351;at&#305;nda do&#287;al perde olarak seg&#226;h perdesinin kullan&#305;laca&#287;&#305;n&#305; tahmin etmekteyiz. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda farkl&#305; olarak h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesi kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. &#304;cr&#257;da bu perdeyi pestleterek bas&#305;p basmad&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; bilmiyoruz. Fakat e&#287;er seg&#226;h perdesini kullan&#305;yorlarsa seg&#226;h perdesinden bir tam d&#246;rtl&#252; yukar&#305;s&#305;nda bulunan dik hisar/pest h&#252;seyn&#238; perdesinin kullan&#305;lmas&#305; m&#252;mk&#252;n gibi g&#246;r&#252;n&#252;yor. Bunun yan&#305;nda Arel&#8217;in ortaya koydu&#287;u dizinin perdeleri ile yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ge&#231;mi&#351;e ait hi&#231;bir eser bulamad&#305;k.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tariflere bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda birbirinden tamamen farkl&#305; iki &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305; ortaya &#231;&#305;kar. Genel olarak d&#252;&#351;&#252;nd&#252;&#287;&#252;m&#252;zde birincisi; Mer&#257;g&#238;, Kantemiro&#287;lu ve Arel&#8217;deki &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;d&#305;r. Di&#287;eri ise N&#257;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin tan&#305;mlad&#305;&#287;&#305; mak&#257;md&#305;r. Eserlerde bu perdelere &#351;ehn&#226;z perdesi de eklendi&#287;i olmu&#351;tur. Biz daha &#246;nceki &#231;al&#305;&#351;mam&#305;zda<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a>, Mer&#257;g&#238;, Kantemiro&#287;lu, Arel, H&#257;&#351;im Bey tan&#305;mlar&#305;na birinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h, N&#257;s&#305;r Dede tan&#305;m&#305;na da ikinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h demeyi uygun g&#246;rm&#252;&#351;t&#252;k. Bu &#231;al&#305;&#351;mada da Birinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; perdeleri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibi kabul ettik;</p><p><em>Birinci Nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h Perdeler</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png" width="449" height="71" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:71,&quot;width&quot;:449,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:13744,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MXBc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa02437c3-b633-4798-a4bb-da82caafb5c7_449x71.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Diziden de anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; gibi mak&#257;m; seg&#226;h-b&#363;selik, tiz seg&#226;h-tiz b&#363;selik ve h&#252;seyn&#238;-dik his&#257;r/pest h&#252;seyn&#238; perdelerini de&#287;i&#351;meli kullanabilmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;kinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305; karakter ve yap&#305; olarak birinci nev&#238;&#8217;den &#231;ok farkl&#305; oldu&#287;u i&#231;in incelememizde yer almayacakt&#305;r. Fakat bilgi maksatl&#305; vermek gerekirse kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; perdeler a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><p><em>&#304;kinci Nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h Perdeler</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png" width="404" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:66,&quot;width&quot;:404,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:11016,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zPik!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F101f5e22-158f-473c-aba7-a5fb3de3e55e_404x66.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;kinci nev&#238;&#8217;ye &#246;rnek eser olarak da N&#257;y&#238; Osman Dede&#8217;nin (17-18.yy) &#199;arg&#226;h &#257;y&#238;ninden k&#252;&#231;&#252;k bir k&#305;sm&#305;n&#305; verebiliriz;</p><p><em>&#304;kinci Nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h &#256;y&#238;ninden Bir B&#246;l&#252;m</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png" width="437" height="152" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:152,&quot;width&quot;:437,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39013,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zB1Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc0a999a8-7dbd-432b-8bc0-1246d9e8b7ec_437x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;nda iki eserin notas&#305;n&#305; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bunlar bizim birinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h diye adland&#305;rd&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z &#231;e&#351;ide girmektedir. Eserlerden bir tanesi XVIII. as&#305;r sanatk&#226;r&#305; Dervi&#351; Mustafa Kevser&#238;&#8217;ye aittir.</p><p><em>Birinci Nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h Saz Eseri 1</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png" width="431" height="152" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:152,&quot;width&quot;:431,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:42675,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_7Px!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6807c1c6-6d7c-4995-ae5a-7fcc8a865454_431x152.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Bir di&#287;erinin ise bestek&#226;r&#305; belli de&#287;ildir.</p><p><em>Birinci Nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h Saz Eseri 2</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png" width="415" height="232" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:232,&quot;width&quot;:415,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:61093,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!uLh5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8e3c925-1bed-4813-8ebc-284b1d06bf34_415x232.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n Mak&#257;m&#305;</strong>: Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;na g&#246;re Acem mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n bir terk&#238;bidir. Tiz veya nerm perdelerde Acem mak&#257;m&#305; gibi hareket edip acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinde karar k&#305;lar. Kantemiro&#287;lu ayr&#305;ca eski edvara g&#246;re de mak&#257;m&#305; a&#231;&#305;klam&#305;&#351; ve mak&#257;m&#305;n Acem gibi hareket ettikten sonra &#8220;nerm h&#252;seyn&#238;&#8221; (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n) perdesinde karar verdi&#287;ini yazmaktad&#305;r. Tanb&#363;r&#238; Artin (18.yy), Kantemiro&#287;lu ile ayn&#305; perdeleri g&#246;stermi&#351;, seyri yeg&#226;ha kadar geni&#351;letmi&#351; ve karar perdesini acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n olarak g&#246;stermi&#351;tir. Seyirde farkl&#305; olarak ini&#351;te &#231;arg&#226;hdan d&#252;g&#226;ha ve rasta atlam&#305;&#351;, arada hangi perdenin bas&#305;laca&#287;&#305;n&#305; yazmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. XVIII. as&#305;rda yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; m&#252;ellifi belli olmayan bir m&#251;sik&#238; ris&#257;lesinde, Acem-K&#252;rd&#238; anlat&#305;ld&#305;ktan sonra &#8220;nerm acem&#8221; (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n) perdesiyle a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda karar verilirse Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n olaca&#287;&#305; yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a, N&#257;s&#305;r Dede ve H&#257;&#351;im Bey tarifleri, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun tarifinden pek farkl&#305; de&#287;ildir. Her ikisinde de &#246;nce Acem mak&#257;m&#305; g&#246;sterilmektedir. Uz, bu tarife ek olarak k&#252;rd&#238; perdesini de seyre katm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Rauf Yekt&#257;, k&#252;rd&#238; ve s&#252;nb&#252;le perdelerini kullanarak, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;ndan tiz h&#252;seyn&#238;ye kadar mak&#257;m&#305;n perdelerini vermi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, mak&#257;m hakk&#305;nda ayr&#305;ca bilgi vermemi&#351; sadece &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesi &#252;zerindeki &#351;eddi oldu&#287;unu yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-18" href="#footnote-18" target="_self">18</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Verdi&#287;imiz tariflerde karar perdesi ve seyir bak&#305;m&#305;ndan d&#246;rt &#231;e&#351;it Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n g&#246;r&#252;yoruz. Birincisi, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun a&#231;&#305;klad&#305;&#287;&#305; eskiye ait olan&#305;d&#305;r. Acem gibi hareket ederek a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda karar verir. &#304;kincisi, m&#252;ellifi me&#231;hul risaledekidir. Kantemiro&#287;lu tarifinden farkl&#305; olarak k&#252;rd&#238; perdesini de seyre eklemi&#351; ve yine a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda karar vermi&#351;tir. &#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252;s&#252;, Kantemiro&#287;lu, H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a, N&#257;s&#305;r Dede ve H&#257;&#351;im Bey&#8217;in tarifleridir. Acem ba&#351;lay&#305;p acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinde karar verir. K&#252;rd&#238; perdesi seyirde belirtilmemi&#351;tir. D&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252;s&#252; ise K&#226;z&#305;m Uz, Rauf Yekt&#257;, Arel ve Ezgi tarifleridir ki &#246;nceki tarife ek olarak k&#252;rd&#238; perdesi de seyre kat&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Biz daha &#246;nceki kitab&#305;m&#305;zda, seyirlere mak&#257;m ismi koyarken, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda karar veren &#231;e&#351;idini yok sayarak, Acem mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinde karar vermesine, birinci nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, k&#252;rd&#238; perdesi ile karara gitmesine de ikinci nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ad&#305;n&#305; vermi&#351;tik. &#350;imdi &#246;rneklerin daha iyi anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305; i&#231;in a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda karar veren &#231;e&#351;idine de &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n diyece&#287;iz.</p><p>Bu &#252;&#231; &#231;e&#351;idin dizileri perdeler a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png" width="410" height="239" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:239,&quot;width&quot;:410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:28856,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QNVq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F802b114c-0425-4350-8aad-e2d467c420c5_410x239.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Birinci nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8217;a &#246;rnek olarak Kantemiro&#287;lu edvar&#305;ndan ald&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z &#8220;Kanbusu Mehmed &#199;elebi&#8221;nin (18.yy) Zenc&#238;r us&#251;l&#252;nde Saz Eserini verebiliriz; </p><p><em>Kanbusu Mehmed &#199;elebi-Birinci Nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n Zenc&#238;r Saz Eseri&#8217;nden Bir B&#246;l&#252;m</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png" width="414" height="188" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:188,&quot;width&quot;:414,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:47362,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Q8H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ab68a2-a73b-44ad-aeff-4916d15af357_414x188.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;kinci nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305; bug&#252;n &#231;o&#287;unlukla tercih edilen bir &#231;e&#351;ittir. &#214;rnek olarak Emin A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n (18-19.yy) saz sem&#257;&#238;&#8217;sini verebiliriz. Emin A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;nPe&#351;revi, Zek&#226;&#238; Dede&#8217;nin Muhammes Murabba Beste&#8217;si, Dede Efendi&#8217;nin A&#287;&#305;r Sem&#226;&#238;&#8217;sinin ilk c&#252;mlesi de ayn&#305; anlay&#305;&#351;tad&#305;r.</p><p><em>Emin A&#287;a-&#304;kinci Nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n Saz Sem&#226;&#238;&#8217;den Bir C&#252;mle</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png" width="422" height="113" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:113,&quot;width&quot;:422,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:30822,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nvM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fab46243c-4e90-4c1a-ad99-714299b02683_422x113.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;na &#246;rnek olarak da Kantemiro&#287;lu edv&#257;r&#305;nda bulunan ve bestek&#226;r&#305; belli olmayan &#8220;Sak&#238;l&#8221; us&#251;l&#252;nde biz saz eseri uygun g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir;</p><p><em>Bestek&#226;r&#305; Me&#231;hul - &#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; Nev&#238; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n Saz Eseri&#8217;nden Bir B&#246;l&#252;m</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png" width="415" height="449" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dySy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc8f47c44-3ded-44a6-8234-9eda7bfbada4_415x449.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Baz&#305; eserlerde Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n birinci ve ikinci nev&#238; perdeleri bir arada kullan&#305;larak, seyirde seg&#226;h ve k&#252;rd&#238; perdeleri de yer alm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Basmac&#305; Abdi Efendi&#8217;nin (XIX.yy) Devr-i Kebir Beste&#8217;si, Dede Efendi&#8217;nin Zenc&#238;r Beste&#8217;sinde b&#246;yledir. &#214;nce Acem mak&#257;m&#305; g&#246;sterilir ard&#305;ndan k&#252;rd&#238; perdesi ile karara var&#305;l&#305;r. Seyirde nev&#257; perdesinde kal&#305;&#351;larda bazen nim hic&#257;z yedeni kullan&#305;l&#305;r.</p><p><em>Basmac&#305; Abdi Efendi&#8217;nin Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n Devr-i Keb&#238;r Murabb&#226; Beste&#8217;si</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-19" href="#footnote-19" target="_self">19</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png" width="413" height="351" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:351,&quot;width&quot;:413,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:76307,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-IPH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5eaf592f-ebfb-4b2e-830b-e6dc2d0a8ea1_413x351.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki eserlerin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda baz&#305; eserlerin ilk c&#252;mlelerinde karar perdesine giderken &#8220;his&#257;r&#8221; perdesinin kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; g&#246;r&#252;r&#252;z. Dede Efendi&#8217;nin Nak&#305;&#351; Y&#252;r&#252;k Sem&#226;&#238;si buna &#246;rnektir. Bunun d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda Nikos A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n A&#287;&#305;r Aksak &#350;ark&#305;&#8217;s&#305;nda da bu anlay&#305;&#351; uygulanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p><em>Dede Efendi&#8217;nin Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n Nak&#305;&#351; Y&#252;r&#252;k Sem&#257;&#238;&#8217;si</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png" width="416" height="252" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/be147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:252,&quot;width&quot;:416,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:54159,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xcqR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe147a49-1acb-422b-902d-7cab88db86ad_416x252.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;nda kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351; farkl&#305; ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kiler de vard&#305;r. Mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l seyrinde bulunmayan Sab&#257; ge&#231;kileri, son d&#246;nemlerde vazge&#231;ilmez ge&#231;ki olarak kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da 5 &#246;rnekte de g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; &#252;zere Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305; farkl&#305; anlay&#305;&#351;lara sahip olabilmektedir. Biz ikinci nev&#238;&#8217;nin a&#287;&#305;rl&#305;kta oldu&#287;u arada birinci nev&#238;&#8217;nin de kat&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; seyri, Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8217;&#305;n ana seyri olarak kabul edece&#287;iz ve k&#305;yaslamalar&#305;m&#305;z&#305; bunu g&#246;z &#246;n&#252;ne alarak yapaca&#287;&#305;z. Mak&#257;m&#305;n perdeleri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verildi&#287;i gibidir.</p><p><em>Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n Perdeleri</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png" width="408" height="58" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:58,&quot;width&quot;:408,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:8937,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DDN_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0ff787bd-0aa5-405c-8164-acb9f622ec54_408x58.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>M&#257;h&#363;r Mak&#257;m</strong>&#305;: Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de 24 &#350;ube&#8217;nin i&#231;inde ge&#231;mektedir. Mer&#257;g&#238; baz&#305;lar&#305;na g&#246;re sekiz ses i&#231;erdi&#287;ini yazar. Bunlar; seg&#226;h, sab&#257; (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; nim hic&#226;z), b&#363;selik, d&#252;g&#226;h, rast, geve&#351;t, &#305;r&#226;k ve yeg&#226;h perdeleridir.</p><p><em>Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de M&#257;h&#363;r 1</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png" width="404" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:404,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:10592,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jnxh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c458436-321d-48c7-bb33-d40c1b545418_404x59.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Baz&#305;lar&#305;na g&#246;re de M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;un be&#351; sesten olu&#351;tu&#287;unu yazar; nev&#257;, sab&#257; (nim hic&#257;z), b&#363;selik, d&#252;g&#226;h, rast.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-20" href="#footnote-20" target="_self">20</a></p><p><em>Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;de M&#257;h&#363;r 2</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png" width="327" height="54" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:54,&quot;width&quot;:327,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:8105,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mvZZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7344c6c6-9c2e-4935-9e6c-ee73afd771fc_327x54.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>L&#226;dikli&#8217;de M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;un; M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r ve M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r olarak ikiye ayr&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;g&#246;r&#252;r&#252;z. M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r, be&#351; perdeden olu&#351;ur. Mer&#226;g&#238;&#8217;de be&#351; perdeli M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;dan farkl&#305; olarak nev&#257; perdesini al&#305;r ve b&#363;selik perdesinin yan&#305;nda seg&#226;h perdesi de vard&#305;r. M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r ise, sekiz perdeden olu&#351;ur; nev&#257;, sab&#257;, b&#363;selik, d&#252;g&#226;h, rast, geve&#351;t, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve yeg&#226;h&#8217;d&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-21" href="#footnote-21" target="_self">21</a></p><p><em>L&#226;dikli&#8217;de M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png" width="404" height="61" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:61,&quot;width&quot;:404,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:10450,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TS52!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23bbdce3-b484-48d4-980f-5bd1ad3b4236_404x61.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#226;dik&#238;&#8217;nin M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r dizisi, rast perdesine g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;nde Kantemiro&#287;lu tan&#305;m&#305;ndan farkl&#305; olarak evc perdesi kar&#351;&#305;m&#305;za &#231;&#305;kar. Kantemiro&#287;lu ise m&#257;h&#363;r perdesini kullan&#305;r. L&#226;dikli de ise sab&#257; perdesinin bir tam d&#246;rtl&#252; &#252;st&#252; evc perdesidir. Kantemiro&#287;lu, mak&#257;m&#305;n iki nim ve bir tem&#257;m (tam) perdeden do&#287;du&#287;unu yazarak; bunlar&#305;n b&#363;selik, m&#257;h&#363;r ve rast perdeleri oldu&#287;unu yazar. Mak&#257;m; B&#363;selik ve Rast mak&#257;mlar&#305;n&#305;n birle&#351;mesinden do&#287;maktad&#305;r. Seyre gerd&#257;niye perdesinden ba&#351;lar. Rast perdesinde karar verdikten sonra tize do&#287;ru geni&#351;lemelerinde acem perdesini almaya m&#252;saadesi oldu&#287;unu, peste geni&#351;lemelerinde reh&#257;v&#238; (bug&#252;nk&#252; ad&#305;yla; geve&#351;t) veya &#305;r&#257;k perdesini kullanabilece&#287;ini yazmaktad&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-22" href="#footnote-22" target="_self">22</a> Tanb&#363;r&#238; Artin&#8217;in seyrinde kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; perdeler ve XVIII. as&#305;rda m&#252;ellifi belli olmayan bir musiki risalesindeki tarif<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-23" href="#footnote-23" target="_self">23</a> Kantemiro&#287;lu ile ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Sadece rast perdesinden daha a&#351;a&#287;&#305; bir geni&#351;leme yoktur. N&#257;s&#305;r Dede, M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r, M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r ve M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r-i Kad&#238;m ad&#305; alt&#305;nda &#252;&#231; tarif vermi&#351;tir. M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r&#8217;de Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;nin verdi&#287;i be&#351; perdeli M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;un aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; verir. Fakat ba&#351;lang&#305;&#231; yeri gerd&#257;niye ve biti&#351; yeri &#231;arg&#226;hd&#305;r.</p><p><em>N&#226;s&#305;r Dede- M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png" width="336" height="60" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:60,&quot;width&quot;:336,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:8858,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3YF8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fca377eee-868c-4ce2-b8bc-861d019f5f44_336x60.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Tarifte gerd&#257;niye&#8217;den rast yapmaya ba&#351;lar nev&#257;ya oradan &#231;arg&#226;h&#8217;a inerek karar verir. M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r ise, M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r&#8217;in rast perdesine kadar inmesi ve orada karar vermesidir.</p><p><em>N&#257;s&#305;r Dede - M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png" width="402" height="56" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/badbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:56,&quot;width&quot;:402,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:9608,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-EHV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbadbb2df-614b-4751-9cec-3621522064d1_402x56.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Tarifte M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; ve Rast yaparak karar verdi&#287;ini yazmaktad&#305;r. N&#257;s&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin bu iki tarifinde dikkat edilirse; b&#363;selik perdesi ve m&#257;h&#363;r perdesi zikredilmemi&#351;tir. B&#363;selik perdesini M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Keb&#238;r-i Kad&#238;m tarifinde vermektedir. Tarifte, M&#257;h&#363;r-&#305; Sag&#238;r yapmaya ba&#351;lar ve seg&#226;h yerine b&#363;selik perdesini kullanarak rast&#8217;ta karar eder<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-24" href="#footnote-24" target="_self">24</a> diyerek L&#226;dikli&#8217;nin dizisindeki aral&#305;klar&#305; vermektedir. Nas&#305;r Dede&#8217;nin ya&#351;ad&#305;&#287;&#305; d&#246;nemdeki eserler incelendi&#287;inde ger-&#231;ekten de M&#257;h&#363;r inici Rast mak&#257;m&#305;ndan ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey de&#287;ildir. K&#226;z&#305;m Uz ve Tanb&#363;r&#238; Cemil Bey tariflerinde m&#257;h&#363;r ve seg&#226;h perdeleri kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;, Cemil Bey ayr&#305;ca seg&#226;h perdesinin bazen b&#363;selik&#8217;e d&#246;n&#252;&#351;t&#252;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;n&#252; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-25" href="#footnote-25" target="_self">25</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki tariflere bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n farkl&#305; kullan&#305;mlar&#305; oldu&#287;u anla&#351;&#305;l&#305;yor. M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n bug&#252;nk&#252; donan&#305;m&#305;nda sadece &#8220;m&#257;h&#363;r diyezi&#8221; ar&#305;zas&#305; vard&#305;r. M&#257;h&#363;r eserler de notaya al&#305;nd&#305;&#287;&#305;nda bu donan&#305;m alt&#305;nda al&#305;n&#305;rlar. Fakat icrada her zaman m&#257;h&#363;r ve b&#363;selik perdeleri kullan&#305;lmaz. Mak&#257;m, seyrin ba&#351;&#305;nda na&#287;menin geli&#351;ine g&#246;re m&#257;h&#363;r perdesinin yan&#305;nda evc perdesini, karara var&#305;rken b&#363;selik perdesi yerine seg&#226;h perdesini de kullanabilir. &#350;imdi bununla ilgili birka&#231; misal verelim;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, XVI-XVII. as&#305;r bestek&#226;r&#305; Gazi Giray H&#257;n&#8217;&#305;n M&#257;h&#363;r pe&#351;revini notaya al&#305;rken ezgide m&#257;h&#363;r, b&#363;selik ve tiz seg&#226;h perdelerini kullanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Seg&#226;h ve evc perdeleri na&#287;melerde yoktur. Fakat bu eseri bug&#252;n icra etti&#287;imizde a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da yaz&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; gibi, eserde zaman zaman evc ve seg&#226;h perdesine ihtiya&#231; duyulur.</p><p><em>Gazi Giray Han &#8211; M&#257;h&#363;r Pe&#351;revi</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-26" href="#footnote-26" target="_self">26</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png" width="415" height="327" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:327,&quot;width&quot;:415,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:73263,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cGBg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F83f5901b-63b8-4041-82e9-55543995ad89_415x327.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;imdi &#246;rne&#287;ini verece&#287;imiz eserin D&#257;r&#252;&#8217;l-Elhan notas&#305;nda, b&#363;selik ve m&#257;h&#363;r perdeleri hi&#231; kullan&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Itr&#238;&#8217;ye ait olan M&#257;h&#363;r Nak&#305;&#351; Aksak Sem&#257;&#238;&#8217;de ezgi hakikaten b&#363;selik veya tiz b&#363;selik perdelerini kabul etmemektedir. Eseri Rast donan&#305;m&#305; ile yazd&#305;k. A&#351;a&#287;&#305;da notada g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi arada m&#257;h&#363;r perdesinin bas&#305;laca&#287;&#305; uygun na&#287;meler de vard&#305;r.</p><p><em>Itr&#238; &#8211; M&#257;h&#363;r Nak&#305;&#351; Aksak Sem&#226;&#238;</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-27" href="#footnote-27" target="_self">27</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png" width="412" height="199" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:199,&quot;width&quot;:412,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51968,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SIFd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7157ea6e-1320-4f9e-ad7b-82b0bc898a94_412x199.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Eyy&#363;b&#238; Eb&#363;-Bekir A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n (XVII.yy) M&#257;h&#363;r Darbeyn Murabba Bestesinde de yine farkl&#305; kullan&#305;mlar vard&#305;r. Dar&#252;&#8217;l-elh&#226;n&#8217;daki notada her ne kadar evc ve seg&#226;h perdesi kullan&#305;lmasa da bug&#252;nk&#252; icrada bu perdelere basma ihtiyac&#305; duyulmaktad&#305;r. &#304;craya g&#246;re nota a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir.</p><p><em>Eb&#251;-Bekir A&#287;a - M&#257;h&#363;r Darbeyn Murabba Beste</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-28" href="#footnote-28" target="_self">28</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png" width="390" height="307" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FKdE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d9ddb48-50a1-4f0e-9092-6d6b59729978_390x307.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Bir ba&#351;ka &#246;rnek eser Dell&#226;lz&#257;de &#304;sm&#257;il Dede&#8217;ye (XIX. yy) ait.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-29" href="#footnote-29" target="_self">29</a> D&#257;r&#252;&#8217;l-elhan notas&#305;nda tiz b&#363;selik ve m&#257;h&#363;r perdesi kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#304;lk &#246;l&#231;&#252;deki na&#287;meye benzer bir na&#287;meyi, yukar&#305;da verdi&#287;imiz Itr&#238;&#8217;nin Nak&#305;&#351; Aksak Sem&#226;&#238;&#8217;sinin ilk &#246;l&#231;&#252;s&#252;nde g&#246;rmekteyiz. Orada tiz seg&#226;h perdesi kullan&#305;l&#305;rken burada tiz b&#363;selik kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#304;cralarda da tiz seg&#226;h perdesi bas&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Yine icrada m&#257;h&#363;r yerine evc perdesi tercih edilmektedir. Kaynak notada kar&#257;ra seg&#226;h perdesiyle var&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r.</p><p><em>Dell&#226;lz&#226;de &#304;smail Dede-M&#226;hur Y&#252;r&#252;k Sem&#226;&#238;</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png" width="384" height="230" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:230,&quot;width&quot;:384,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:50173,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Dx5-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F46ee8b10-5ca9-4d3d-b28d-feeb7a852b4f_384x230.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>&#199;arg&#226;h, Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve M&#257;h&#363;r Mak&#257;mlar&#305;n&#305;n Kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki &#246;rnek notalar incelendi&#287;inde bu &#252;&#231; mak&#257;m&#305;n aras&#305;ndaki farklar ve benzerlikler kendini belli etmektedir. Fakat bunu daha yak&#305;ndan g&#246;rebilmek i&#231;in bu mak&#257;mlar&#305; birbirlerinin perdelerinde d&#252;&#351;&#252;nmemiz l&#226;z&#305;m. &#214;ncelikle birinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h ve Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;mlar&#305;n&#305; M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305; ile k&#305;yaslamak i&#231;in rast perdesinde g&#246;&#231;&#252;relim.</p><p><em>Kevser&#238;&#8217;nin &#199;arg&#226;h Saz Eseri&#8217;nin Rast Perdesi &#220;zerine G&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png" width="415" height="144" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6WDD!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb18fd736-dea4-478f-be3f-c1061915998f_415x144.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Bestek&#226;r&#305; Bilinmeyen Di&#287;er &#199;arg&#226;h Saz Eseri&#8217;nin Rast Perdesi &#220;zerine G&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png" width="411" height="236" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:236,&quot;width&quot;:411,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:64166,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wMxT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffff3e6e0-7f49-4392-8d3e-c0beae551e22_411x236.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;nda &#246;rne&#287;ini verdi&#287;imiz iki eseri rast perdesi &#252;zerinde d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;rsek, yukar&#305;da da g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi ortaya b&#363;selik perdesi kullanan Rast mak&#257;m&#305; seyrinden ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey &#231;&#305;kmamaktad&#305;r.</p><p>Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;na verdi&#287;imiz &#246;rnekleri rast perdesi &#252;zerinde g&#246;relim;</p><p><em>Emin A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n (ikinci nev&#238;) Saz Eseri&#8217;nin Rast Perdesi &#220;zerine G&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png" width="412" height="119" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:119,&quot;width&quot;:412,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:34585,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YS0K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9c420fef-d603-4ab8-874c-79279008530a_412x119.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Kambusu Mehmed &#199;elebi&#8217;nin Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n (birinci nev&#238;) Saz Eseri&#8217;nin Rast Perdesi &#220;zerine G&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png" width="415" height="216" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:216,&quot;width&quot;:415,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:51686,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0hIl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62aad898-6e13-4be4-b14d-586671e823fb_415x216.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Basmac&#305; Abdi Efendi&#8217;nin Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n (birinci ve ikinci nevi) Beste&#8217;sinin Rast Perdesi &#220;zerine G&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmesi</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png" width="413" height="356" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nyaz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47d44915-855d-412a-8b46-e57d02cee5ad_413x356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu &#252;&#231; eserden M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305;na yak&#305;n tek eser Emin A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n eseridir. Fakat bu eserde M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;da g&#246;rd&#252;&#287;&#252;m&#252;z nev&#257; &#252;zerinde Rast seslerini burada &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde g&#246;remeyiz. &#304;kinci ve &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; &#246;rneklerde g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; &#252;zere Acem mak&#257;m&#305; sebebiyle &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derecede U&#351;&#351;&#226;k yap&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Bu durum Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#246;zelli&#287;i iken M&#257;h&#363;r makam&#305;nda hi&#231; g&#246;r&#252;lmez. Yani M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305; b&#363;selik perdesinde U&#351;&#351;&#257;k yapmaz. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; Acem mak&#257;m&#305; duygusu M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305; yap&#305;s&#305;na terstir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;imdi daha &#246;nceden verilen d&#246;rt M&#257;h&#363;r eserden &#252;&#231; tanesi acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesi &#252;zerinde d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;l&#252;rse;</p><p><em>G&#257;zi Giray H&#257;n &#8211; M&#257;h&#363;r Pe&#351;revi (acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n &#252;zeri)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png" width="428" height="363" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:363,&quot;width&quot;:428,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:79684,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!i1Y6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F98700da0-48ab-4901-8cfd-4566b42fd49f_428x363.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Itr&#238; &#8211; Nak&#305;&#351; Aksak Sem&#257;&#238; (acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n &#252;zeri)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png" width="430" height="200" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:200,&quot;width&quot;:430,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:53187,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bz0l!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5f906573-cf20-46b0-b242-a4ff8fe22e6b_430x200.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Eb&#363;-Bekir A&#287;a- M&#257;h&#363;r Darbeyn Murabba Beste (acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n &#252;zeri)</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png" width="410" height="323" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:323,&quot;width&quot;:410,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:78355,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193865736?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PWJP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe5521a33-013e-418c-b1c0-39676736d200_410x323.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da &#252;&#231; esere bakt&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;zda Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n seyrinde hi&#231; kullanmad&#305;&#287;&#305; kal&#305;&#351;lar&#305; g&#246;rmekteyiz. Bunlar; Tiz durak (acem) ve karar perdelerinde Rast&#8217;l&#305;, dokuzuncu derecede (gerd&#257;niye) U&#351;&#351;&#257;k&#8217;l&#305; kal&#305;&#351;lard&#305;r. Ayr&#305;ca mak&#257;m, his&#257;r perdesini as&#305;l seyrinde tercih etmez.</p><p><strong>Sonu&#231;</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Konunun ba&#351;&#305;nda mak&#257;mlar&#305;n birbirleri ile kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lmas&#305;nda, seyir &#246;zelliklerinin, kulland&#305;klar&#305; perdelerin ve varsa gelenekle&#351;mi&#351; ge&#231;ici ge&#231;kilerin ortaya konulmas&#305; gerekti&#287;ini yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;k. Bu d&#252;&#351;&#252;nceye g&#246;re &#252;&#231; mak&#257;m&#305; birbirleri ile k&#305;yaslayal&#305;m;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Seyir A&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan</strong>: Genel seyir &#246;zelliklerini d&#252;&#351;&#252;nd&#252;&#287;&#252;m&#252;zde birinci nev&#238; &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n seyri, M&#257;h&#363;r ve Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;mlar&#305;ndan olduk&#231;a farkl&#305;d&#305;r. &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#231;arg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde M&#257;h&#363;r aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; m&#305; yoksa Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305; m&#305; kulland&#305;&#287;&#305; &#246;rneklerin azl&#305;&#287;&#305; sebebiyle a&#231;&#305;klanamamaktad&#305;r. Bu sebeple k&#305;yaslamada &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#252;zerinde duramayaca&#287;&#305;z.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">M&#257;h&#363;r ve Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;mlar&#305;, seyir ba&#351;lang&#305;c&#305; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan genel olarak ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Her ikisi de tiz duraktan seyre ba&#351;lar. Tiz durak, be&#351;inci ve alt&#305;nc&#305; derecelerde kal&#305;&#351;lar her iki mak&#257;mda da g&#246;r&#252;lebilmektedir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Kulland&#305;klar&#305; Perdeler A&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan</strong>: Eserlere dikkat edildi&#287;inde g&#246;r&#252;lecektir ki M&#226;h&#251;r mak&#257;m&#305; seyrinde Rast mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305; da hissettirir. N&#257;s&#305;r Dede tarifine bak&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda o zaman ki M&#257;h&#363;r anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n inici Rast mak&#257;m&#305;ndan ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey olmad&#305;&#287;&#305; g&#246;r&#252;l&#252;r. E&#287;er bu mak&#257;m o zamanda b&#363;selik perdesini kullanan bir mak&#257;m olsayd&#305; muhtemelen III. Selim Han S&#363;z-i Dil&#257;r&#257; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305; terk&#238;b etmeye ihtiya&#231; duymazd&#305;.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-30" href="#footnote-30" target="_self">30</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">M&#257;h&#363;r ve Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;mlar&#305;n&#305;n seyir ve kal&#305;&#351; yapt&#305;klar&#305; derecelerde &#246;nemli farkl&#305;l&#305;klar&#305;n olmad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; yukar&#305;da belirttik. As&#305;l farkl&#305;l&#305;klar asma kararlar&#305;nda nas&#305;l kald&#305;klar&#305; hususunda ba&#351;lar. M&#257;h&#363;r mak&#257;m&#305;nda Rast mak&#257;m&#305; vard&#305;r fakat bu &#246;zellik Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;nda duyulmaz. M&#257;h&#363;r, Rast mak&#257;m&#305; seslerinden dolay&#305;; gerd&#257;niye, nev&#257; ve rast &#252;zerinde Rast&#8217;l&#305; kal&#305;r. Acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;nda ise bu derecelere denk gelen; acem, &#231;arg&#226;h ve acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdelerinde Rast yap&#305;lmaz. M&#257;h&#363;r alt&#305;nc&#305; derecesine (h&#252;seyn&#238;) U&#351;&#351;&#257;k&#8217;l&#305; inerken Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ayn&#305; dereceye (nev&#257;) B&#363;selik&#8217;li iner. Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n i&#231;inde Acem mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n da g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252;n&#252; daha &#246;nce belirtmi&#351;tik. Bu sebeple &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derecesinde (d&#252;g&#226;h) U&#351;&#351;&#257;k&#8217;l&#305; kal&#305;&#351;lar yapmaktad&#305;r. M&#257;h&#363;r&#8217;da ise bu derecede (seg&#226;h veya b&#363;selik) U&#351;&#351;&#257;k yap&#305;lmaz. Ancak yerinde Seg&#226;h&#8217;l&#305; bir kal&#305;&#351; yapar ki bu &#246;zellik de Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#226;n&#8217;da bulunmaz. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; Acem-A&#351;&#238;r&#257;n mak&#257;m&#305; &#252;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; derecesi olan d&#252;g&#226;h perdesinde Seg&#226;h g&#246;stermez.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tespitlerden anla&#351;&#305;laca&#287;&#305; &#252;zere bu iki mak&#257;m &#350;ed Mak&#257;m olamayacak kadar hem &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;ndan hem de birbirlerinden farkl&#305;d&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2 style="text-align: justify;">Dipnotlar</h2><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, Yal&#231;&#305;n, Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#8216;&#304;lmi&#8217;l-M&#251;s&#305;k&#238; &#8216;al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul 2001, s.44</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ba&#351;er, Fatma Adile T&#252;rk M&#363;sik&#238;sinde Abd&#252;l B&#257;k&#238; N&#257;s&#305;r Dede, F.&#220;., Konservatuvar M&#252;d&#252;rl&#252;&#287;&#252; Yay&#305;nlar&#305; 1, &#304;stanbul, 2013, s. 111,133</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ba&#351;er, a.g.e., s. 107</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Safiyuddin&#8217;de yedi adet d&#246;rtl&#252; ve on iki adet be&#351;li vard&#305;r. Bunlar&#305;n birbirleriyle birle&#351;mesi dizileri meydana getirir. Ortaya &#231;&#305;kan seksen d&#246;rt dizinin en me&#351;hur on iki tanesine devir ve -daha sonraki y&#305;llarda- mak&#257;m ad&#305; verilir. Daha ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz. Uygun, Mehmet Nuri Safiyy&#252;ddin Abd&#252;lm&#252;&#8217;min Urmevi ve Kit&#226;b&#252;&#8217;l-Edv&#226;r&#305;, Kubbealt&#305; Ne&#351;riyat&#305;, 1999, &#304;stanbul, s.73</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, a.g.e., s.43</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>s14&#8217;de yeh&#251;d&#226;n ge&#231;erken, sayfa 157&#8217;de &#304;hv&#226;n ge&#231;iyor.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Arel, H&#252;seyin S&#226;deddin, T&#252;rk M&#251;s&#305;k&#238;s&#305; Nazariyat&#305; Dersleri, Haz: Onur Akdo&#287;u, K&#252;lt&#252;r Bakanl&#305;&#287;&#305; Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, Ankara 1993, s.317</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Murat Bardak&#231;&#305; &#351;&#363;be hakk&#305;nda &#351;unlar&#305; yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r; &#351;edd (mak&#257;m) ve &#257;v&#257;ze d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda kalan, dikkat &#231;ekici bir &#246;zellik ta&#351;&#305;mayan, hatta bir k&#305;sm&#305; sadece iki sesten ibaret b&#246;l&#252;k p&#246;r&#231;&#252;k dizilerdir. Say&#305;lar&#305;n&#305;n hemen her yazara g&#246;re de&#287;i&#351;mesine ra&#287;men 24 adet olduklar&#305; kabul edilmi&#351; ve do&#287;rusu bu &#351;ekilde bir s&#305;n&#305;fland&#305;r&#305;lmaya gidilmi&#351;tir. &#199;o&#287;u &#246;zel bir isme sahip olmayan m&#252;rekkeb&#257;ta &#351;&#363;be de denir ve mak&#257;mlar&#305;n, yani devirlerin i&#351;lenmesine yararlar; ilave edildikleri devrin dizisini uzatarak dizinin zenginle&#351;mesini daha de&#287;i&#351;ik renklere sahip olmas&#305;n&#305; sa&#287;larlar. Bardak&#231;&#305;, Murat, &#8220;Ahmed O&#287;lu &#350;&#252;krullah, Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k, &#304;stanbul, 2011, s61</p><p>Okan Murat &#214;zt&#252;rk&#8217;&#252;n a&#231;&#305;klamas&#305; daha farkl&#305;d&#305;r. &#350;&#363;be; makam a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan yakla&#351;&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305;nda, makam&#305;n k&#305;s&#305;mlar&#305;n&#305; ve ya birle&#351;enlerini meydana getiren perdelerdir. Mesel&#226; bir d&#246;rtl&#252;yle ifade edilen Rast mak&#257;m&#305;nda, makam&#305; olu&#351;turan her bir perde ve bu perdenin sahip oldu&#287;u aral&#305;k, Rast&#8217;&#305;n &#351;ubeleri olan Rast (Yekg&#226;h), D&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h ve &#231;arg&#226;h&#8217;&#305; temsil eder. &#214;zt&#252;rk, Okan Murat, &#8220;Makam, &#194;v&#226;ze, &#350;&#251;be ve terkib: Osmanl&#305; Musiki Nazariyat&#305;nda Pisagorcu &#8220;K&#252;relerin Uyumu/Musikisi&#8221; Anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n Temsili&#8221;, Rast M&#252;zikoloji Dergisi, c.2, s.1, 2014, s.34</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Sezikli, Ubeydullah, Abd&#252;lk&#226;dir Mer&#226;g&#238; ve C&#226;mi&#252;&#8217;l-Elhan&#305;, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, M&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 2007, s.75</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tekin, Hakk&#305;, L&#226;dikli Mehmet &#199;elebi ve er-Ris&#226;let&#252;&#8217;l- Fethiyye&#8217;si, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, N&#220;SBE, Ni&#287;de, 1999, s.162, &#199;ak&#305;r, Ahmet, Ali&#351;&#226;h B. Hac&#305; B&#252;ke (?-1500)&#8217;nin Mukaddimet&#252;&#8217;l-Usul Adl&#305; Eseri, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, M&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 1999, s.134</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tekin, L&#226;dikli Mehmet &#199;elebi&#8230; , s. 162</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nda tamam perdeler, eski edvarlarda ge&#231;en do&#287;al yani ar&#305;zas&#305;z perdelerdir. Perdeler s&#305;ras&#305;yla &#351;&#246;yle: yeg&#226;h, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, &#305;r&#257;k, rast, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h, &#231;arg&#226;h, nev&#257;, h&#252;seyn&#238;, evc, gerd&#257;niye, muhayyer, tiz seg&#226;h, tiz &#231;arg&#226;h, tiz nev&#257; ve oktavlar&#305;d&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kantemiro&#287;lu d&#246;neminde; sistemde, &#8220;&#231;arg&#226;h&#8221; ve &#8220;nev&#257;&#8221; perdeleri aras&#305;nda iki nim perde vard&#305;r. &#8220;Nev&#257;&#8221; perdesine yak&#305;n olan nim perde; &#8220;hic&#257;z&#8221;, &#8220;&#231;arg&#226;h&#8221; perdesine yak&#305;n olan nim perde ise &#8220;sab&#257;&#8221; perdesidir. O zaman&#305;n &#8220;sab&#257;&#8221; perdesi bug&#252;n&#252;n sisteminde &#8220;nim hicaz&#8221; perdesine denk gelir. Fakat son d&#246;nemde &#8220;sab&#257;&#8221; perdesi ile &#8220;hicaz&#8221; perdesi diklik-pestlik anlamda yer de&#287;i&#351;mi&#351;, sab&#257; perdesi, hicaz perdesinden dik h&#226;le gelmi&#351;tir. Bug&#252;n &#8220;sab&#257;&#8221; ismi kullan&#305;lmay&#305;p bu perdeye &#8220;hic&#257;z&#8221; perdesi denmektedir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8230; , s. 59, 149, Owen Wright, Demetrius Cantemir The Collection of Notations, School of Oriental and African Studies University, London, 1992 , Eser No: 189, 190, s. 405, 406, Tura, Yal&#231;&#305;n, N&#226;s&#305;r Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede, Tedk&#238;k &#252; Tahk&#238;k, &#304;nceleme ve Ger&#231;e&#287;i Ara&#351;t&#305;rma, Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k, &#304;stanbul 2006, s.53, T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, Ahmet G&#252;rsel, H&#226;&#351;im Bey&#8217;in Edv&#226;r&#305;, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi, &#304;T&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 2000, s.47</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Arel, a.g.e. , s. 40</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Hatipo&#287;lu Emrah, &#8220;Mevlev&#238; &#194;y&#238;nleri, Mak&#226;mlar ve Ge&#231;kiler&#8221;, Konya 2010</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8230; , s. 105, 150, Eugenia Popescu-Judetz, Tanb&#251;r&#238; K&#252;&#231;&#252;k Artin, Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k, &#304;stanbul 2002, s.42, Dalo&#287;lu, Yavuz, Yazar&#305; Bilinmeyen Bir M&#251;s&#305;k&#238; Ris&#226;lesinden Al&#305;nan Perdeler ve Mak&#226;mlar, DT, DE&#220;SBE, &#304;zmir 1993, s.22, Tekin, Abd&#252;lk&#226;dir, H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n Musiki Risalesi &#304;simli Yazma Eserinin Transkripsiyonu ve D&#246;nemin Edvarlar&#305; ile Mukayesesi, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi, DE&#220;SBE, &#304;zmir 2003. s. 10, Tura, N&#226;s&#305;r Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8230; , s. 47, T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, a.g.e. , s.37, Uz, K&#226;z&#305;m, M&#251;s&#305;ki Ist&#305;l&#226;hat&#305;, Yeni Bas&#305;m, Oransay, K&#252;&#287; Yay&#305;n&#305;, Ankara 1964, s.7, Yekta, Rauf, T&#252;rk Mus&#305;k&#238;si, Fr. &#199;ev. Orhan Nasuhio&#287;lu, Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k, &#304;stanbul 1986, s.71</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-18" href="#footnote-anchor-18" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">18</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Arel, a.g.e. , s. 283, Ezgi, a.g.e. , s. 237</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-19" href="#footnote-anchor-19" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">19</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kaynak, Ezgi, Cilt 2, s. 92</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-20" href="#footnote-anchor-20" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">20</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Sezikli, a.g.e. , s. 76</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-21" href="#footnote-anchor-21" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">21</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tekin, L&#226;dikli Mehmet &#199;elebi&#8230; , s. 164</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-22" href="#footnote-anchor-22" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">22</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8230; , s. 85</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-23" href="#footnote-anchor-23" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">23</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Dalo&#287;lu, a.g.e. , s. 22</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-24" href="#footnote-anchor-24" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">24</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tura, N&#226;s&#305;r Abd&#252;lb&#226;k&#238; Dede&#8230; , s. 45</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-25" href="#footnote-anchor-25" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">25</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Oransay, a.g.e. , s. 42, Cevher, a.g.e , s. 48</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-26" href="#footnote-anchor-26" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">26</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kaynak Nota: Owen Wright, &#8220;Demetrius Cantemir &#8230;&#8221;</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-27" href="#footnote-anchor-27" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">27</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kaynak nota; Dar&#252;&#8217;l Elhan, No: 241</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-28" href="#footnote-anchor-28" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">28</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kaynak nota; Dar&#252;&#8217;l Elhan, No: 243</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-29" href="#footnote-anchor-29" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">29</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Dar&#252;-l-elhan, No:247</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-30" href="#footnote-anchor-30" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">30</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Arel&#8217;deki &#199;arg&#226;h dizisini rast perdesine g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;rsek Sultan III. Selim Han&#8217;&#305;n tertib etti&#287;i S&#251;z-i Dil&#226;r&#226; mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n perdeleri ortaya &#231;&#305;kmaktad&#305;r. Ger&#231;i mak&#257;m farkl&#305; olarak tize geni&#351;lemelerde m&#257;h&#363;r perdesi yerine acem perdesi kullan&#305;r fakat N&#257;s&#305;r Dede mak&#257;m&#305;n tarifinde seyrin b&#363;selik perdesinden ba&#351;lad&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305;, &#231;arg&#226;h, b&#363;selik, d&#252;g&#226;h ve rast perdesiyle geve&#351;t&#8217;e indi&#287;ini sonras&#305;nda rast perdesinde karar verdi&#287;ini yazmas&#305;, akla -bug&#252;nk&#252; anlay&#305;&#351;a g&#246;re- rast &#252;zerinde &#199;arg&#226;h mak&#257;m&#305;ndan ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey gelmez. N&#257;s&#305;r Dede ayr&#305;ca mak&#257;m&#305;n tiz geni&#351;lemelerde nev&#257;, h&#252;seyn&#238;, acem, gerd&#257;niye ve muhayyer perdelerini pest geni&#351;lemelerde ise, &#305;r&#257;k, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n ve yeg&#226;h perdelerini kullanabilece&#287;ini yazmaktad&#305;r. Tura, Nas&#305;r Dede&#8230;, s.38</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Kaynak&#231;a</strong></h2><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Arel, H&#252;seyin S&#226;deddin, T&#252;rk M&#251;s&#305;k&#238;si Nazariyat&#305; Dersleri, Haz: Onur Akdo&#287;u, K&#252;lt&#252;r Bakanl&#305;&#287;&#305; Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, Ankara 1993.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cevher, M. Hakan, Rehber-i M&#251;s&#305;k&#238;, Tanb&#251;r&#238; Cemil Bey, E&#252;dtmk Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, No:9, &#304;zmir 1993.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#199;ak&#305;r, Ahmet, Ali&#351;&#226;h B. Hac&#305; B&#252;ke (?-1500)&#8217;Nin Mukaddimet&#252;&#8217;l-Usul Adl&#305; Eseri, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, M&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 1999.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dalo&#287;lu, Yavuz, Yazar&#305; Bilinmeyen Bir M&#251;s&#305;k&#238; Ris&#226;lesinden Al&#305;nan Perdeler ve Mak&#226;mlar, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, DE&#220;SBE, &#304;zmir 1993.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ezgi, Suphi, Nazari Ve Ameli T&#252;rk Musikisi, &#304;stanbul 1933, 1938.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Uz, K&#226;z&#305;m, M&#251;s&#305;ki Ist&#305;l&#226;hat&#305;, Yeni Bas&#305;m, G&#252;ltekin Oransay, K&#252;&#287; Yay&#305;n&#305;, Ankara 1964.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;zt&#252;rk, Okan Murat, Makam, &#194;v&#226;ze, &#350;&#251;be ve Terkib: Osmanl&#305; Musiki Nazariyat&#305;nda Pisagorcu &#8220;K&#252;relerin Uyumu/Musikisi&#8221; Anlay&#305;&#351;&#305;n&#305;n Temsili, Rast M&#252;zikoloji Dergisi, Clt2, Say&#305;:1, 2014.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Popescu-Judetz, Eugenia, Tanb&#251;r&#238; K&#252;&#231;&#252;k Artin, Pan Yay&#305;nc&#305;l&#305;k, &#304;stanbul 2002.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sezikli, Ubeydullah, Abd&#252;lk&#226;dir Mer&#226;g&#238; ve C&#226;mi&#252;&#8217;l-Elhan&#305;, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, M&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 2007.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tekin, Abd&#252;lk&#226;dir, H&#305;z&#305;r A&#287;a&#8217;n&#305;n Musiki Risalesi &#304;simli Yazma Eserinin Transkripsiyonu Ve D&#246;nemin Edvarlar&#305; &#304;le Mukayesesi, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi, DE&#220;SBE, &#304;zmir 2003.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tekin, Hakk&#305;, L&#226;dikli Mehmet &#199;elebi ve Er-Ris&#226;let&#252;&#8217;l- Fethiyye&#8217;si, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Doktora Tezi, N&#220;SBE, Ni&#287;de 1999.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#305;r&#305;&#351;kan, Ahmet G&#252;rsel, Ha&#351;im Bey&#8217;in Edv&#226;r&#305;, Bas&#305;lmam&#305;&#351; Y&#252;ksek Lisans Tezi, &#304;T&#220;SBE, &#304;stanbul 2000.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tura, Yal&#231;&#305;n, Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#8216;&#304;lmi&#8217;l-M&#251;s&#305;k&#238; &#8216;Al&#226; Vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul 2001.</p></blockquote><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Türk Musikisinde Ahenkler]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#304;stem &#8226; Y&#305;l:11 &#8226; Say&#305;:22 &#8226; 2013 &#8226; s. 131 - 144]]></description><link>https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/turk-musikisinde-ahenkler</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://akademik.emrahhatipoglu.com/p/turk-musikisinde-ahenkler</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Emrah Hatipoğlu]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 30 Nov 2013 08:23:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png" width="1456" height="813" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_VSg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc7bfc70-70cd-415b-a6df-0ee299eafe3a_2752x1536.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>&#214;zet</strong></h2><p>T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;sinde &#226;henk konusunun baz&#305; m&#251;sik&#238;&#351;inaslarca yeterince kavran&#305;lamad&#305;&#287;&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmektedir. M&#251;sik&#238; camias&#305;nda olanlar her zaman &#351;u s&#246;ylemlere tan&#305;k olurlar: <em>&#8220;Nereden &#231;alaca&#287;&#305;z?&#8221;</em>, <em>&#8220;Bir ses Rast&#8217;tan d&#246;rt ses U&#351;&#351;ak&#8217;a ge&#231;i&#351; yap&#305;lacak&#8221;</em>veya <em>&#8220;D&#246;rt ses pest kald&#305;, bir ya da bir bu&#231;uk ses yapal&#305;m&#8221;</em>...</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#304;cran&#305;n i&#231;inde y&#305;llard&#305;r bulunan sazendelerin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda bu t&#252;r ifadelere muhatap olan yeni sazendeler, ister istemez sazlar&#305;nda yeni nisbetleri d&#252;&#351;&#252;nmek durumunda kal&#305;rlar. Bunun yan&#305;nda T&#252;rk m&#251;sik&#238;sinde kullan&#305;lan baz&#305; sazlar aras&#305;ndaki oktav farkl&#305;l&#305;klar&#305;, &#226;henklerin saz ve seslere g&#246;re Bat&#305; notas&#305;ndaki as&#305;l yerlerinin tespiti de yine yeterince kavrat&#305;lamayan konular aras&#305;ndad&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu makalede m&#252;mk&#252;n oldu&#287;unca anla&#351;&#305;l&#305;r bir dille &#226;henk konusu ele al&#305;nm&#305;&#351;; &#226;henk &#231;e&#351;itleri ve T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;i sazlar&#305;ndaki durumu a&#231;&#305;klanarak Bat&#305; notas&#305;nda as&#305;l yerlerinde g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Giri&#351;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde bir mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l yerinden ba&#351;ka bir perdeye aktar&#305;lmas&#305;na &#8220;<em><strong>g&#246;&#231;&#252;rme</strong></em>&#8221; veya &#8220;<em><strong>&#351;edd</strong></em>&#8221; (transpoze) denir. Belirli perdelere yap&#305;lan &#351;edd/g&#246;&#231;&#252;rme i&#351;lemine de &#8220;<em><strong>&#257;henk</strong></em><strong>&#8221;</strong> veya &#8220;<em><strong>d&#252;zen</strong></em><strong>&#8221;</strong> ad&#305; verilir. Yani makam&#305;n as&#305;l yerinden pest veya tiz seslere do&#287;ru g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; her bir perde &#252;zerinde yeniden olu&#351;turulan aral&#305;klar veya perde s&#305;ralamas&#305;&#8220;<em><strong>&#257;henk</strong></em>&#8221; leri olu&#351;turur. Asl&#305;nda bir bak&#305;ma <em>&#351;edd</em> ve <em>&#257;henk</em> ayn&#305; manaya gelir. Yerinden &#257;hengin yani Bol&#257;henk&#8217;in d&#305;&#351;&#305;ndaki &#257;henklerin hepsi &#351;edlerdir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Musikide <em>&#257;henk</em> kelimesi &#252;&#231; anlamda kullan&#305;l&#305;r.</p><blockquote><p>1. Bir makam dizisinin kendi yerinde ya da herhangi bir perde &#252;zerinde olu&#351;turdu&#287;u d&#252;zendir.</p><p>2. Bir saz&#305;n telleri aras&#305;ndaki uyumdur.</p><p>3. Ayn&#305; anda verilen birden fazla sesin birbirleriyle uyumudur. (Harmony)</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">&#256;henk kelimesinin s&#246;zl&#252;k anlam&#305;; <em>uyum</em>, <em>uyu&#351;ma</em>&#8217;d&#305;r. Yukar&#305;daki &#252;&#231; tan&#305;m da uyumu anlatmaktad&#305;r. Birinci tan&#305;mda anlat&#305;lmak istenen &#351;udur; bir mak&#257;m&#305;n hangi perde &#252;zerinde icra edilece&#287;i &#246;nceden belirlenir ve icra edilecek perde &#252;zerinde mak&#257;m&#305;n &#231;at&#305;s&#305;n&#305; olu&#351;turan dizideki aral&#305;klar aynen muhafaza edilir. &#304;kinci tan&#305;mda ise anlat&#305;lmak istenen, sazlar&#305;n icraya ge&#231;meden &#246;nce teller aras&#305;ndaki uyumun sa&#287;lanmas&#305;yla ilgilidir. G&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde bir saz&#305;n tellerini icra i&#231;in uygun hale getirmeye &#8220;<em>akortlama</em>&#8221; &#8220;<em>ahenkleme</em>&#8221; veya &#8220;<em>d&#252;zenleme&#8221;</em> terimleri kullan&#305;lmaktad&#305;r. Mezk&#251;r kelimeler, bazen farkl&#305; perdeye g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lm&#252;&#351; mak&#257;m&#305;n icra kolayl&#305;&#287;&#305; a&#231;&#305;s&#305;ndan bo&#351; tellerin ba&#351;ka bir sese &#231;ekilmesi veya gev&#351;etilmesine &#8220;<em>d&#252;zen, d&#252;zenleme, &#257;henkleme, akortlama</em>&#8221; denildi&#287;i gibi saz&#305;n genel olarak icrada kullan&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; tel seslerinin birbirleriyle uyum haline getirilmesi manas&#305;na da gelmektedir. <em>&#8220;D&#252;zen&#8221;</em> kelimesinin <em>yerle&#351;tirme</em>, <em>tertib</em>, <em>uyum</em> gibi s&#246;zl&#252;k anlamlar&#305; vard&#305;r.<em> Akort</em>&#8217;un da (<em>accord</em>) isim anlam&#305;; &#8220;<em>uyum</em>&#8221;dur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#220;&#231;&#252;nc&#252; tan&#305;m di&#287;er iki tan&#305;mdan biraz farkl&#305;d&#305;r. Rauf Yekta Bey, bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;indeki &#8220;harmony&#8221; (armoni) nin kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; olarak &#8220;&#257;henk&#8221; kelimesini kullanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;ini de &#8220;<em>ilm-i &#257;henk</em>&#8221; olarak adland&#305;rmaktad&#305;r.<sup><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a></sup></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Biz bu makalede T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si &#257;henklerinden bahsedece&#287;imiz i&#231;in <em>&#257;henk</em> ve <em>d&#252;zen</em> kelimelerini birinci ve ikinci tan&#305;mdaki halleriyle kullanaca&#287;&#305;z.</p><div><hr></div><p><strong>&#256;henklerin Karar Perdelerinin Belirlenmesi ve &#256;henk &#199;e&#351;itleri</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki <em>&#351;edlerin/g&#246;&#231;&#252;rmelerin</em> &#231;e&#351;itlerine ve d&#252;zenlerin isimlerine ge&#231;meden evvel <em>&#351;edd/g&#246;&#231;&#252;rme </em>ile belirlenen perdeleri ve bu perdelerin neye g&#246;re belirlendi&#287;inin a&#231;&#305;kl&#305;&#287;a kavu&#351;turulmas&#305; icap eder.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;edd kelimesinin s&#246;zl&#252;k anlam&#305;; s&#305;k&#305; ba&#287;lama, ba&#287;lanma veya tasvir&#8217;dir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> Musikide, mezk&#251;r kelimenin bu anlam&#305;yla bir &#246;nemi var m&#305; bilmiyoruz ama XIII. as&#305;r musiki&#351;inas&#305; Safiyuddin, &#351;edd ismini &#8220;12 me&#351;hur devir&#8221;e vermi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> Fakat g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde anlam&#305; de&#287;i&#351;mi&#351;tir. Safiyuddin&#8217;e g&#246;re bir dizi; <em>birinci devir</em> olarak kabul edilirse, farkl&#305; perdelere g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; zaman meydana gelen diziler ilk dizinin tabakalar&#305; olurlar.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a> Buna g&#246;re Safiyuddin&#8217;de kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z &#8220;tabaka&#8221; kelimesi bug&#252;n&#252;n &#8220;&#351;edd&#8221; kelimesinin kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; durumuna gelir. Mesela Hic&#257;z mak&#257;m&#305; as&#305;l yeri olan d&#252;g&#226;h perdesi d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda yeg&#226;h perdesinde icra edilse buna; Hic&#257;z mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n &#8220;yeg&#226;h tabakas&#305;&#8221; denilebilir. Bug&#252;n bunun yerine; &#8220;yeg&#226;h perdesi &#252;zerinde Hic&#257;z&#8221; veya benzeri ifadeler kullan&#305;yoruz.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">17-18. asr&#305;n b&#252;y&#252;k m&#363;sik&#238;&#351;in&#257;s&#305; Kantemiro&#287;lu &#8220;&#351;edd&#8221; tan&#305;m&#305;n&#305; &#351;u &#351;ekilde tarif etmi&#351;tir:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;&#350;edd mak&#257;m oldur ki bizzat mak&#226;m olan&#305;n d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; perdesinde olur ve kararg&#226;h&#305; olmayan perdede karar ider, yani d&#252;g&#226;h&#305; a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, seg&#226;h&#305;, &#305;r&#257;k, &#231;arg&#226;h&#305; rast ed&#252;b bir mak&#257;m&#305;n &#252;zerinde tasnif olan nesneyi d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; olan perdenin mak&#257;m&#305;nda &#231;al&#305;nur.&#8221;</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Bu tariften de anla&#351;&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; gibi Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;na g&#246;re &#351;edd makam; bir mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l mevkiinden d&#246;rt ses pestten icra edilmesidir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kantemiro&#287;lu, kitab&#305;nda eski edvardaki &#8220;&#351;edd&#8221; tarifini de vererek bunun d&#246;rt yolunun oldu&#287;unu yazm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#350;edd&#8217;in d&#246;rt yolu &#351;unlard&#305;r; &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Yeh&#251;d&#226;n(&#304;hv&#226;n?)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Muhtelif, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-zi&#8217;l-hams, &#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-asl.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>&#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Yeh&#363;d&#257;n</strong></em>; o zamanki saz d&#252;zenidir. D&#252;g&#226;h perdesini merkez al&#305;r ve na&#287;me hareketine buradan ba&#351;lan&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>&#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-Muhtelif</strong></em>; bir tam ses pesten icra etmektir. B&#363;selik-d&#252;g&#226;h, m&#257;h&#363;r-h&#252;seyn&#238; ve reh&#257;v&#238; (geve&#351;t)-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n olur. Bug&#252;n &#8220;<em>Sip&#252;rde</em>&#8221; dedi&#287;imiz &#257;henktir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>&#350;edd&#252; zi&#8217;l-hams</strong></em>; bir tam be&#351;li pestten icra etmektir. H&#252;seyn&#238;-d&#252;g&#226;h, muhayyer-nev&#257; ve d&#252;g&#226;h-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinden icra edilir. Bug&#252;n &#8220;<em>Mansur</em>&#8221; dedi&#287;imiz &#257;henktir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><strong>&#350;edd&#252;&#8217;l-asl</strong></em>&#8217;&#305;n ise tarifini vermemi&#351;tir. Kantemiro&#287;lu&#8217;nun verdi&#287;i ilk tarif olabilir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;edd konusunda buraya kadar yap&#305;lan a&#231;&#305;klamalar anla&#351;&#305;lmal&#305;d&#305;r ki; hangi perdeye &#8220;&#351;edd&#8221; yap&#305;ld&#305;ysa orada s&#305;ralanan aral&#305;klar, icra edilecek mak&#257;ma g&#246;re d&#252;zenlenirler.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde her mak&#257;m&#305;n karar perdesi vard&#305;r. Kullan&#305;lan karar perdeleri genel olarak toplamda &#8220;dokuz&#8221; adettir. Bunlar a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da portede de g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi nermden tize olmak &#252;zere; yeg&#226;h, a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, &#305;r&#257;k, rast, d&#252;g&#226;h, seg&#226;h, b&#363;selik ve &#231;arg&#226;h&#8217;d&#305;r.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 1</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif" width="324" height="56" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:56,&quot;width&quot;:324,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Mak&#257;m&#305; belli bir eser notaya al&#305;n&#305;rken, karar perdesi mezk&#251;r <em>dokuz</em> perdeden hangisi ise o perde &#252;zerinde yaz&#305;l&#305;r. Ba&#351;ka bir perde &#252;zerinde yaz&#305;lmaz. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; makamlar&#305;n as&#305;l d&#252;zeni, bu perdelerden biri &#252;zerine kuruludur. Mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l karar yerindeki d&#252;zene &#8220;<em><strong>yerinden d&#252;zen</strong></em>&#8221;, &#8220;<em><strong>bol&#257;henk d&#252;zen</strong></em>&#8221; veya &#8220;<em><strong>bol&#257;henk &#257;henk</strong></em>&#8221;ad&#305; verilir. Bol&#257;henk d&#252;zeninin, T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;indeki belli aral&#305;klarla farkl&#305; perdelere ta&#351;&#305;nmas&#305; da, &#8220;<em><strong>ana</strong></em>&#8221; ve &#8220;<em><strong>m&#257;beyn</strong></em>&#8221; d&#252;zenlerini olu&#351;turur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde 3 &#231;e&#351;it &#8220;D&#252;zen/&#256;henk&#8221; vard&#305;r. Bunlar;</p><blockquote><p>a. Ana &#256;henk (Ana D&#252;zen)</p><p>b. M&#257;beyn (Ara D&#252;zen veya Ara &#256;henk)</p><p>c. N&#305;sfiye (Sekizli/Oktav D&#252;zen veya Sekizli/Oktav &#256;henk)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;da &#252;&#231;e ay&#305;rd&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z &#257;henklerin hangi perdelerin &#252;zerinde d&#252;zen ald&#305;&#287;&#305;n&#305; bilmemiz i&#231;in, do&#287;u m&#363;sik&#238;sinin en &#246;nemli &#351;ubesi olan T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki do&#287;al dizinin yani eski tabirle &#8220;es&#257;s&#238; s&#252;llem&#8221;in bilinmesi gereklidir;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rklerin en eski m&#363;sik&#238; nazariyat&#231;&#305;s&#305; F&#257;r&#257;b&#238;&#8217;nin yazd&#305;&#287;&#305; &#8220;<em>Kit&#257;b&#252;&#8217;l-M&#363;sik&#238;&#252;&#8217;l Keb&#238;r</em>&#8221; isimli &#246;nemli eserinde; do&#287;u m&#363;sik&#238;sinin esas kabul edilen do&#287;al perdeleri Arap&#231;a olarak verilmi&#351; ve bu perdeler, Yunan bilgelerinin kitaplar&#305;nda ge&#231;en do&#287;al perdeler ile kar&#351;&#305;la&#351;t&#305;r&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bu do&#287;al perdelerin bug&#252;nk&#252; kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;klar&#305; &#351;unlard&#305;r;</p><blockquote><p>1. yeg&#226;h</p><p>2. a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n</p><p>3. &#305;r&#257;k</p><p>4. rast</p><p>5. d&#252;g&#226;h</p><p>6. seg&#226;h</p><p>7. &#231;arg&#226;h</p><p>8. nev&#257;</p><p>9. h&#252;seyn&#238;</p><p>10. evc</p><p>11. gerd&#257;niye</p><p>12. muhayyer</p><p>13. tiz seg&#226;h</p><p>14. tiz &#231;arg&#226;h</p><p>15. tiz nev&#257;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a><sup>[8]</sup></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 2</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif" width="392" height="78" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:78,&quot;width&quot;:392,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qRRK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81851038-19f2-4cc7-bdad-3364fb43b4b8_392x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Gelenekli sistemde bu perdelerin d&#305;&#351;&#305;ndaki perdeler ar&#305;zal&#305; perdelerdir. Bir m&#363;sik&#238;de &#8220;do&#287;al dizi&#8221; demek, i&#231;inde ar&#305;zal&#305; perde bulundurmayan dizi demektir. Fakat g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde kullan&#305;lan Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek nazariyat&#305;nda bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;inin &#8220;Do Maj&#246;r&#8221; gam&#305;ndaki perdeler &#8220;do&#287;al&#8221; kabul edildi&#287;i i&#231;in; T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki baz&#305; do&#287;al perdeler &#8220;ar&#305;zal&#305;&#8221; konuma, baz&#305; ar&#305;zal&#305; perdeler de &#8220;do&#287;al&#8221; konuma d&#246;nm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r. Yani, &#305;r&#257;k, seg&#226;h, evc ve tiz seg&#226;h perdeleri ar&#305;zal&#305; perdeler, acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n, b&#363;selik, acem ve tiz b&#363;selik perdeleri de do&#287;al perdeler haline gelmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Eski do&#287;al perdeler, F&#257;r&#257;b&#238; zaman&#305;nda elbette bu isimlerle kullan&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#304;lk isimler Safiyuddin ve Mer&#257;g&#238;&#8217;den sonra verilmeye ba&#351;lanm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. &#214;ncelikle ilk be&#351; perdeye isim verilmi&#351;tir. Bunlar a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da portede nisbetleriyle g&#246;sterilen; <em>yeg&#226;h</em>, <em>d&#252;g&#226;h</em>, <em>seg&#226;h</em>, <em>&#231;arg&#226;h</em> ve <em>pencg&#226;h</em> perdeleridir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 3</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif" width="347" height="73" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:73,&quot;width&quot;:347,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bCKd!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F605a80bc-1bf2-42d0-837c-b8b195c6aec4_347x73.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Sistemci okulda b&#252;t&#252;n makamlar <em>yeg&#226;h</em> perdesi &#252;zerinde g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir. Daha sonra H&#305;z&#305;r bin Abdullah d&#246;neminde mezk&#251;r perde bir d&#246;rtl&#252; tize ta&#351;&#305;narak yeni d&#252;zene ge&#231;ilmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a><sup>[12]</sup> A&#351;a&#287;&#305;da &#8220;Porte 4&#8221; te g&#246;sterilen bu yeni d&#252;zende parantez i&#231;erisinde yaz&#305;lan isimler ayn&#305; zamanda perdelerin ikinci isimleri olarak da kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351;lard&#305;r;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 4</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif" width="348" height="85" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:85,&quot;width&quot;:348,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!YllT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb7839169-5660-40f1-8058-7eaba92668e6_348x85.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Daha sonra <em>yeg&#226;h</em> perdesi tekrar eski yerine al&#305;nm&#305;&#351; fakat <em>d&#252;g&#226;h</em> perdesi yeni yerinde kalm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Araya da <em>h&#252;seyn&#238;-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n</em> ve <em>&#305;r&#257;k</em> do&#287;al perdeleri getirilmi&#351;tir. Son d&#252;zen <em>Porte 2</em>&#8217;de g&#246;sterildi&#287;i gibi olmu&#351;tur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Gelenekten gelen ana diziyi olu&#351;turan ilk sekizlideki aral&#305;klar; T + K + S + T + K + S + T aral&#305;klar&#305;d&#305;r. Ayn&#305; aral&#305;klar ikinci sekizlide de kullan&#305;lmaya devam etmektedir. &#256;henkler, do&#287;al diziyi olu&#351;turan aral&#305;k s&#305;ralamas&#305;na g&#246;re olu&#351;urlar;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ana &#256;henkler/D&#252;zenler</strong>: T + K + S + T + K + S + T aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n yan yana gelmesiyle olu&#351;an yedi perdenin &#252;zerinde d&#252;zenlenirler. Birinci ana &#257;henk, &#8220;<em>bol&#257;henk</em>&#8221;tir. Daha &#246;nce de ifade etti&#287;imiz gibi; mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l karar yerindeki d&#252;zendir. Buna &#8220;<em>yerinden d&#252;zen</em>&#8221; de denilmektedir. Bol&#257;henk d&#252;zeni, T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde hem yerinden d&#252;zendir hem de kullan&#305;lan en pest d&#252;zendir. Fakat g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde bu d&#252;zenin bir sekizli yukar&#305;s&#305;ndaki &#8220;<em>bol&#257;henk-n&#305;sfiye</em>&#8221; d&#252;zeni &#8220;<em>yerinden d&#252;zen</em>&#8221; kabul edilmi&#351;, di&#287;er ana d&#252;zenler bol&#257;henkten tiz iken pest duruma d&#252;&#351;m&#252;&#351;t&#252;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bol&#257;henk d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda ana d&#252;zenler; &#8220;<em>d&#257;v&#363;d</em>&#8221;, &#8220;<em>&#351;&#257;h</em>&#8221;, &#8220;<em>mans&#363;r</em>&#8221;, &#8220;<em>k&#305;z</em>&#8221;, &#8220;<em>y&#305;ld&#305;z</em>&#8221; ve &#8220;<em>sip&#252;rde</em>&#8221; dir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;D&#257;vud&#8221; d&#252;zeni asl&#305;nda &#8220;Bol&#257;henk&#8221; d&#252;zenine g&#246;re bir &#8220;T&#8221; aral&#305;&#287;&#305; tiz, Bol&#257;henk-N&#305;sfiye d&#252;zenine g&#246;re de T + K + S + T + K + S aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n toplam&#305; kadar pesttir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ana d&#252;zenleri daha iyi anlamak i&#231;in Bol&#226;henk ve Bol&#226;henk-N&#305;sfiye d&#252;zeni ile k&#305;yaslayarak tablo &#252;zerinde g&#246;sterelim;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Tablo 1</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png" width="664" height="409" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/de61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:409,&quot;width&quot;:664,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:70227,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193861538?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TfZz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fde61e82a-d191-4eff-b907-d3d627abd562_664x409.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Bunun daha iyi anla&#351;&#305;lmas&#305; i&#231;in Rast mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305;n farkl&#305; ana &#257;henklerdeki durumu a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da porte &#252;zerinde g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir. Bilindi&#287;i gibi Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n karar perdesi rast perdesidir. Buna g&#246;re;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Rast perdesinde karar veren Rast mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Ana D&#252;zenlerde G&#246;r&#252;n&#252;m&#252;</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bol&#257;henk D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif" width="372" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:66,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GpjB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6a0249a9-13d6-4a12-8caa-2b484a291824_372x66.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">D&#257;vud D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif" width="370" height="61" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:61,&quot;width&quot;:370,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lCWV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35c3cf84-3f64-4841-a1e9-cc25cef1de87_370x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">&#350;&#257;h D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif" width="372" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y8AB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8aa7c4ea-3570-4b66-8c39-4f9d7f79b427_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Mans&#363;r D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif" width="376" height="60" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:60,&quot;width&quot;:376,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IQfx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4620cdf9-7785-42b0-8ad2-ddd82cd5297f_376x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">K&#305;z D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif" width="371" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:371,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nijO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0112a15f-7542-4ed4-82c2-2f3632c501f9_371x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Y&#305;ld&#305;z D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif" width="372" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r6p5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff3947b07-4d2a-4119-81b9-925babc37d88_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Sip&#252;rde D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif" width="372" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xCsF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb60c67db-4394-4a49-af37-f0629fb3da51_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Bol&#257;henk-N&#305;sfiye D&#252;zen</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif" width="372" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/dc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!nVBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdc87dbc8-57c9-4fb9-9b70-c3aace7aa79c_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>M&#257;beynler (Ara &#256;henkler)</strong>: T ve K aral&#305;klar&#305;n&#305;n bulundu&#287;u yerlerde olu&#351;urlar. Toplam 5 adettir. Bunlar; <em>Bol&#257;henk-N&#305;s.-Sip&#252;rde M&#257;beyni</em>, <em>Sip&#252;rde-Y&#305;ld&#305;z M&#257;beyni</em> <em>(M&#252;stahsen)</em>, <em>K&#305;z-Mansur M&#257;beyni</em>, <em>Mans&#363;r-&#350;ah M&#257;beyni</em>, <em>D&#257;vud-Bol&#257;henk M&#257;beyni</em>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yine rast perdesinde karar veren Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n M&#257;beyn d&#252;zenleri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da portede g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">D&#257;vud-Bol&#257;henk M&#257;beyni<em>:</em> <em><strong>D&#257;vud</strong></em> &#226;hengi ile <em><strong>Bol&#257;henk</strong></em> &#257;henginin aras&#305;nda kal&#305;r.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif" width="371" height="61" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:61,&quot;width&quot;:371,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sSad!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0776a0a3-21a4-4cb5-a9de-4da1a5ed3f54_371x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Mans&#363;r-&#350;&#257;h M&#257;beyni: <em><strong>Mans&#363;r</strong></em> ve <em><strong>&#350;&#257;h</strong></em> &#226;henklerinin aras&#305;nda olu&#351;ur.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif" width="372" height="60" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/aec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:60,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!RN-Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faec05f32-d54e-40ae-a776-153d62771d64_372x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">K&#305;z-Mans&#363;r M&#257;beyni: <em><strong>K&#305;z</strong></em> ve <em><strong>Mans&#363;r</strong></em> &#257;henklerinin aras&#305;nda kal&#305;r;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif" width="377" height="60" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:60,&quot;width&quot;:377,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0SEk!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2459c05d-ffc0-4172-a9b6-dae464c51c17_377x60.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Sip&#252;rde-Y&#305;ld&#305;z M&#257;beyni: di&#287;er ad&#305; <em>M&#252;stahsen</em> olan &#257;henk de <em><strong>Sip&#252;rde</strong></em> ve <em><strong>Y&#305;ld&#305;z</strong></em> ahenklerinin aras&#305;nda olu&#351;ur.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif" width="375" height="61" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:61,&quot;width&quot;:375,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TkHz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbd1087d1-bc26-485b-bf4b-2d13dfa73015_375x61.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>N&#305;sfiyeler (Sekizli &#256;henkler)</strong>: Ana ve M&#257;beyn &#257;henklerin oktavlar&#305;d&#305;r. Musikide kullan&#305;lan n&#305;sfiye; Bol&#257;henk-N&#305;sfiye&#8217;dir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Rast mak&#226;m&#305;n&#305;n Bol&#226;henk-N&#305;sfiye d&#252;zendeki yeri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif" width="372" height="59" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:59,&quot;width&quot;:372,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3TcA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcbf568fd-9230-4491-95b5-4b3eb2be3352_372x59.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>D&#252;zenlerin Bat&#305; Notas&#305;ndaki Yerleri</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde bat&#305; notas&#305; kabul edildikten sonra T&#252;rk m&#363;siki&#351;inaslar&#305; bu yaz&#305;m&#305; kendine m&#226;l etmi&#351; ve kendi i&#231;inde ayr&#305; bir d&#252;zen kurmu&#351;tur;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bilindi&#287;i gibi bat&#305; notas&#305; birbirine paralel be&#351; &#231;izgiden veya hattan olu&#351;ur. Her bir &#231;izgi ve bunlar aras&#305;ndaki aral&#305;klar nota dedi&#287;imiz i&#351;aretlerin yerleridirler. Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;inde yedi adet notaya isim verilmi&#351;tir. Bunlar: Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, Si&#8217;dir. Bu notalar&#305;n bir de rumuzlar&#305; vard&#305;r; Do = <em>C</em>, Re = <em>D</em>, Mi = <em>E</em>, Fa = <em>F</em>, Sol = <em>G</em>, L&#226; = <em>A</em>, Si = <em>B</em>. Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;inde mezk&#251;r notalar&#305;n oktavlar&#305; ayr&#305; isimlerle an&#305;lmam&#305;&#351;, piyano esas al&#305;narak hangi oktavda olduklar&#305; nota isimlerinin veya rumuzlar&#305;n sa&#287; taraf&#305;na konulan say&#305;larla belirtilmi&#351;tir; C1 (birinci oktav do), C2, C3, re4, mi3 gibi.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;i notas&#305; kullan&#305;lan yerlerde, yukar&#305;da adlar&#305; say&#305;lan notalar ortak dildir. Yani bir Avrupal&#305; i&#231;in portedeki alttan ikinci aral&#305;ktaki notan&#305;n ad&#305; &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; ise bir T&#252;rk i&#231;in de &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; d&#305;r. Eserin solfeji birlikte yap&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; zaman ayn&#305; isimler kullan&#305;l&#305;r. Fakat T&#252;rk ve bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;i nota kullan&#305;m&#305; aras&#305;nda temelde iki fark vard&#305;r;</p><blockquote><p>a. Bir adla an&#305;lan notan&#305;n iki m&#252;zikte farkl&#305; seste (frekansta) olmas&#305; ve bu sebeple icra edilen eserlerin yaz&#305;l&#305;rken portede &#8211;bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;ine g&#246;re- as&#305;l yerlerinin d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda yaz&#305;lmas&#305;</p><p>b. Eserler farkl&#305; d&#252;zende icra edilse bile icra edilecek makam&#305;n hep as&#305;l karar yerinden yaz&#305;lmas&#305;</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;inde 1939&#8217;dan sonra 440 titre&#351;ime sahip nota &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; notas&#305; olarak kabul edilmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a> Portede alttan ikinci aral&#305;kta g&#246;sterilir ve piyanoya g&#246;re d&#246;rd&#252;nc&#252; oktavdaki &#8220;la&#8221;d&#305;r. (L&#226;4, A4)</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 5</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif" width="70" height="62" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:62,&quot;width&quot;:70,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AKab!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd1c87fb-70e8-4560-9082-e900fb1d53e0_70x62.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;i icra edilen her yerde 440 frekansl&#305; &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; notas&#305; ayn&#305; konumdad&#305;r, de&#287;i&#351;mez. T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde ise bu frekans&#305;n kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; olarak &#8220;re&#8221; notas&#305; kabul edilmi&#351;tir. Re notas&#305;n&#305;n kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;&#287;&#305; da; K&#257;nun, Kemen&#231;e, Keman gibi sazlara ve kad&#305;n seslerine g&#246;re &#8220;nev&#257;&#8221; perdesi, Tanbur, Ud, Viyolonsel gibi sazlara ve erkek seslerine g&#246;re de &#8220;tiz nev&#257;&#8221; perdesidir. Tanb&#363;r, Ud ve Viyolonsel gibi T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde kullan&#305;lan sazlar erkek seslerin frekanslar&#305; ile ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Yine T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde kullan&#305;lan; K&#257;nun, Kemen&#231;e, Keman gibi sazlar da bayan sesleri ile ayn&#305; frekanstad&#305;rlar. Bu y&#252;zden makalede erkeklerle ayn&#305; frekansta olan sazlara &#8220;Erkek Saz&#8221;, bayanlarla ayn&#305; frekanstaki sazlara da &#8220;Di&#351;i Saz&#8221; demenin uygun oldu&#287;u d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmektedir. Erkek sazlarda A4 perdesinin &#8220;tiz nev&#257;&#8221; perdesine denk gelme sebebi, bu sazlar&#305;n di&#351;i sazlardan bir sekizli pestte olmas&#305;ndand&#305;r. Ana saz gurubu olarak hangisini se&#231;ersek 440 titre&#351;ime sahip &#8220;re&#8221; perdesi bizim i&#231;in o olacakt&#305;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 6</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif" width="108" height="78" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:78,&quot;width&quot;:108,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!sRWx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c89ccb3-ffd4-40cc-9df0-33d85067a99a_108x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;i icrac&#305;s&#305;, saz&#305;n&#305; akortlarken &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; notas&#305;n&#305; &#8220;re&#8221; kabul eder ama notadan eser icra etti&#287;inde veya solfej yapt&#305;&#287;&#305;nda &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; notas&#305; yine &#8220;l&#226;&#8221;d&#305;r. Fakat T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; dedi&#287;imiz nota da asl&#305;nda bat&#305;da &#8220;mi&#8221; dir. K&#257;n&#363;n saz&#305;na g&#246;re d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;l&#252;rse; &#8220;nev&#257;&#8221; perdesi bat&#305;da &#8220;l&#226;4&#8221;, &#8220;d&#252;g&#226;h&#8221; perdesi de &#8220;mi4&#8221;e denk gelir. Yani &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; denildi&#287;inde asl&#305;nda bat&#305; m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki &#8220;mi&#8221; sesi, &#8220;re&#8221; denildi&#287;inde yine bat&#305; m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki &#8220;l&#226;&#8221; sesi duyulur.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Di&#287;er bir fark&#305;n ise eserler farkl&#305; d&#252;zende icra edilse bile icra edilen makam&#305;n her zaman as&#305;l yerinden yaz&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; belirtilmi&#351;ti.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;ncelikle bilinmelidir ki T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde gelenekten gelen bir al&#305;&#351;kanl&#305;kla; her mak&#257;m&#305;n bir karar perdesi vard&#305;r; Rast makam&#305;n&#305;n karar perdesinin <em>rast</em> olmas&#305;, U&#351;&#351;&#257;k&#8217;&#305;n <em>d&#252;g&#226;h</em> olmas&#305;, Bestenig&#226;r&#8217;&#305;n <em>&#305;r&#257;k</em>, Seg&#226;h&#8217;&#305;n karar perdesinin <em>seg&#226;h </em>olmas&#305;&#8230; vs. Eserler notaya al&#305;n&#305;rken yaz&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; mak&#257;m&#305;n karar perdesi katiyetle de&#287;i&#351;tirilmez. &#304;crada da durum ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Farkl&#305; &#257;henkler kullan&#305;lsa da veya saz&#305;n as&#305;l perdeleri portede g&#246;sterildi&#287;i gibi olmasa da karar perdesi hep mak&#257;m&#305;n as&#305;l yeridir. &#214;rne&#287;in;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bir K&#257;n&#363;ni, Rast mak&#257;m&#305;n&#305; yerinden yani rast perdesinden icra ederken, bir ba&#351;ka ifadeyle &#8220;Bol&#257;henk&#8221; d&#252;zeninde icra ederken, notada ne g&#246;r&#252;yorsa onu icra eder. Fakat &#8220;Sip&#252;rde&#8221; d&#252;zeninde icra etmek istedi&#287;inde her ne kadar makam rast perdesi &#252;zerinde yaz&#305;lsa da o bir &#8220;tan&#238;n&#238;&#8221; aral&#305;&#287;&#305; peste olan; acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesi &#252;zerinden icra edecektir. Onun &#8220;rast&#8221; perdesi art&#305;k &#8220;acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8221;-&#8217;d&#305;r. Bunun i&#231;in nota de&#287;i&#351;tirmez. Kendisine karar yeri soruldu&#287;unda ya &#8220;<em>acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n</em>&#8221; ya da &#8220;<em>bir ses rast</em>&#8221; diye cevap verir. Di&#287;er d&#252;zenler i&#231;in de durum ayn&#305;d&#305;r. Ses icrac&#305;s&#305; ise farkl&#305; d&#252;zenlerden okusa bile o an i&#231;in okudu&#287;u yerin karar perdelerini d&#252;&#351;&#252;nmez. Onun i&#231;in makam&#305;n as&#305;l karar yeri &#246;nemlidir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;inde ise bu durum farkl&#305;d&#305;r. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; icrac&#305; notada ne g&#246;r&#252;yorsa onu icra eder. Bazen okumada g&#252;&#231;l&#252;k olmas&#305;n diye eserler bir oktav pestten veya tizden yaz&#305;l&#305;r. Eser hangi nota &#252;zerinden karar veriyorsa tonun ad&#305;, o notan&#305;n ismi ile ba&#351;lar. Mi maj&#246;r, l&#226; min&#246;r gibi&#8230;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305; notas&#305; kullan&#305;l&#305;p da b&#246;yle bir durumla kar&#351;&#305; kar&#351;&#305;ya kalmak T&#252;rk m&#252;zisyenleri taraf&#305;ndan hi&#231;bir zaman sorun olarak g&#246;r&#252;lmemi&#351;; diyapazondan &#231;&#305;kan sese &#8220;re&#8221; denilerek &#231;&#246;z&#252;m getirilmi&#351;tir. Saz&#305;n akordu yap&#305;l&#305;rken de &#8220;yeg&#226;h&#8221; perdesi diyapazon sesine g&#246;re bir ya da iki sekizli pest d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lerek yap&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Bat&#305;l&#305; bir m&#252;zisyenle T&#252;rk m&#252;zisyeni yan yana bir eser icra ettiklerinde de ya T&#252;rk m&#252;zisyeni, bat&#305; m&#252;zisyenine ayak uydurmak i&#231;in makam&#305;n karar perdesini bir d&#246;rtl&#252; tiz veya bir be&#351;li nerm d&#252;&#351;&#252;nm&#252;&#351; ya da bat&#305;l&#305; m&#252;zisyeni, karar perdesini T&#252;rk m&#252;zisyenine ayak uydurmak i&#231;in d&#246;rt ses nerm veya be&#351; ses tiz d&#252;&#351;&#252;nm&#252;&#351;t&#252;r.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#214;nceden de belirtildi&#287;i gibi; T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde sazlar ve sesler iki z&#252;mreye ayr&#305;lm&#305;&#351;t&#305;r. Sazlar; &#8220;<em><strong>erkek</strong></em>&#8221; ve &#8220;<em><strong>di&#351;i</strong></em>&#8221; olarak, sesler de &#8220;<em><strong>erkek</strong></em>&#8221; ve &#8220;<em><strong>kad&#305;n</strong></em>&#8221; olarak ayr&#305;l&#305;r. Bu iki z&#252;mrenin aras&#305;nda bir oktavl&#305;k fark vard&#305;r. Di&#351;i sazlar ve Kad&#305;n sesler, Erkek saz ve seslere g&#246;re bir sekizli daha tizdir. A&#351;a&#287;&#305;da iki z&#252;mrenin -bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;indeki kar&#351;&#305;l&#305;klar&#305;yla- &#8220;<em>kaba yeg&#226;h</em>&#8221;dan &#8220;<em>tiz gerd&#257;niye</em>&#8221;ye kadar portede g&#246;r&#252;n&#252;mleri verilmi&#351;tir;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Porte 7</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif" width="433" height="108" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:108,&quot;width&quot;:433,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9qi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3426153-1aa3-4095-b15a-d04c04d983c0_433x108.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Erkek sazlardan olan Tanb&#363;r&#8217;un en pest perdesi -yukar&#305;da portede g&#246;sterilen- &#8220;kaba/nerm yeg&#226;h&#8221; perdesidir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a> Ud saz&#305; da &#8220;kaba/nerm a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8221; perdesine kadar nermle&#351;ir. Viyolonsel saz&#305; da &#8220;kaba/nerm acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#226;n&#8221;a kadar iner. Bu perdeler di&#351;i sazlarda yoktur. Di&#351;i sazlar, erkek sazlar&#305;n &#8220;yeg&#226;h&#8221; perdesini &#8220;kaba/nerm yeg&#226;h&#8221;, &#8220;nev&#257;&#8221; perdesini de &#8220;yeg&#226;h&#8221; perdesi kabul eder.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Konunun daha iyi anla&#351;&#305;labilmesi i&#231;in ayn&#305; durum a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da Tablo 2 &#252;zerinde g&#246;sterilmi&#351;tir;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Tablo 2</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png" width="643" height="436" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:436,&quot;width&quot;:643,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:64099,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://emrahhatipoglu.substack.com/i/193861538?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rxG6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71ec6ebd-edbd-4507-85d9-f66ae68654fd_643x436.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Yukar&#305;daki tabloyu inceledikten sonra tekrar hat&#305;rlatmak icap eder ki, perdelerin bat&#305; notas&#305;ndaki ve T&#252;rk sazlar&#305; aras&#305;ndaki g&#246;r&#252;n&#252;m&#252; her ne kadar yukar&#305;daki gibi olsa da T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde eserler yaz&#305;l&#305;rken veya bir eser icra edilirken perdenin porte &#252;zerindeki ger&#231;ek yerleri d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;lmez. Eserler, daha &#246;nce a&#231;&#305;klad&#305;&#287;&#305;m&#305;z do&#287;al dizinin g&#246;sterildi&#287;i iki sekizli ses sahas&#305; i&#231;inde yaz&#305;l&#305;r ve bu saha i&#231;inde d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;l&#252;r;</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Eserlerin Yaz&#305;ld&#305;&#287;&#305; &#304;ki Oktavl&#305;k Alan</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif" width="400" height="78" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:78,&quot;width&quot;:400,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XTMR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F11a83554-e061-4dac-b1f9-3b0d5713f1ab_400x78.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Erkek sazlar ve sesler bol&#257;henk d&#252;zene g&#246;re bu iki sekizli saha i&#231;erisinde icrada bulunduklar&#305; d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;l&#252;rken bat&#305; notas&#305;nda asl&#305;nda yeri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><p><em>Erkek Sazlara ve Erkek Seslerine G&#246;re</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif" width="434" height="140" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:140,&quot;width&quot;:434,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DnVX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0dce834e-32cd-43db-bda8-be02e1157816_434x140.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Di&#351;i Sazlara ve Kad&#305;n Seslerine G&#246;re</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif" width="433" height="122" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:122,&quot;width&quot;:433,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!b_vB!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0015a905-ac02-41fa-98c0-1641baa7c1e3_433x122.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Daha &#246;nce bahsi ge&#231;en T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;indeki karar perdeleri, bat&#305; ve T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;i erkek ve di&#351;i sazlara g&#246;re ve &#8220;bol&#257;henk&#8221; d&#252;zenine g&#246;re portede &#351;u &#351;ekilde g&#246;r&#252;nmektedir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png" width="343" height="163" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/eed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:163,&quot;width&quot;:343,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!oPOf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feed2c973-9a07-4c30-af63-7ef9d58f5307_343x163.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Son &#246;rnek olarak, Rast makam&#305;nda bestelenmi&#351; bir saz sem&#257;&#238;nin ilk d&#246;rt &#246;l&#231;&#252;s&#252; yaz&#305;larak, di&#351;i, erkek sazlarda ve piyanoda as&#305;l yerleri a&#351;a&#287;&#305;da verilmi&#351;tir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif" width="433" height="254" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:254,&quot;width&quot;:433,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hEOg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17148a0a-dcba-4529-afa6-9cf17a341df9_433x254.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Sonu&#231;</strong></h2><p style="text-align: justify;">Bat&#305;l&#305; bir sazende sadece g&#246;rd&#252;&#287;&#252; notay&#305; icra etmekte iken bir T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si sazendesi, &#246;nce eserin hangi &#257;henkte icra edilece&#287;ini &#246;&#287;renir ve sazda d&#252;zenini ona g&#246;re d&#252;&#351;&#252;n&#252;r. Yerinden yani d&#252;g&#226;hdan yaz&#305;lm&#305;&#351; bir Hic&#257;z makam&#305;n&#305;n karar perdesi bir Tanb&#363;r&#238; i&#231;in; &#246;nce &#8220;d&#252;g&#226;h&#8221; sonra &#8220;rast&#8221; daha sonra &#8220;&#305;r&#257;k&#8221;, &#8220;acem-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8221;, &#8220;a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n&#8221;, &#8220;yeg&#226;h&#8221;, &#8220;kaba/nerm &#231;arg&#226;h&#8221; veya &#8220;kaba/nerm seg&#226;h&#8221;d&#305;r. Fakat kar&#351;&#305;s&#305;nda duran nota asla de&#287;i&#351;tirilmez. Bu durum Ney saz&#305; d&#305;&#351;&#305;nda her T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si i&#231;in b&#246;yledir. Her ne kadar ney saz&#305;nda da g&#246;&#231;&#252;rme yap&#305;lsa da<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a> genel olarak bir neyzen i&#231;in herhangi bir &#257;henkten icra etmek, icra edilecek &#257;henge ait Ney&#8217;in &#231;antadan &#231;&#305;kar&#305;l&#305;p &#252;flenmesinden ba&#351;ka bir &#351;ey de&#287;ildir. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; Ney &#231;e&#351;itlerinde saz&#305;n d&#252;zeni asla de&#287;i&#351;mez.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Baz&#305; kimseler i&#231;in sazlarda yap&#305;lan g&#246;&#231;&#252;r&#252;lmeler bir sorun ve zorluk olarak g&#246;r&#252;lmektedir. Asl&#305;nda eserlerin her &#257;henkte notas&#305;n&#305;n yaz&#305;lmas&#305; ile bu durum de&#287;i&#351;tirilebilir. Ama bu n&#252;shalar, tabii olarak a&#351;&#305;r&#305; nota kalabal&#305;kl&#305;&#287;&#305;na yol a&#231;acak ve sazendeler icra edece&#287;i mak&#257;m&#305;n her &#257;henginin notas&#305;n&#305; yanlar&#305;nda bulundurmak zorunda kalacaklard&#305;r. Ger&#231;ekte bir T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si sazendesi, nota de&#287;i&#351;tirmeden bir eseri farkl&#305; &#257;henklerde icra etmekten &#351;ik&#226;yet&#231;i de&#287;ildir. Bunun yap&#305;labilmesi i&#231;in belli bir mesai harcar. &#199;&#252;nk&#252; sazda g&#246;&#231;&#252;rmenin yap&#305;lamamas&#305; T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si camias&#305;nda eksiklik olarak g&#246;r&#252;l&#252;r. Bu da sazende i&#231;in bir &#246;l&#231;&#252;d&#252;r. Sonu&#231; olarak T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;si i&#231;inde farkl&#305; &#257;henklerde icra edebilme konusu b&#252;y&#252;k bir mesele olarak g&#246;r&#252;lmemelidir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinde as&#305;l b&#252;y&#252;k meselelerden biri, bat&#305; notas&#305; kullan&#305;lmaya ba&#351;land&#305;&#287;&#305;nda ilk ad&#305;mlar&#305;n yanl&#305;&#351; at&#305;lmas&#305;d&#305;r. Bu konuyla ilgili ger&#231;ekler, bizi ister istemez d&#252;&#351;&#252;nmeye sevk edip, farkl&#305; &#231;&#246;z&#252;mler hakk&#305;nda varsay&#305;mlar &#252;retmemize neden olmaktad&#305;r. Makalede &#246;rneklerde de g&#246;r&#252;ld&#252;&#287;&#252; gibi; notay&#305; bat&#305;l&#305;larla ayn&#305; telaffuzda okuyup da farkl&#305; sesler basmak insan&#305;n mant&#305;&#287;&#305;na biraz ters d&#252;&#351;mektedir. Rauf Yekta Bey, &#8220;T&#252;rk M&#363;sik&#238;si Nazariy&#257;t&#305;&#8221; isimli kitab&#305;nda bu meseleye bir &#231;&#246;z&#252;m &#246;nerisi getirmi&#351;tir.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a> &#214;nerdi&#287;i yolla, portedeki l&#226; perdesi ile T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sindeki l&#226; perdesinin sesleri, bir oktav farkla da olsa sesde&#351; olabilecektir. Bunun ger&#231;ekle&#351;ebilmesi i&#231;in &#8220;kaba/nerm &#231;arg&#226;h&#8221; olarak adland&#305;r&#305;lan &#231;izgi alt&#305;ndaki &#8220;do&#8221; perdesini art&#305;k &#8220;rast&#8221; perdesi olarak kabul edilmesi gereklidir. Di&#287;erleri de buna g&#246;re s&#305;ralan&#305;rlar. Rauf Yekta Bey&#8217;in perde s&#305;ralamas&#305;n&#305;n portede g&#246;r&#252;n&#252;m&#252; a&#351;a&#287;&#305;daki gibidir;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg" width="1020" height="182" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:182,&quot;width&quot;:1020,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!v7Ga!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F95e557fb-4b3e-4943-86a8-b8ce58dca96d_1020x182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Rauf Yekta Bey&#8217;in d&#252;&#351;&#252;ncesinin uygulanabilmesi bir bak&#305;&#351;ta &#231;ok zor g&#246;r&#252;nmektedir. En do&#287;ru &#231;&#246;z&#252;m bu olsa da olmasa da bu konuyla ilgili mutlaka yap&#305;lan &#231;al&#305;&#351;malar&#305;n a&#231;&#305;&#287;a &#231;&#305;kar&#305;lmas&#305; gereklidir. Yap&#305;lan de&#287;i&#351;iklikler her ne kadar haf&#305;zada yer etmi&#351; pek &#231;ok bilginin bir anda ba&#351;ka bir bilgiyle yer de&#287;i&#351;tirmesine sebep olsa da yap&#305;lmas&#305; gerekenler bir g&#252;n mutlaka ger&#231;ekle&#351;tirilecek ve T&#252;rk m&#363;sik&#238;sinin yarar&#305;na pek &#231;ok &#246;nemli ad&#305;mlar at&#305;lacakt&#305;r.</p><div><hr></div><h2 style="text-align: justify;">Dipnotlar</h2><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Rauf Yekta Bey, T&#252;rk Musikisi Nazariyat&#305;, Mahmut Bey Matbaas&#305;, 1924, &#304;stanbul, s.24</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ferit Devellio&#287;lu, &#8220;Osmanl&#305;ca-T&#252;rk&#231;e Ansiklopedik L&#251;gat&#8221;, Ayd&#305;n Kitabevi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, 11.bask&#305;, 1993, Ankara, s.983</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>12 me&#351;hur devir yani 12 makam, XV. as&#305;r nazariyat&#305;nda belirlenmi&#351; be&#287;enilen makamlard&#305;r. Safiyuddin&#8217;de yedi adet d&#246;rtl&#252; ve on iki adet be&#351;li vard&#305;r. Bunlar&#305;n birbirleriyle birle&#351;mesi devirleri (dizileri) meydana getirir. Ortaya &#231;&#305;kan seksen d&#246;rt dizinin en me&#351;hur on iki tanesine makam veya devir ismi verilir. Daha ayr&#305;nt&#305;l&#305; bilgi i&#231;in bkz. Mehmet Nuri Uygun, Safiyy&#252;ddin Abd&#252;lm&#252;&#8217;min Urmevi ve Kit&#226;b&#252;&#8217;l-Edv&#226;r&#305;, Kubbealt&#305; Ne&#351;riyat&#305;, 1999, &#304;stanbul, s.73</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Yakup Fikret Kutlu&#287;, T&#252;rk M&#251;s&#305;k&#238;sinde Makamlar, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul 2ooo, s.125</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Yal&#231;&#305;n Tura, Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#226;bu &#8216;&#304;lmi&#8217;l-M&#251;s&#305;k&#238; &#8216;al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#251;fat, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul 2001, s.43</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Sayfa 14&#8217;de yeh&#251;d&#226;n ge&#231;erken, sayfa 157&#8217;de &#304;hv&#226;n ge&#231;iyor.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tarihte kullan&#305;lm&#305;&#351; ba&#351;ka karar perdeleri de vard&#305;r; &#214;rn: uzzal/hic&#226;z, nev&#257;, h&#252;seyn&#238;, acem, gerd&#257;niye&#8230; gibi. Fakat g&#252;n&#252;m&#252;zde art&#305;k kullan&#305;lmad&#305;&#287;&#305; i&#231;in burada g&#246;sterilmemi&#351;tir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bir sekizli tizdir.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Rauf Yekta Bey, a.g.e., s.55, 56</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Porte &#252;zerinde g&#246;sterilen ruzumuzlar; &#8220;T&#8221;: Tan&#238;ni, &#8220;K&#8221;: M&#252;cenneb-i Keb&#238;r (B&#252;y&#252;k M&#252;cenneb), &#8220;S&#8221;: M&#252;cenneb-i Sag&#238;r (K&#252;&#231;&#252;k M&#252;cenneb).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Gelenekten gelen do&#287;al perdeler korunmu&#351; olsayd&#305;. Bat&#305; m&#252;zi&#287;indeki do&#287;al perdeler T&#252;rk m&#252;zi&#287;inde ar&#305;zal&#305; perdeler olacakt&#305; ve portede &#351;u &#351;ekilde g&#246;sterilecekti;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif" width="324" height="56" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:56,&quot;width&quot;:324,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJmK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89c86b7c-c539-4f36-a024-0807e0590bc8_324x56.tif 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Rauf Yekta Bey, a.g.e., s.58</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Rauf Yekta Bey, bunun sebebinin icradaki s&#305;k&#305;nt&#305;dan dolay&#305; oldu&#287;unu a&#231;&#305;klam&#305;&#351;t&#305;r; &#214;rnek olarak U&#351;&#351;&#257;k makam&#305;n&#305; vermi&#351;tir. U&#351;&#351;&#257;k makam&#305; o zamanlar bug&#252;nk&#252; h&#252;seyn&#238;-a&#351;&#238;r&#257;n perdesinde icra edilmektedir. U&#351;&#351;&#257;k mak&#257;m&#305;nda, seyir i&#231;erisinde mak&#257;ma renk vermesi sebebiyle bir tam d&#246;rtl&#252; peste kadar geni&#351;leme yap&#305;l&#305;r. Bu geni&#351;leme, en pest teli yeg&#226;h perdesi olan Kemen&#231;e veya benzeri sazlar&#305;n icrac&#305;lar&#305;n&#305; s&#305;k&#305;nt&#305;ya sokmu&#351;tur. Rauf Yekta Bey, a.g.e., s.59</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Diapozon frekans&#305; 1859&#8217;da 435 olarak kabul edilmi&#351;tir. Daha sonra 1939&#8217;da yap&#305;lan de&#287;i&#351;iklikle 440 titre&#351;im yapan diyapazon, uluslararas&#305; normal diyapazon olarak kabul edilmi&#351;tir. Bkz. http://www.nkfu.com/diyapazon-nedir-ozellikleri-nelerdir/</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bu perde Tanbur saz&#305;nda &#8220;&#257;henk teli&#8221; ad&#305;yla bilinir. Bu perde &#252;zerinde ezgi icra edilmez. Ezgiye pest ses olarak renk katmada kullan&#305;l&#305;r.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bol&#257;henk-N&#305;sfiye ney t&#305;n&#305;s&#305;ndaki tizlik nedeniyle kullan&#305;lmaz. Bu sebeple Neyzen, bol&#257;henk &#257;hengi K&#305;z ney&#8217;inde (d&#246;rt ses pest olan ney) icra eder. Ayn&#305; &#351;ekilde Sip&#252;rde ney&#8217;i kullanmak istemeyen bir Neyzen de Mans&#363;r ney&#8217;i ile icra eder.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Rauf Yekta Bey, a.g.e., s.53</p><h2><strong>Kaynak&#231;a </strong></h2><blockquote><p>Yekta, Rauf, &#8220;T&#252;rk Musikisi Nazariyat&#305;&#8221;, Mahmut Bey Matbaas&#305;, &#304;stanbul, 1924</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Devellio&#287;lu, Ferit &#8220;Osmanl&#305;ca-T&#252;rk&#231;e Ansiklopedik L&#251;gat&#8221;, Ayd&#305;n Kitabevi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, 11.bask&#305;, Ankara, 1993</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mehmet Nuri Uygun, &#8220;Safiyy&#252;ddin Abd&#252;lm&#252;&#8217;min Urmevi ve Kitab&#252;&#8217;l-Edvar&#305;&#8221;, Kubbealt&#305; Ne&#351;riyat&#305;, &#304;stanbul, 1999</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Kutlu&#287;, Yakup Fikret, &#8220;T&#252;rk Musikisinde Makamlar&#8221;, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul, 2ooo</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tura, Yal&#231;&#305;n, &#8220;Kantemiro&#287;lu Kit&#257;bu &#8216;&#304;lmi&#8217;l-M&#363;s&#305;k&#238; &#8216;al&#226; vechi&#8217;l-Hur&#363;fat&#8221;, Yap&#305; Kredi Yay&#305;nlar&#305;, &#304;stanbul, 2001 http://www.nkfu.com/diyapazon-nedir-ozellikleri-nelerdir/</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;"></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>